Abstract
Abstract text
The microenvironment of spermatogenesis mainly consists of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and peritubular cells. The traditional theory considers that spermatogenesis is regulated by hypothalamus-pituitary gland- gonadal axis. In the hypothalamus-pituitary gland- gonadal axis, the microenvironmental cells are mainly regulated by the hormones, which are secreted by the hypothalamus or/and pituitary gland. Meanwhile, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells also secrete related factors to feedback the functions of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. With the development of research, it has found that metabolic disorders are closely related to the spermatogenesis. Some components involving in lipid metabolism pathways, including saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and triglycerides, etc. affect the functions of Sertoli and Leydig cells through metabolic coupling pathway. The disorder function of Sertoli and Leydig impairs the microenvironment of spermatogenesis, which finally leads to spermatogenic failure. Current studies have found that the imbalance of lipid metabolism can affect the intestinal flora, which induces the changes of related metabolites, and finally leads to the occurrence of male infertility. Based on the current research, we regulated the lipid metabolism by Omega-3 and metformin in clinic, the activity of spermatogenesis can be remolded.
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