scholarly journals A Study on the Optimal Allocation of Maintenance Personnel in the Military Emergency Maintenance System Considering the Property of Impatience

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Defense Budget ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Maintenance Personnel ◽  
The Military

Impatience characteristics are an important factor to be considered in the defense field, which is sensitive to time, but there are not many cases applied. In addition, due to the difficulty of analysis that must consider various probabilistic factors (breakdown/maintenance distribution, impatience characteristics, etc.), military decision makers consider only simple data (number of occurrences per year, maintenance time, etc.) Therefore, in this study, a model capable of analyzing the performance of the emergency maintenance system for determining the appropriate size and organization of military and civilian maintenance personnel was presented in consideration of impatience characteristics and probabilistic factors. And through numerical analysis, the appropriate size of the military and civilian emergency maintenance teams was analyzed. This study is significant in that it can improve readiness of operational power and prevent waste of defense budget through efficient operation of the military's emergency maintenance system.

Mathematical Models for Predicting and Managing Water Resources — The Case of China in 2025

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 995-1001
Author(s):  
Ning Na Wang ◽  
Qin Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Water Supply Management ◽  
Generate Solution ◽  
Major Factors

An effective management of water supply is critically significant to a countrys water utilities, and accurate prediction of water supply and demand is of key importance for water supply management. The objectives of this paper are to use Grey System Model (GSM) and Linear Regression Model to forecast the water demand and water supply respectively in China 2025, and then propose a new Optimal Allocation Model (OAM) to generate solution so that analysts and decision makers can gain insight and understanding. The two predictive models take into account four major factors including domestic development, agriculture, industries and eco-environment, calculating a deficit between water demand and water supply in China 2025. Then the OAM, which considers desalinization, irrigation saving and urban recycling, provides a feasible solution to fill the gap and an effectual management of water supply.

scholarly journals Serbia's Military Neutrality: Origins, effects and challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (71) ◽  
pp. 43-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Ejdus
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military ◽  
Domestic Power ◽  
Nato Intervention

Abstract Serbia is the only state in the Western Balkans that is not seeking NATO membership. In December 2007, Serbia declared military neutrality and in spite of its EU membership aspirations, developed very close relations with Moscow. The objective of this paper is threefold. First, I argue that in order to understand why Serbia declared military neutrality, one has to look both at the discursive terrain and domestic power struggles. The key narrative that was strategically used by mnemonic entrepreneurs, most importantly by the former Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica, to legitimize military neutrality was the trauma of NATO intervention in 1999 and the ensuing secession of Kosovo. In the second part of the paper, I discuss the operational consequences of the military neutrality policy for Serbia's relations with NATO and Russia, as well as for military reform and EU accession. Finally, I spell out the challenges ahead in Serbia's neutrality policy and argue that its decision makers will increasingly be caught between pragmatic foreign policy requirements on the one hand and deeply entrenched traumatic memories on the other.

normally only gradually, and this situation is not universally the case. There is growing understanding of the need for security arrangements which underpin the economic and political co-operation whose value is so clear to most decision-makers. Those who wish to see greater co-operation from the Latin American states in the non-proliferation and arms control fields should attempt to understand these phenomena and make a greater effort to bring the Latin Americans along. The North can help a great deal in educating key members of the civilian elites in these countries about defence matters. This would go a long way to easing some of the issues of civil-military relations mentioned. Showing more transparency ourselves in the working of arms control groupings can help to reduce concerns in these countries about their ability to resist excessive northern pressures if they accept the objectives sought by those countries in such groups. Working with nascent but interested elements of civil society, from universities and research centres for example can help to build the constituency for these objectives in key countries. And efforts to show the military that collaboration does not necessarily mean the end of a legitimate degree of armed forces influence in the security area and more widely in foreign policy, and that arms control does not necessarily imply ruin for them and their families, need to be made and indeed should be more closely studied in order to address these real concerns. There is thus a good deal which can be done. But culture remains formative and vital to states and individuals. These societies are the result of a lived historic experience and only an understanding of the very real security concerns they have will allow us to obtain more support from them in security fields which are, as in the past, still offering great challenges globally and regionally.

2012 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Research Centres

scholarly journals A Stochastic Optimization Model for Agricultural Irrigation Water Allocation Based on the Field Water Cycle

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehao Yan ◽  
Mo Li
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Irrigation Water Allocation ◽  
Allocation Strategies

Agricultural water scarcity is a global problem and this reinforces the need for optimal allocation of irrigation water resources. However, decision makers are challenged by the complexity of fluctuating stream condition and irrigation quota as well as the dynamic changes of the field water cycle process, which make optimal allocation more complex. A two-stage chance-constrained programming model with random parameters in the left- and right-hand sides of constraints considering field water cycle process has been developed for agricultural irrigation water allocation. The model is capable of generating reasonable irrigation allocation strategies considering water transformation among crop evapotranspiration, precipitation, irrigation, soil water content, and deep percolation. Moreover, it can deal with randomness in both the right-hand side and the left-hand side of constraints to generate schemes under different flow levels and constraint-violation risk levels, which are informative for decision makers. The Yingke irrigation district in the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin, northwest China, was used to test the developed model. Tradeoffs among different crops in different time periods under different flow levels, and dynamic changes of soil moisture and deep percolation were analyzed. Scenarios with different violating probabilities were conducted to gain insight into the sensitivity of irrigation water allocation strategies on water supply and irrigation quota. The performed analysis indicated that the proposed model can efficiently optimize agricultural irrigation water for an irrigation district with water scarcity in a stochastic environment.

