scholarly journals Anthropological approach to public policy - theoretical and methodological consideration

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Milos Rasic
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
New Material ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Reality ◽  
Source Of Information

This paper is dedicated to a phenomenon that in English is referred to as public policy, while in Serbian, it uses the term politike or javne politike. There is no universal or one-sided and straightforward definition of public policies. However, the authors agree that public policy research includes the study of decision-making processes and the results of their implementation - whether it is decisions of modern governments or other groups of individuals, institutions, etc. In modern society, public policies are an essential organizational concept that affects all areas of life - they are instruments for shaping socio-cultural reality. In the anthropological approach of public policies, there is a change in the research methodology and the material used as a source of information. Classical anthropological qualitative research is not possible here since it is crucial to capture events in several fields. Therefore, researchers propose a ?studying through? method where the power and networks of relationships between actors, institutions, and discourses in a given time and space, which arise when policy implementation begins, are monitored. When it comes to ?new? material, for the sake of researching public policies, anthropologists turn more to archival material, using various political documents - laws, strategies, recommendations, etc. In line with the above, this paper aims to present an anthropological approach to public policies, point out a different methodology of such research, and emphasize the importance of this anthropological field important for modern society.

scholarly journals Sustainability Indicators: Relevance, Public Policy Support and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Andre C. S. Batalhao ◽  
Denilson Teixeira ◽  
Maria de Fatima Martins ◽  
Hans Michael van Bellen ◽  
Adriana Cristina Ferreira Caldana
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Sustainability is a topic that has gained importance in several fields of knowledge, including the public, private and society spheres, based on the discussions that involve the definition of several public policies. Sustainability Indicators (SI) are metrics that seek to measure the level of sustainability and compile information for better decision-making concerning policies, programs, projects and actions related to sustainability. Demonstrated their relevance to public policies the SI appears as an essential tool for evaluating development goals as a sustainable proposal. In this way, this research aimed to discuss the main challenges and methodological limitations found in the use of SI, emphasizing the main fragilities identified in the literature. In methodological terms, the research has exploratory characteristics, supported by the mixed methods approach using a theoretical-empirical analysis, from the available literature on the subject and the methodologies used and the experience of researchers about the topic addressed. The main results demonstrated that Sustainability Indicators are tools that should be used to define, implement, evaluate and monitor public policies at all levels, considering the potentialities/weaknesses and priorities of each context.

The foundations of public policy analysis2

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-42
Author(s):  
Peter Knoepfel
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Public Policy Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rules Of The Game

This chapter revisits the foundations of public policy analysis as presented in our previous textbook of 2011 (Knoepfel et al., 2011): the definition of public policies (distinction between substantive and institutional policies), the rejected notion of public action, causality models, actor triangles and resources. It adds some new perspectives on the relation between actors (political-administrative actors, target groups and beneficiaries) and their resources. Finally, it brings some clarification to the topic of the institutions, which are considered as the ‘rules of the game’, and introduces a list of possession, behavioural and decisional rules that feature in the constitutional and private law of Switzerland. The majority of these rules can also be found in other democratic political systems.

scholarly journals Review of Artificial Intelligence Applied in Decision-Making Processes in Agricultural Public Policy

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Juan M. Sánchez ◽  
Juan P. Rodríguez ◽  
Helbert E. Espitia
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The objective of this article is to review how Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have helped the process of formulating agricultural public policies in the world. For this, a search process was carried out in the main scientific repositories finding different publications. The findings have shown that, first, the most commonly used AI tools are agent-based models, cellular automata, and genetic algorithms. Secondly, they have been utilized to determine land and water use, and agricultural production. In the end, the large usefulness that AI tools have in the process of formulating agricultural public policies is concluded.

scholarly journals The human rights-based approach in public policies: from institutionality to citizenship

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Jefferson Alexander Rodríguez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach

