The Neoliberalization of Sleep

This article explores the implications of sleep apps which are sociologically significant in that they represent an attempt to colonize, exploit, and make profitable one of the last vestiges of the human lifeworld through discourses of self-subjectification, authenticity, and self-improvement. I assess the websites of two sleep tracking apps (Pillow and Sleep Score) using critical discourse analysis (CDA), new materialism, and autoethnography. I make the case that the neoliberal values associated with the use of these apps perpetuate the logic that a better sleep makes for a more productive worker, better citizen, and ideal consumer subject. I also demonstrate how these apps function to open new sites of potential profit and reproduce a form of embodied neoliberal subjectivity generated by intra-active entanglements between identities, technologies, and discourses. Finally, I take up the issue of marginalization and intersecting subject positions as it relates to inequalities that these sleep trackers might exacerbate.

Relación entre felicidad en el trabajo y desempeño laboral: análisis bibliométrico, evolución y tendencias

El propósito de este artículo fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la tesis del trabajador feliz y productivo (Happy-Productive Worker -HPW-), e identificar su evolución y tendencias, con el fin de reconocer el avance de la literatura sobre la relación entre felicidad en el trabajo y el desempeño laboral, los autores, países y documentos representativos, además de los clústeres relevantes, lo cual se ha identificado como una necesidad para los académicos de las organizaciones. Se realizaron los análisis con el uso del software sci2, gephi, vosviewer y bibliometrix. Se encontró que, a la fecha, se han publicado 404 documentos en Web of Science y 532 en Scopus. Dentro de los resultados más representativos se encuentran: países (Estados Unidos y España), universidades (Valencia y California), revistas (Journal Happiness Studies y Frontiers in Psychology), autores en Scopus (Sonja Lyubomirsky) y en Wos (Andrés Salas). Como principal aporte, se identificó que en la literatura sobresalen cuatro clústeres en el estudio del HPW: felicidad internacional y economía; felicidad en la vida y desempeño; felicidad, engagement y desempeño laboral; y enfoques emergentes en la relación entre felicidad y desempeño, coincidiendo en estos, como constructo de felicidad más estudiado, la satisfacción en la vida y laboral.

Revisiting the Happy-Productive Worker Thesis from a Eudaimonic Perspective: A Systematic Review

The happy-productive worker thesis (HPWT) is considered the Holy Grail of management research, and it proposes caeteris paribus, happy workers show higher performance than their unhappy counterparts. However, eudaimonic well-being in the relationship between happiness and performance has been understudied. This paper provides a systematized review of empirical evidence in order to make a theoretical contribution to the happy-productive worker thesis from a eudaimonic perspective. Our review covers 105 quantitative studies and 188 relationships between eudaimonic well-being and performance. Results reveal that analyzing the eudaimonic facet of well-being provides general support for the HPWT and a much more comprehensive understanding of how it has been studied. However, some gaps and nuances are identified and discussed, opening up challenging avenues for future empirical research to clarify important questions about the relationship between happiness and performance in organizations.

In search of the Holy Grail: a 20-year systematic review of the happy-productive worker thesis

Purpose The relationship between job satisfaction and performance is a topic that has been intriguing scholars and managers for a long time. With the flourishing of positive psychology, it has been called the happy-productive worker thesis. New concepts led to new results but still divergent. This study aims to understand the past 20 years of research on the topic, also called the holy grail of the organizational sciences, helping to unwrap conclusions so far. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric analysis was performed with R statistical tool’s support, complemented by content analysis, based on studies from three major databases between 1999 and 2019. The empirical studies were analyzed according to the constructs used, shedding light on when the happy-productive worker thesis is more likely to be confirmed. Findings Results show a variety of constructs and instruments used to operationalize the constructs. This lack of convergence accounts for a large part of the general inconclusiveness of the topic. Indicated research gaps can be useful to both academics and practitioners. Research limitations/implications Only studies declared as related to the happy-productive worker thesis were considered. Practical implications Managers can benefit from considering the findings as a basis for decision-making regarding investments in employee happiness at work, focusing on the aspects of happy constructs that lead to productive criteria. Originality/value The application of mixed methods, complementing the bibliometric with thorough content analysis, provided a more detailed overview of current knowledge about the topic, helping to disentangle different concepts that were treated as similar. Thus, it is possible to understand in which situations happy workers are really more productive.

What Makes Millennials Happy in their Workplace?

Happiness in the workplace remains to be an under-researched field which is unfortunate considering that the happiness-productive worker link has been strongly established. More essentially, there has been a lack of research on happiness in the workplace which considers a specific sample of millennials. In preparation for a workforce dominated with millennials, this research will help address the gap with regards to the lack of research on Malaysian millennials’ happiness in the workplace. Through a thorough literature review, six predictors or antecedents of happiness in the workplace among millennials which are meaningful work, work autonomy, transformational leadership, workplace friendship, work life balance, and gratitude have been chosen in this research. This study consists of millennials (“millennials” or Generation Y is defined in the selected literature as individuals born between years 1982 and 2004) who have undergone full time employment of at least one year or more. The results indicated that all the six predictors showed significant moderate to high positive relationships with happiness in the workplace. Multiple regression analysis showed that all six predictors significantly predicts millennials’ happiness in the workplace, besides gratitude. Implications of this study with regards to managing millennial talent in organisations are then discussed.

