"Liver as excretory organ": Developing Android-based flash learning media for middle school students

Studying the liver as an excretory organ is still a problem for students. The availability of learning media that can represent learning is urgently required. This study aims to develop and analyze the feasibility and practicality of Android-based flash learning media on the liver as an excretory organ for eighth-grade students. This Research and Development (R&D) uses the Borg and Gall model with a limit of up to stage seven. The results of expert validation show that learning media is included in the "very feasible" category according to media experts and material experts, with the percentage order of 86% and 95%. The media practicality by the teacher's response showed that media was categorized as very practical (94%). Then, student response toward the media was reached 85% and categorized as practical. The test of the effectiveness of learning media on critical thinking skills showed that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The results of this study need to be continued at the next R&D stage to get the feasible product.

Development of echinoderm comic as learning media in Junior High School

Comic media development is essential for junior high school students. Because in learning the echinoderm material, students' motivation is shallow. This research aims to 1) develop echinoderms comics, 2) find out how to develop comic learning media, 3) find out whether comic learning media was suitable for scientific learning. This research and development used the Hannafin and Peck model with three stages they were 1) needs analysis, 2) design stage and 3) development and implementation. The methods of collecting data were used observation and questionnaires. Comic media validation consisted of material experts, media experts, and educators. The subjects in this research were students of class VII Junior High School Islam Integral Luqman Al-Hakim 02 Batam. The quality of comic media is based on material expert validation, a suitable category (85.14%). The result of media expert validation was an excellent category (92.00%). Students who responded at the small group test stage were an excellent category (93.61%). Finally, students answered a suitable category at the big group test (88.25%). Echinoderm comics have been ideal for science learning based on the explanation above.

Digital comics learning media for high school on the human excretory system concept

Based on the preliminary analysis, one of the things needed in learning is a learning media that describes the material clearly, briefly, easily understood, and fulfills offline and online learning. This research aims to develop a digital comic learning media on the concept of the human excretory system. This study uses the R&D (Research and Development) method with the ADDIE model. The instruments in this study include a validation questionnaire, practicality test sheets, readability questionnaire, and student response questionnaire sheets to the developed digital comic learning media. The research data were analyzed quantitatively by calculating the percentage. The results showed that the digital comics learning media was valid and feasible to be used as learning media (combined average of 83%). The results of the student response test showed a very good response to the digital comic learning media with a percentage of 84%

Development of HOTS-based biology learning documents using ADDIE Model

Empowerment of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is often not optimal due to the lack of availability of HOTS-based learning documents. The purpose of this development research was to produce HOTS-based biology learning tools on motion system material for class XI high school. This development research uses the ADDIE model which has five stages: analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate. The product development was validated by learning experts and material experts and then tested on students. The validation sheet was used as a data collection instrument. The validation results from learning experts stated that the learning syllabus was very feasible (84.3%), lesson plans were very feasible (80.2%), student worksheets were feasible (72.2%), and test questions were very feasible (83%). Meanwhile, the validation results from material experts stated that all learning documents were feasible (the percentage of eligibility for syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheets, and test questions were 77%, 70%, 80%, and 80%, respectively). After being tested on students, student responses and the results of their evaluation scores indicate that the learning documents that have been developed are suitable for use. In addition, the HOTS learning tools developed are practical and effective in the learning process, so as to create a student-centered learning process and be able to improve students' HOTS.

Development of a biology practicum module with microtech-nical preparations on the structure and function of plant tissue

There has been no development or preparation of microtechnical modules on the material structure and function of plant tissues equipped with preparations. Therefore, the purpose of this research and development was to produce modules equipped with microtechnical preparations and analyze their quality through validation of teaching materials experts, material experts, and readability by teachers and students on small- and large-scale trials. This type of research was Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model which has five stages, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the development research were in the form of a product of a biology practicum module with microtechnical preparations. The quality of the modules according to the teaching materials experts and materials experts was very good with the percentages of 80.6% and 99.4%, respectively. The result of the teacher's response was 81.4% with a very good category and readability by students on a small and large scale respectively 88% and 82.7%. Based on this assessment, it shows that the module with this preparation was suitable for use as teaching material by teachers in biology learning activities on the structure and function of plant tissue.