This article is a product of the research project "Public policies, citizenship and the human rights approach in the Norte de Santander Department" carried out as a public management project - social extension of the Comfanorte Higher Studies Foundation - FESC in the Public Management Specialization Program. The aim was to describe conceptual and methodological elements that would allow the proposal of foundations for the formulation of public policies with a long-term vision and a human rights-based approach for the Norte de Santander Department, with a scope that includes the identification of the problem, the definition of the population, the diagnosis and the action plan. To this end, from the qualitative approach, theoretical foundations were adopted to support the proposal under the protection of interdisciplinary information sources through interviews with public policy experts in the region. Finally, the importance of differential approaches in the formulation of public policy was recognized, since their specificity guarantees in a differential manner the satisfaction of the rights of the different population groups, as well as the transverse and incidental participation of the citizenry as necessary in all phases of the formulation, which is fundamental to the success of public policy.

scholarly journals Mínimo existencial ecológico e a judicialização das políticas públicas / Ecological existential minimum and the judicialization of public policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
José Fernando Vidal de Souza ◽  
Bárbara Ryukiti Sanomiya
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Legal Control ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Definition Of

RESUMO: O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o mínimo existencial ecológico e a judicialização das políticas públicas. Assim, por primeiro, analisa-se a dignidade da pessoa humana como base dos direitos fundamentais, bem como os direitos sociais como direitos fundamentais em sua formação e essência absoluta. A partir da análise dos direitos sociais chega-se ao conceito de mínimo existencial. Na sequência, após a delimitação conceitual das políticas públicas, examina-se o controle jurídico destas e a cláusula da “reserva do possível”. Depois, diante da crise ecológica atual e dos problemas ambientais enfrentados apresenta-se o conceito de mínimo existencial que, no entanto, deve ser ampliado. Por fim, formula-se o conceito de mínimo existencial ecológico, que deve ser delineado pelas políticas públicas no âmbito ambiental, sendo perfeitamente possível a sua discussão judicial, apesar de não estar contido em lei específica que o consagre. Palavras-chave: Direitos sociais fundamentais. Política Pública. Mínimo existencial. Mínimo existencial ecológico.  ABSTRACT: This article aims to analyze the ecological existential minimum and the judicialization of public policies. Thus, for first, analyzes the dignity of the human person as the basis of the fundamental rights and social rights as fundamental rights in their training and absolute essence. From the analysis of social rights comes to the concept of existential minimum. Following after the conceptual definition of public policies, examines the legal control of these and the clause of "reservation of the possible". Then, before the current ecological crisis and environmental problems faced presents the concept of existential minimum, however, it should be expanded. Finally, formulates the concept of ecological existential minimum, it should be outlined by public policies in the environmental area, it is quite possible your lawsuit, although not contained in a specific law that enshrines  Keywords: Basic social rights. Public policy. Minimum to exist. Minimum for an ecological existence. 

scholarly journals AI under great uncertainty: implications and decision strategies for public policy

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Great Uncertainty ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Uncertain Outcomes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Public Policy Decisions

AbstractDecisions where there is not enough information for a well-informed decision due to unidentified consequences, options, or undetermined demarcation of the decision problem are called decisions under great uncertainty. This paper argues that public policy decisions on how and if to implement decision-making processes based on machine learning and AI for public use are such decisions. Decisions on public policy on AI are uncertain due to three features specific to the current landscape of AI, namely (i) the vagueness of the definition of AI, (ii) uncertain outcomes of AI implementations and (iii) pacing problems. Given that many potential applications of AI in the public sector concern functions central to the public sphere, decisions on the implementation of such applications are particularly sensitive. Therefore, it is suggested that public policy-makers and decision-makers in the public sector can adopt strategies from the argumentative approach in decision theory to mitigate the established great uncertainty. In particular, the notions of framing and temporal strategies are considered.

KEBIJAKAN POLITIK KERUKUNAN ANTARAGAMA DI INDONESIA ERA REFORMASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Reality

Indonesian reformation era begins with the fall of President Suharto. Political transition and democratic transition impact in the religious life. Therefore, understandably, when the politic transition is not yet fully reflects the idealized conditions. In addition to the old paradigm that is still attached to the brain of policy makers, various policies to mirror the complexity of stuttering ruler to answer the challenges of religious life. This challenge cannot be separated from the hegemonic legacy of the past, including the politicization of SARA. Hegemony that took place during the New Order period, adversely affected the subsequent transition period. It seems among other things, with airings various conflicts nuances SARA previously muted, forced repressive. SARA issues arise as a result of the narrowing of the accommodation space of the nation state during the New Order regime. The New Order regime has reduced the definition of nation-states is only part of a group of people loyal to the government to deny the diversity of socio-cultural reality in it. To handle the inheritance, every regime in the reform era responds with a pattern and a different approach. It must be realized, that the post-reform era, Indonesia has had four changes of government. The leaders of every regime in the reform era have a different background and thus also have a vision that is different in treating the problem of racial intolerance, particularly against religious aspect. This treatment causes the accomplishment difference each different regimes of dealing with the diversity of race, religion and class that has become the hallmark of Indonesian society.

