Post hoc Correction of Chromatic Aberrations in Large-Scale Volumetric Images in Confocal Microscopy

Over the last decade, tissue-clearing techniques have expanded the scale of volumetric fluorescence imaging of the brain, allowing for the comprehensive analysis of neuronal circuits at a millimeter scale. Multicolor imaging is particularly powerful for circuit tracing with fluorescence microscopy. However, multicolor imaging of large samples often suffers from chromatic aberration, where different excitation wavelengths of light have different focal points. In this study, we evaluated chromatic aberrations for representative objective lenses and a clearing agent with confocal microscopy and found that axial aberration is particularly problematic. Moreover, the axial chromatic aberrations were often depth-dependent. Therefore, we developed a program that is able to align depths for different fluorescence channels based on reference samples with fluorescent beads or data from guide stars within biological samples. We showed that this correction program can successfully correct chromatic aberrations found in confocal images of multicolor-labeled brain tissues. Our simple post hoc correction strategy is useful to obtain large-scale multicolor images of cleared tissues with minimal chromatic aberrations.

Prevention of nicotine addiction at the enterprises of the Siberian Coal Energy Company

The problem of Smoking is widespread among different age groups of the population both in individual countries and in the world as a whole. According to official statistics, the number of regular tobacco users in the world reaches a billion. The harm of tobacco is caused by the content of toxic substances in the inhaled smoke, which have a negative impact on organs and systems, leading to the emergence of diseases or exacerbation of existing ones. Deaths due to diseases associated with tobacco use are not uncommon. Given the high mortality and morbidity from nosological forms, the risk of which is Smoking, prevention and methods of combating addiction are an important topic in modern medicine. This article presents the experience of using the auditory psycho-correction program “NO SMOKE” in the fight against tobacco dependence among employees of the coal Company.

The Use of Psychological Correction Programs to Improve the Occupational Fitness of Correctional Personnel

Introduction: the article examines the results of the application of a short-term psychological correction program, which includes conflict prevention and the development of adaptive behavior skills in difficult communication situations. Aim: based on the results of the study, to identify conditions for the effective use of psychological programs to overcome stress among prison staff. Methods: the tasks set in the work were solved with the help of general scientific research methods within the framework of comparative, statistical and logical analysis and empirical methods such as description and interpretation of the information. The study involved 80 employees of the security department of correctional institutions of the Pskov Oblast, divided into experimental and control groups. The trainings were conducted by full-time psychologists of the departments. To assess the effectiveness, we used the following methods: “Willpower self-assessment scale” by N.N. Obozov, the technique for determining the level of neuropsychic stability “Forecast”, and the questionnaire of interpersonal relations in the adaptation of W. Shchutz. Results: the analysis of the data with the help of mathematical statistics methods has shown that the use of such programs is advisable among employees included in the group of increased attention. These may be persons conditionally recommended for this type of activity, as well as those who have been subjected to the deforming influence of an unfavorable professional environment. A statistically significant result for the experimental group of subjects consisted in a change in the indicators on the sincerity scale, which can mean an increase in self-esteem, trust in the psychologist and the desire to answer the questions honestly. The greatest effectiveness of the training was observed when we were implementing the tested program; this is explained by increased motivation and responsibility for its results. No practical effect of participation in the training was revealed among the personnel who initially had indicators that did not require correction. Conclusions: in order to increase the effectiveness of trainings, it is necessary that psychologists have personal conscious motivation when they work out unique programs that take into account actual needs of correctional staff.

Features of the correction of the emotional sphere of nurses

The article presents the results of research and correction of the emotional sphere of medical personnel. The nurses features of emotional experiences with different experience of professional activity have been studied. A correction program was developed and carried out and reliable shifts were identified.

PARENTS’ VIEW OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN’S PROGRESS: PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE PROGRAM OF SENSORIMOTOR CORRECTION

The aim of the study was a preliminary assessment of the sensorimotor correction program based on parental complaints about the difficulties experienced by primary school children and the improvements observed during the program. In most cases, parents are interested in the regular and systematic implementation of the correction program and are among the sources for assessing its results. The study involved 37 mothers with children aged 8 to 11 years (M = 9.8 years; SD = 1.1; 16% girls). Mothers were from 28 to 50 (M = 37.7 years; SD = 6.7). Before the correctional work, each mother was interviewed to identify problems. In the process of sensorimotor correction, one individual lesson was held with the child every week in the presence of a mother. Children performed exercises daily. Mothers received additional sessions every three weeks as part of informational and emotional support. For all identified categories (Self-regulation, Communication, Health and physical development, and Cognitive processes), the improvements after the correction concur with the manifestation of the problem before it. Thus, parents’ assessments of improvements confirm the orientation of the correction to problem areas of children's development.

Using LЕGО-technologies for the correction of misinformation among young schoolchildren because of the mental development

Scientific work contains an analysis of psychological research on the problem of thinking of younger schoolchildren with mental retardation. The characteristics of the types of construction are presented, a theoretical substantiation of the effectiveness of the correction of thinking in younger schoolchildren in the process of LEGO technologies is given, the influence of classes with a designer on the development of thought processes in younger students with mental retardation is revealed. A correction program for working with younger schoolchildren with mental retardation has been tested.