Development of pteridophyte catarium (herbarium catalog) media in plantae materials for X graders of SMA Islam Batu

: Plantae material is one of the materials that requires a direct observation process to determine the characteristics, morphology, metagenesis, and benefits for the environment, especially in Pteridophyte material. So far, students only use textbooks and students have not been invited to learn with contextual learning objects. Thus, media is needed to facilitate direct observation and identification of plants. The purpose of this research is to produce learning media Pteridophyte catarium (Catalog Herbarium). This type of research is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model. The results showed that the quality of the product according to media experts was very feasible with an assessment percentage of 77.08%, as well as according to material experts who said it was very feasible with a 95% rating percentage. The results of the teacher's response were 79.16% and the results of readability by students on a small and large scale respectively were 76.5% and 81.16%, indicating very decent quality. It was concluded that the product in the form of Pteridophyte catarium learning media was very suitable to be used as a teacher's learning media in plantae biology learning activities.

Development of monopoly mite game as a health promotion media to increase knowledge and understanding about house dust mites in student boarding house

Student’s knowledge of house dust mite (TDR) is still limited as well as the learning media used are uncomplicated. However, aside from learning outcome, knowledge of environmental health and hygiene are ignored. This study aims to produce health promotion media and analyze the effectiveness. This type of study was conducted by Research and Development (R&D) modified model by Borg & Gall. Data were collected from material expert, media expert, and extensive trial (experiments) that involving 30 students of Biology education department who have taken parasitology courses. As data analysis uses paired t-test (paired sample t-test). The result of the Mite Game Monopoly health media promotion products shows the validation of media experts and material experts are categorized very well with percentages of 97% and 89%. The result of data analysis obtained a value P < 0.05 which means there is a significant difference in the average value of pretest and posttest, it shows an increase of knowledge and understanding of TDR between before and after using the Mite Game Monopoly media.

Developing learning supplement book of Cell Mitotic Division material for Junior High School students

Cell division is an abstract material for middle school students in which learning resources and supporting learning media are compulsory to use. This research and development aimed at developing learning supplement book of mitotic cell material for IX graders which eases them to identify cell division, particularly in mitotic phase. This study was developed based on ADDIE model which comprised of four stages (i.e. Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The validation test was conducted by teaching and learning material experts. The two stage tests were conducted in small and large trial groups. The qualitative and quantitative data gained were analyzed using percentage. The results showed that the percentage values were 86.2% (very feasible) for teaching material, 99.4% (very feasible) for learning material. The small-scale trial gained 87.8% (very feasible), meanwhile the large-scale test gained 88.3% (very feasible). In conclusion, the mitotic learning supplement book of cell division material for junior high school can be used as teaching material in classroom learning activities.

Development of comics as a learning media on human digestive system topic

The human digestive system is a difficult subject for high school students. The purpose of this research was to develop comics as a learning media on the human digestive system topic. The development of comics used the Sugiyono model which consists of the stages of identifying potentials and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, product revision, usage testing, and product revision. The participants involved in the product trial were seventh grade students of SMP Diponegoro and SMP Raden Fatah in Batu City. The data collection instruments used were validation sheets and test sheets. The results of the validation from content and media experts inform that comics were included in the appropriate category. The average of students' posttest results were always greater than the pretest, both on small-scale and large-scale trials. Student responses to comics were also categorized as very positive. In conclusion, the comics developed are effective and feasible to use.

Textbook on additives and addictive substances with a scientific-based approach, a research and development

Improving learning activities requires teaching materials that can accommodate students' scientific skills. This study aims to produce textbooks for additives and addictive substances with a scientific approach and analyze their validity and effectiveness. This research and development used the Borg & Gall model which consists of 10 steps. Products are validated by media experts and material experts. The product trial used a limited test with 15 students of seventh grade in junior high school. The validation results show that the product is valid and very good. Meanwhile, the results of the trial of student responses to the use of the average value of 89.13% and learning outcomes increased by 87%. Thus, the textbooks developed are very suitable for use in the learning process.