Design as an Agent for Public Policy Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico VAZ ◽  
Sharon PRENDEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Policy Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dependent Activity ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Context Dependent

Described as units developing public policies in a design-oriented manner, Policy Labs are tasked to innovate to gain in policy effectiveness and efficiency. However, as public policymaking is a context-dependent activity, the way in which these novel organisations operate significantly differs. This study discusses the emergence of design approaches for policy innovation. The purpose is to map how Policy Labs in Europe introduce design approaches at distinct stages of the policymaking cycle. For this study, 30 organisations in Europe operating at various levels of government were surveyed. Based on the public policymaking process model, it investigates which design methods are Policy Labs deploying to innovate public policies. The study exposed a gap in the awareness of the utilised methods' nature. It also showed that the use of design methods is of less importance than the introduction of design mindsets for public policy innovation, namely ‘user-centredness’, ‘co-creation’, and ‘exploration’.

Tacit Knowledge Management at the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omwoyo Bosire Onyancha ◽  
Gladys Njeri Mungai ◽  
Henry Nyabuto Kemoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Intangible Asset ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Public Policy Research ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Tacit Knowledge Sharing

Tacit knowledge is seen as difficult to be shared in an organisation owing to its intuitive, versatile and practice-based nature. Consequently, tacit knowledge is not well-understood or valued in most organisations and more so in public institutions. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) manages tacit knowledge as an intangible asset and also to recommend a framework or model for the management of tacit knowledge for a competitive advantage and development at the KIPPRA. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, with interviews and observation methods constituting the primary data collection methods. The study targeted 60 employees of KIPPRA consisting of researchers, young professionals, heads of divisions, a knowledge manager and administrative staff. The qualitative data collected were organised, categorised and reported verbatim. Among the key findings were that KIPPRA has the capacity for tacit knowledge sharing, capture, transfer and storage that have not been capitalised on. Further, employees experience challenges such as the identification and understanding of tacit knowledge, access to tacit knowledge sharing platforms, access to expertise with specific tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge hoarding, individualism, and ICT-related challenges in accessing tacit knowledge. Finally, the study recommends the adoption of a proposed framework for managing tacit knowledge at the KIPPRA.

Compliance and Conflict of Value in Public Policy Implementation: Comparison between the New Order and the Reformation Era

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwiyanto Indiahono ◽  
Erwan Purwanto ◽  
Agus Pramusinto
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Public Policy Implementation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conflict Of Value ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to examine differences in the relationship of bureaucratic and political officials during the New Order (Soeharto’s era) and the Reformation (post-Soeharto) era within the arena of public policy implementation. This is a matter of importance given that there is a change in relations between the two from integration in the New Order to bureaucratic impartiality in the Reformation Era. This study attempts to answer the question: How were the relations of bureaucratic and political officials in the implementation of local level public policy during the New Order and the Reformation Era? A qualitative research has been conducted in Tegal Municipality using the following data collection techniques: interview, focus group discussion, documentation, and observation. Tegal Municipality was selected as the study location because of the unique relationship shown between the mayor and the bureaucracy. Its uniqueness lies in the emergence of bureaucratic officials who dare to oppose political officials, based on their convictions that bureaucratic/public values should be maintained even if it means having to be in direct conflict with political officials. This research indicates that the relationship between bureaucratic and political officials in the arena of local level policy implementation during the New Order was characterized as being full of pressure and compliance, whereas during the Reformation Era bureaucrats have the audacity to hinder policy implementation. Such audacity to thwart policies is considered to have developed from a stance that aims to protect public budget and values in policies. The occurring conflict of values here demonstrates a dichotomy of political and bureaucratic officials that is different from the prevailing definition of politics-administration dichotomy introduced at the onset of Public Administration studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document