Meta-analysis and Scientific Mapping of Well-being and Job Performance

In this article, we present a meta-analysis and a scientific mapping about the relationship between different types of well-being and job performance. We followed The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses (Moher et al., 2009), and conduct the search in Web of Science, SCOPUS, Ebscohost, Proquest, and Jstor databases. We identified 43 studies from 1994 to early 2020 that represent 45 independent samples, 34,221 participants, and 77 correlations between four types of well-being and six of job performance. Meta-analysis results show that are different forms of relations between types and there is not only one form to explain the happy-productive worker hypothesis. The scientific mapping shows that there are seven clusters of topics about well-being and job performance in the Web of Science base articles: (I) Burnout and axiety, (II) Stress and depression, (III) Individual resources, (IV) Work context, (V) Work engagement and commitment, (VI) Justice, and (VII) Human resources practices. We organize the topics from each cluster in the different groups of variables of the contextual model of individual work, well-being and performance (van Veldhoven & Peccei, 2015) to explain their impact in well-being and job performance. We included the observations of our analysis and identified the future key directions for the field.

Happy-Productive Teams and Work Units: A Systematic Review of the ‘Happy-Productive Worker Thesis’

The happy-productive worker thesis (HPWT) assumes that happy employees perform better. Given the relevance of teams and work-units in organizations, our aim is to analyze the state of the art on happy-productive work-units (HPWU) through a systematic review and integrate existing research on different collective well-being constructs and collective performance. Research on HPWU (30 studies, 2001–2018) has developed through different constructs of well-being (hedonic: team satisfaction, group affect; and eudaimonic: team engagement) and diverse operationalizations of performance (self-rated team performance, leader-rated team performance, customers’ satisfaction, and objective indicators), thus creating a disintegrated body of knowledge about HPWU. The theoretical frameworks to explain the HPWU relationship are attitude–behavior models, broaden-and-build theory, and the job-demands-resources model. Research models include a variety of antecedents, mediators, and moderating third variables. Most studies are cross-sectional, all propose a causal happy–productive relationship (not the reverse), and generally find positive significant relationships. Scarce but interesting time-lagged evidence supports a causal chain in which collective well-being leads to team performance (organizational citizenship behavior or team creativity), which then leads to objective work-unit performance. To conclude, we identify common issues and challenges across the studies on HPWU, and set out an agenda for future research.

LITERASI MEDIA PADA GENERASI MILENIAL DI ERA DIGITAL

Media literacy in the Millennial generation in the digital era is still not well implemented. We still see and read a lot of information that is still not clear the truth on social media. This research was conducted to see how media literacy in the Millennial generation in the digital era, especially in social media. Research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach, by analyzing theories and analyzing based on phenomena that occur so that a comprehensive understanding of the application of media literacy in Millennials in the digital age is obtained. The results of the study revealed, first the literacy of the pause in the digital age is still not well implemented in society even though they are already adept at using digital devices. This bias can be seen that there is still a lot of information found that the truth is not yet distributed in social media by Millennials. Second, the Millennial generation is the term for the generation born in the 1980 to 2000 range. Those who are said to be the Millennial generation are the generation who are currently aged 19 to 40 years, or school age to productive / worker age. Third, Millennial generation interaction with social media in the digital era is very intense. This generation is very ska surfing on social media to share information, entertainment, highlight their existence, mingle with the community in chat groups. Fourth, the development of media literacy in the Millennial generation in the digital era is still not as expected. Millennials do not have good knowledge about media literacy, so there are still many violations in social media, especially in terms of filtering and disseminating information to the public. Keywords: media literacy, millennial generation, media literacy in the digital era

Quality of Worklife: Importance in Small Scale Industries for Employees

Today’s business world is very competitive and managing an organization has become more complex than ever before. As more companies have started realizing that ‘the satisfied worker is a productive worker’, they have started to look for ways to improve the work environment. Many have implemented various work life programs to help employees in order to improve their work life quality. The work life quality has an important bearing on the ‘total quality’ of the people. It results to better quality of life of the people and vice-versa. It has been considered a mean and at the same time an end in itself

LEGITIMATION OF VIRTUE EDUCATION IN TEACHER TRAINING DISCOURSE DURING SOVIET LATVIA

Soviet virtue education had a relevant place in the discourse of the founders of communism and in the Communist Party’s documents. Virtue education played a central role in the construction of the future Soviet society and the raising of the New Soviet Man, a conscious communist, productive worker and soldier. This paper addresses two research questions: how was character and virtue education conceptualized, legitimized and implemented in Soviet Latvia? What elements of the Soviet approach to character education facilitated the consolidation of totalitarianism in Latvia?This research is based on written academic sources published in Soviet Latvia about virtue education and intended to school teachers: two teaching manuals for teacher training (Jesipovs & Gončarovs, 1948; Iļjina, 1971), and three collections scientific papers written by the leading educational academics of the Soviet Latvia published by the Latvian State University in 1962, 1964 and 1967 within the series “Questions about Upbringing in the Soviet school”.The findings highlight the understanding of virtue education during this period, and how it was ideologically, socially and pedagogically legitimized in the academic discourse and pedagogical literature addressed to school teachers.