scholarly journals Balancing ecosystem services with energy and food security – Assessing trade-offs from reservoir operation and irrigation investments in Kenya's Tana Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3259-3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Hurford ◽  
J. J. Harou
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract. Competition for water between key economic sectors and the environment means agreeing allocations is challenging. Managing releases from the three major dams in Kenya's Tana River basin with its 4.4 million inhabitants, 567 MW of installed hydropower capacity, 33 000 ha of irrigation and ecologically important wetlands and forests is a pertinent example. This research seeks firstly to identify and help decision-makers visualise reservoir management strategies which result in the best possible (Pareto-optimal) allocation of benefits between sectors. Secondly, it seeks to show how trade-offs between achievable benefits shift with the implementation of proposed new rice, cotton and biofuel irrigation projects. To approximate the Pareto-optimal trade-offs we link a water resources management simulation model to a multi-criteria search algorithm. The decisions or "levers" of the management problem are volume-dependent release rules for the three major dams and extent of investment in new irrigation schemes. These decisions are optimised for eight objectives covering the provision of water supply and irrigation, energy generation and maintenance of ecosystem services. Trade-off plots allow decision-makers to assess multi-reservoir rule-sets and irrigation investment options by visualising their impacts on different beneficiaries. Results quantify how economic gains from proposed irrigation schemes trade-off against the disturbance of ecosystems and local livelihoods that depend on them. Full implementation of the proposed schemes is shown to come at a high environmental and social cost. The clarity and comprehensiveness of "best-case" trade-off analysis is a useful vantage point from which to tackle the interdependence and complexity of "water-energy-food nexus" resource security issues.

Numerical Analysis of Deformation and Failure of Penetration into Concrete Target by Projectile

2013 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Gao ◽  
Ya Bin Wang ◽  
Xiu Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Failure Strain ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
The Military ◽  
Protection Engineering

Penetration is an important topic in the military and protection engineering field. Based on *MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC of LS-DYNA program, this report studies effects of failure strain of the material parameters on structure of penetrating projectile. By establishing a group of numerical models about 45 steel hemispherical projectile penetrating semi-infinite concrete targets, this research aimed at analyzing effects of different failure strain values related to the destruction of the internal bracket structures of this projectile. At the same time, it studied the criterion of failure on finite dynamic program. The numerical results show that the use of failure strain in this model can well simulate damage of internal bracket structures of the projectile. Test was carried on based on this conclusion, which showed that bracket plate is subjected to shear failure in process of penetration, and numerical simulation was consistent with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Soldiers and ‘respect’ in complex conflicts: an Afghan case

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Cornelia Vikan
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Moral Problem ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Military Mission ◽  
The Military ◽  
International Security Assistance Force ◽  
Point Of Departure

This paper discusses the meaning of ‘respect’ in complex conflicts and aims to be a contribution to thinking about ethics in war along with the Just War tradition. The point of departure is the increased focus on soldiers as moral decision-makers in war, illustrated by the introduction of core values in the Norwegian Armed Forces. ‘Respect’ is one of these core values. However, it is not clear how we should understand ‘respect’ in this kind of context. I use a case where a group of Norwegian soldiers in the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) sought the cooperation of a group of mujahedeen to solve the military mission of establishing security. As confidence between the parties grew, the soldiers became horrified witnesses to a practice of bacha bazi, where a young boy is dressed up for entertainment and sexually abused. My discussion of different perspectives of ‘respect’ in this specific context shows the importance of acknowledging the multitude of moral stakes in a moral decision-process instead of closing the eyes for a moral problem.

scholarly journals Adaptación del sistema táctico de inteligencia para la toma de decisiones militares ante una pandemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (26) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Eider Yovanny Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rapid Adaptation ◽  
Process Data ◽  
The Face ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
The Military ◽  
Available Resources

The purpose of this work is to identify a tool that allows a military decision maker at the tactical level to manage the military resources available in the event of a pandemic. The research focused on finding and adapting an epidemiological mathematical model to process data collected in a military jurisdiction and with it the development of prospective scenarios in a military jurisdiction in the event of a pandemic. The results indicate that in the face of a pandemic, military decision makers must have a model of prospective scenarios and the adaptation of the intelligence process, especially the means of searching for information and the recording and analysis instruments to diligently manage the available resources. It is concluded that, given the appearance of a pandemic in a place with geographical conditions that hinder rapid accessibility and administrative support, military decision makers require a procedure that allows rapid adaptation to the new tactical scenario.

scholarly journals ARAS-FUCOM approach for VPAF fighter aircraft selection

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Pham Van Hoan ◽  
Yonghoon Ha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Fighter Aircraft ◽  
Product Method ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Ranking Of Alternatives ◽  
The Military ◽  
Consistency Method

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are systematical science projects to help decision-makers reach accurate decisions. Applying MCDM methods in the military is important because accurate decision making is the deciding factor for success and can reduce expenditure and increase defense capability. The full consistency method (FUCOM), one of the methods in the MCDM group, has many advantages, and its results are reliable. This paper aims to evaluate and select an appropriate fighter aircraft for Vietnam People’s Air Force. Using FUCOM as a decision-making process, we find the final weight values of criteria and apply the additive ratio assessment (ARAS) method to derive the final ranking of alternatives to comply with criteria. Sensitivity analysis is conducted and the result is compared with the weighted product method to substantiate the sturdiness of the proposed method. The results show the Su-35 as the best available solution.

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