The Theoretical Basis of Gifted Teenagers’ Dependence Prevention on the Virtual Environment

The data from world researches of gifted adolescents who are addicted from the virtual environment and their peers is presented in the article. The theoretical foundations of gifted adolescents’ addiction prevention from the virtual environment are presented. Various currents of researchers' views on the adolescents’ giftedness factor and the associated addiction risks on the virtual environment are shown. Conclusions about the urgent need to prevent this phenomenon are drawn. The risk factors for the addiction emergence of gifted adolescents on the virtual environment have been identified. The model of addiction prevention on the virtual environment is described. Teenage age – transitional age which is characterized by all systems of an organism formation. During this period perhaps unstable condition of the teenager’s nervous system strengthened by daily stressor which accumulatingly can generate a stress. All these factors can provoke an Internet-dependent behavior emergence among the presented and not gifted teenagers therefore prospect of further researches is gifted teenagers’ dependence on the virtual environment correction program creation. On the given results basis of the world researches on dependence on the virtual environment, namely Internet dependence, we had a vision of gifted teenagers’ dependence process which we presented in the form of dependence prevention theoretical model which we also use further in practice. According to our model of gifted teenagers’ dependence prevention on the virtual environment, personal labour is the component bringing out of dependence. The steady condition of a teenager’s nervous system is a basis of dependence prevention. The autonomy of the teenager’s identity is an integrated basis of dependence prevention on the virtual environment. Facing considered by us researches’ results about increase in destructive use of the Internet by teenagers, further work on prevention and correction of gifted teenagers’ dependence on the virtual environment seems necessary to us

Topspin’s Influence on the Spine in Female Juniors III in Table Tennis

The consolidation of topsin, the most prolific technical & tactical element in the attack’s area, requires, besides the daily training and efficient biomechanics, an optimal health of the osteo-articular and muscular system, due to the fact that the performance of this element requires forceful speed developed throughout the muscle chain. The purpose of the present scientific research is to identify the problems occurred at spine level resulted following to topspin attack and the importance of this technical element in the female junior’s performance. The social enquiry-based survey was conducted on a number of 27 coaches and athletes, using a number of 15 questions. Objectives: optimization of topspin attack in 11-12 years old female juniors. Premises: the knowledge on statistics of spine specific areas generating pain at the time of the attack will allow us to create a postural correction program meant to optimize performance. Research methods: The registration method was based on an opinion poll, on a statistical and mathematical method, on computer graphics method. Conclusion: around 78% of the interviewed specialists consider that the lumbar area is the most affected and predisposed to pain in case of topspin, existing a strong correlation between it and the technical element considered to be the most important in the attack phase (topspin – 66.67%) in female juniors, p = 0.003 < α = 0.05, V = 0.620 and C = 0.659.

Special features of designing a correction program for adolescents who have signs of psychosomatic disorders

The relevance of the research is related to the need for studying the character of psychosomatic disorders in adolescence, which is insufficiently investigated and requires more in-depth research, in particular designing a comprehensive program that includes a system of training exercises to overcome psychosomatic disorders. The problem of studying psychosomatic relationships is one of the most difficult problems of modern psychology and medicine, despite the fact that the close connection between mental and somatic has been studied for several centuries. Mental trauma is a leading cause of neuroses formation and progress, its pathogenic significance is determined by the complex interaction with many other factors being a result of an individual’s life, formation of his body and personality, especially in adolescence. The subject of the research is to study special features of psychosomatic disorders, as well as to design a program for adolescents with signs of neurotic disorders. The subject matter of the research is the peculiarities of psychosomatic disorders manifestation and neurotic signs in adolescence. The article presents a theoretical analysis of modern approaches in psychology to the study of psychosomatic disorders peculiarities, their classification, considering the signs of neurotic disorders in adolescence. The work analyzes age characteristics of psychosomatic disorders in adolescence. Modern adolescents are exposed to various stressors, to the impact of audiovisual information, school overload, extra classes, exams, and a special problem that is a change in quality of life and prevalence of alcoholism, smoking, drug addiction, especially drug addiction among adolescents. The complex of these factors has negative consequences both on a psychological and physical level. Most authors who study the causes of psychosomatic illnesses recognize the important role of parents in the development of mentally and physically healthy children. Many studies highlight the role of early mother-child relationships in the formation of psychosomatic pathology. Various violations of this relationship usually lead to abnormalities in a child’s development. (M. Mahler, E. T. Eidemiller, Yustitskis, D. Winnicott, M. Klein). The results of an empirical study aimed at identifying signs of psychosomatic disorders are considered. The following methods were used: observation, questionnaires, and such methods as diagnosis of neurotic disorders in adolescence (DND), diagnosis of the level of school anxiety by Phillips, “Non-existent animal” by M.Z. Drukarevich. The peculiarities of designing and testing the correction program, which is aimed at reducing the signs of neurotic manifestations in adolescence, are revealed. Objectives of the correction program are: searching for interaction of adolescents with society, finding and testing skills of effective response to external stimuli; increasing the level of self-esteem; removal of emotional tension; reducing anxiety. The results confirm the possibility of reducing the signs of neurotic manifestations of adolescents and help to delay or completely stop a possible personality disorder.