Handling Fever In Toddlers At Homes In The Village Of Manarap Lama

Background: The prevalence of fever at the age of 0-4 years was 33.4%, cough was 28.7% and diarrhea was 11.4%. Central Agency Statistics in Indonesia (2012), children with fever as many as 90,245 children, in 2013 as many as 112,511 children. From field observations and interviews with some communities, the main problem was that the community had not been able to calculate drug doses for children under five and did not understand how to handle fever in children under five. The purpose is increase the level of knowledge and skill about fever handling of parents who have children under five in Manarap Village. Methods: Pre-test and Post-test, Educational counseling, training to measure temperature with a thermometer, training to calculate the dose of fever medicine for children under five, training in handling fever in children under five. The number of respondents are 14 people, total implementation of activities is 1 month, but educational activities and interviews are carried out for 1 day but at different times, then a follow-up plan is made after the activity. Results: Increased knowledge can be seen from the post-test value which is higher than the pre-test value, participants can measure body temperature with a thermometer correctly, participants can calculate the dose of paracetamol fever medicine for children under five, participants understand the handling of fever in children under five. Conclusion: Community service activities to treat fever in children under five through education have increased the knowledge and understanding of participants from the results of the pretest and post-test with a significant increase in scores. The hands-on practice of using a thermometer, compressing and calculating the right dose helped participants understand.

Effectiveness of Family-Centered Oral Health Promotion on Toddler Oral Health in Hong Kong

Early childhood caries is common in Hong Kong, and parental practices on maintaining good oral health of their young children are far from satisfactory. This article reports on the effectiveness of a randomized controlled trial on family-centered oral health promotion to new parents in establishing proper feeding habits and oral hygiene practices and in reducing caries risk among 3-y-old toddlers. At baseline, pregnant mothers and their husbands were recruited and randomly allocated into 2 groups. The test group received individualized oral health education (OHE) via a behavioral and educational counseling approach while the control group received the OHE pamphlets only. Information related to the feeding habits, oral hygiene practices, and oral health of the toddlers was collected by parent-completed questionnaires and oral examination annually via home visits. A total of 580 families were recruited at baseline, and 436 toddlers were followed up when they reached 3 y old (test, n = 228; control, n = 208; follow-up rate, 75.2%). The proportions of toddlers who held food in the mouth, fell asleep when milk feeding, had prolonged use of the nursing bottle, ate before bed, and consumed a sweet snack daily were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). Significantly higher proportions of toddlers brushed their own teeth twice daily, were brushed by their parents twice daily, and used fluoride toothpaste than in the control group (all P < 0.001). Toddlers in the test group had better oral health status with a lower level of visible plaque, Streptococcus mutans, white spot lesion, and cavitated lesion (all P < 0.05). Family-centered oral health promotion and individualized OHE for parents via a behavioral and educational counseling approach are more effective in establishing good feeding habits and parental toothbrushing practices and in decreasing the caries risk of their toddlers than the distribution of OHE pamphlets alone (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02937194).

An integrative approach to vocational identity and of the prevention of school adaptation difficulties

The present paper aims to present an integrative model of the development of vocational identity in the prevention of the school adaptation difficulties. The transition to another level of education, regardless of age, implies new obstacles and question marks. The essential dimensions of personal orientation in vocational development (psychological, pedagogical and social) are interconditioned and interrelated with each other. Research has indicated that student career exploration can have a positive effect on school engagement. Also, research has confirmed that students who are engaged in their education, consider school as a valuable experience, and want to participate in school activities are more likely to demonstrate high academic achievement (Klem & Connell, 2004; Want & Halcombe, 2010) and are less likely to drop out of school (Finn & Rock, 1997). Educational counseling / vocational education facilitates, through the steps it involves, the emergence of new cognitions, attitudes and effective behaviors. Also, the various practices promoted in school focus on the prevention of problems that may hinder the development and harmonious functioning of the person.

Penyuluhan Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Santri/Wati Untuk Melanjutkan Pendidikan Ke Perguruan Tinggi

Educational Counseling in Increasing the Interest of Santri / wati to Continue Education to Higher Education aims to provide knowledge to students about the Higher Education system and the introduction of several campuses and scholarships provided by the government to encourage the government's mission of entrepreneur santri. Of course, the students have different talents and abilities. So it is necessary to have an approach or self-evaluation of what interests will be chosen to continue to higher education. This counseling opportunity becomes an arena to motivate students to continue their education at higher education. He also explained that lectures are not only related to knowledge but also determine the future which will determine a better life. On this occasion the community service team presented various information including describing what study programs and faculties are available. In addition, what is important information is information related to tertiary entry pathways. There are three pathways described, namely the SMPTN, SBMPTN, SPMB, and achievement pathways. Keywords: education; extension; students. Abstrak: Penyuluhan Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Santri/wati Untuk Melanjutkan Pendidikan ke Perguruan Tinggi bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada santri-santriwati tentang sistem Pendidikan Tinggi dan pengenalan beberapa kampus serta beasiswa yang disediakan pemerintah demi terdorongnya misi pemerintah santri entrepreneur. Para santri tentu memiliki bakat dan kemampuan yang berbeda-beda. Sehingga perlu adanya pendekatan atau evaluasi diri minat apa yang akan dipilih untuk melanjutkan ke perguruan Tinggi. Kesempatan penyuluhan ini menjadi ajang untuk memotivasi para santri untuk bisa melanjutkan pendidikan di perguruan tinggi. Juga menjelaskan bahwa perkuliahan tidak hanya mengejar terkait ilmu tapi menentukan masa depan yang nantinya akan menjadi penentu kehidupan yang lebih baik. Pada kesempatan kali ini tim pengabdian masyarakat memaparkan berbagai infor-masi diantaranya menjabarkan prodi dan fakultas apa saja yang ada. Selain itu yang menjadi infromasi penting adalah informasi terkait jalur masuk perguruan tinggi. Ada tiga jalur yang dipaparkan yakni jalur SMPTN, SBMPTN, SPMB, dan juga jalur prestasi. Kata kunci: pendidikan; penyuluhan; santri.

nr="169"Unsicherheit in pädagogischer Beratung – eine Frage der Professionalisierung

Zusammenfassung: In dem Beitrag rücken Zusammenhänge zwischen Professionalisierungsansprüchen und Umgang mit Unsicherheit im Bereich pädagogischer Beratung in den Blick. Dazu wird zunächst das Zusammenspiel zwischen disziplinärer und individueller Professionalisierung in der Generierung und Bewältigung von Unsicherheit skizziert. Es wird aufgezeigt, inwieweit die Bewältigung von Unsicherheit zu den immanenten Herausforderungen professioneller pädagogischer Beratung gehört. Ausgehend von einer Differenzierung verschiedener Arten von Unsicherheit werden mögliche Wege, mit diesen umzugehen, beschrieben. Dabei zeigt sich im Blick auf aktuelle Forschung, dass das Bestreben, der Verunsicherung und des immanenten Technologiedefizits der Profession durch Rückgriff auf ,,Handlungsrezepte“ Herr zu werden, die professionelle Entwicklung der*des Einzelnen letztlich hemmen kann. Ausgehend von einem Verständnis beraterischer Professionalität, das deren Kern im individuellen Fallverständnis und in der Offenheit gegenüber verunsichernden Erfahrungen sieht, wird die Annahme von und reflexive Auseinandersetzung mit Unsicherheit als zentraler Dreh- und Angelpunkt beratungsbezogener Professionalisierung markiert.Abstract: The chapter focuses on relations between claims of professionalization and dealing with insecurity within domains of educational counseling. Both professionalization on a disciplinary and individual level interact in the generation of insecurity and security. Different perspectives draw a picture of the counseling profession within which dealing with uncertainties appears to be an immanent and permanent professional challenge. A review of recent research reveals that approaches that focus on quickly overcoming practitioner’s insecurity may impede counselors’ professional development. To develop counseling expertise, that is based on the individual understanding of cases and an openness to troubling experiences, accepting and reflecting the inherent ambiguities and uncertainties within the domain seems to be crucial.

Risk Factors and Aetiological Agents of Urethritis in Men with Urethritis in Brașov County

"Introduction: Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of urethritis, they remain a global public health problem worldwide. Patients with urethritis have a higher risk sexual behavior than the general population. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors and the etiological pathogens of urethritis in men among Brașov county. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Medlife-PDR Clinic from Brașov, România, from Jan 2016 to Nov, 2020. 111 male patients aged from 17 to 78 years (mean age 34.5±10.26) presenting with dysuria, micturition discomfort and/or urethral discharge were included in the study. Results: The highest incidence of urethritis was among men aged 21-40 years. The acquisition of urethral infection was related to their young age, low educational level, multiple sexual partners and lack of condom use, most having extramarital relations including commercial sex. N. gonorrhoeae was identified as a causative agent in 18 (16.22%) patients with urethritis, C. trachomatis in 39 (35.14%) patients, Mycoplasma spp. in 5 (4.5%) patients, Ureaplasma spp. in 30 (27.03%) patients, Trichomonas vaginalis in 6 (5.4%) patients. A concurrent infection with N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis was identified in one patient (0.01%). In 12 patients (9.9%) other infectious agents were identified and in one case the aetiological agent could not be identified (0.01%). Conclusion: By identifying risky sexual behaviors, clinicians may be able to provide educational counseling as well as assistance in the diagnosis and treatment of urethritis. "

Educational Counseling and Temporary Language Adaptation Classrooms: A Study through In-Depth Interviews

This article aims to show the role of educational counselors both as promoters of cultural management and as mentors for attention to diversity. A qualitative methodology and ethnographic approach have been implemented. In-depth interviews with counsellors from schools in the provinces of Huelva and Cadiz (Spain) have been analyzed in order to pinpoint their perceptions regarding the educational attention that immigrant students receive and the opportunities that are generated from the temporary language adaptation classrooms and school counseling for the promotion of intercultural education. After the qualitative analysis, this classroom stands out as an essential device in the educational response received by these students. The main outcomes also show that the educational counselor is a key figure in the processes of educational attention to immigrant students, although they are faced with some challenges that remain pending in this process. These professionals assume the role of advisers, guides, coordinators, and promoters in the preparation of cultural proposals and actions. Their work is equally relevant in family–school–community mediation and in the positive promotion of intercultural coexistence. The discussion focuses on knowing the importance of intercultural education in schools as a response to the principle of “educating for all,” taking advantage of the educational context as a privileged setting to work on cultural diversity. This task must be carried out by the counselor in collaboration with the principals, families, other teachers, educators, and other agents. The research underlines the difficulties counselors face when implementing inclusive collaborative processes, while identifying them as key agents due to their pivotal role in the positive management of diversity.

A child with aphasia – An outline of the problem

The article is a scientific paper on the issue of aphasia. The author carries out a review and critical analysis of terminology describing this unique speech and language disorder. She points to the lack of terminological coherence both among specialists and among parents of children with aphasia. She also lists different types of aphasia, describes them, and presents the origins of cortical disorders. The second part of the article presents procedures included in selected legislative acts on the organization of education for children with special educational needs, including children with aphasia. The author analyses the successive stages of the psychological and educational counseling procedures that parents go through in their child's assessment and treatment process.