THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN FOSTERING CHARACTER EDUCATION IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS: KI HADJAR DEWANTARA’S PERSPECTIVES

To foster character education in Indonesia, research on the role of social capital has become an urgent issue because character crisis is one of the growing concerns and recent stunning news stakes. National identity crises have shown anti-cultural behavior, anti-character, and less use of domestic social capital blatantly. This research aims to describe the role of social capital that determines the implementation of character education through Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s perspectives. This qualitative research was designed as a case study using purposive sampling with individual resources such as headmaster, teacher, student representatives, school committee, parents, foundation management, and school supervisor. This research was conducted at Tamansiswa Primary School, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from November 2017 to January 2018. The research result shows that the social capital role determines the implementation of character education, and in Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s perspective, character education has been applied in all learning processes. Both intra-curricular and extracurricular activities support the school culture, and the family system is an integral part of habituation and exemplary character inculcation at school, family, and societal levels through mutual love, respect, assistance, and help. The obliged elements of social capital in embodying character education are trust, norm, and network.

DEVELOPING THEMATIC LEARNING MODULE BASED ON ETHNOSCIENCE ORIENTED OUTDOOR LEARNING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING OUTCOMES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

The difficulty of students to understand science concepts in thematic learning requires innovation of the appropriate teaching materials. Meanwhile, the existence of salt ponds around students can be used as oriented outdoor learning. Therefore, this study aims to develop ethnoscience-based thematic modules implemented through outdoor learning strategies. The subjects were 40 grade VI students at Public Elementary School (or called SDN) Padelegan Pamekasan with different academic abilities and gender. The test results of learning data validity and effectiveness of modules were obtained through observation sheet instruments and questionnaires. According to the results, (1) validity modules were in the valid category, based on assessment of material and learning design experts, (2) the module’s effectiveness is in the effective category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the module strategy is worth using and improving science understanding for thematic learning in elementary schools.

FOSTERING THE ALPHA GENERATION: A CHARACTER EDUCATION BASED ON JAVANESE UNGGAH UNGGUH (ETIQUETTE) CULTURE IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH

This paper portrays the implementation of character education based on Javanese unggah-ungguh (etiquette) in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Karanganyar, using 24 students from 5th-grade who were mentioned as the alpha generation in 2020. Generally, this generation refers to children born after 2010 in this digital era. The unggah-ungguh is one of the Indonesian ancestral heritages that must be preserved, as though it may originate from Java, it strongly represents the culture of the country’s society. Six (6) characters of Javanese unggah-ungguh were used in this research as indicators, which are tata krama (manners), lembah manah (relent), andhap asor (humility), tepa slira (tolerance), grapyak (friendliness), and ewuh-pekewuh (reluctance). This study was descriptive qualitative research that focused on observing the realization of character education based on this culture, using observation, interview, survey, and documentation as the data collection instruments. As reviewed from the affective theory of Krathwohl Taxonomy, the education character based on Javanese unggah-ungguh has influenced three-component domains of affective attitudes, which are in the level of receiving or attending, responding, and valuing. Lastly, the result showed that implementing character education based on this culture has truly shaped a better personality for students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Karanganyar as the alpha generation.

NON-VIOLENT ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: CHILD-FRIENDLY SCHOOLS IN INCLUSIVE CLASSES DURING THE COVID PANDEMIC

The rise of child abuse cases in Indonesia has demanded the school to implement an anti-violence policy. Thus, the inclusion school of MI Amanah has implemented an anti-violence policy as an implementation form of the Child-Friendly School program. The objective of this research was to describe the implementation of the anti-violence policy during the learning process in the inclusion class as an embodiment of a child-friendly school in MI Amanah, Malang District. This research exerted a qualitative approach; the research data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation; the data were then analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The research location was at MI Amanah, Turen Sub-district, Malang District. The research was conducted from August to December 2020 by employing the foundation's president, principal, and teachers as the research subjects. The research finding indicated that implementing an anti-violence policy in student learning was covered in planning, implementation, and assessment. The learning planning was conducted by designing and organizing the learning materials without ignoring the child specificity; also allocating play, time, and rest. The learning implementation was to use polite greetings, put forward a psychological approach and positive discipline, make study groups in the inclusion class, care for students when they got through learning difficulties, raise tolerance environment, and provide worship and sleeping time. The learning assessment was done objectively by featuring authentic assessment; the assessment should be employed without comparing; the assessment regards the student's potential and skill.

THE EFFECT OF SNAKE AND LADDER GAME ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN STUDYING OF ISLAMIC HISTORY “FATHU MECCA” AT THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MUHAMMADIYAH, NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

This study examines the effect of the snake and ladder game on Islamic history Fathu Mecca learning outcomes based on observations at the SD (Elementary School) Muhammadiyah in Indonesia. Students have been shown to acquire standard competency through the study of Islamic history. This course is very important to build a strong Muslim identity, especially in Islamic School Muhammadiyah. Meanwhile, the snake and ladder game has been used by several educators in the teaching and learning process. This game positively influences students’ learning outcomes. Therefore, the authors developed and integrated Islamic history into the snake and ladder game board. This research was a quantitative study conducted on 60 fifth-grade students divided into experiment and control classes. Furthermore, the data were collected using observation, interview, and t-test hypotheses. The results showed that the snake and ladder game positively affects students’ learning outcomes in studying Islamic history. Based on the result, this game provides opportunities for students to explore, identify, practice, and understand concepts. The teachers are expected to encourage students to develop skills for discovering knowledge through an inspiring and fun learning atmosphere.

DEVELOPING “BEBERAN” GAME BOARD AS AN INNOVATIVE MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS OF ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

This study aimed to develop a “Beberan” game board as a practical, efficient, and innovative media to improve students’ speaking skills. It was carried out using the research and development method by applying Borg, Gall, and Sugiyono theories. Furthermore, it involved seven steps: analysis, designing product, preliminary test, experts’ judgments, product revisions, field test, and final product of media. A total of 30 students of the pre-service teacher study program of the Islamic elementary education, Al-Anwar Islamic College, were the subjects. The instruments used were observation, interview, and test. Based on the data obtained, the results showed that developing the “Beberan” game board as an innovative media improved students’ speaking skills at the beginner level. This improvement was observed in the result obtained from the pre-test and post-test scores, which increased from 67.867 to 72.133.

UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF SPUR DIMENSIONS REVIEWED BY THE TERMS OF GENDER DIFFERENCES AND ABILITY CATEGORIZED BY STUDENTS AT MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH

These gender differences and abilities categorized by students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah can understand the concept of SPUR dimension fractions (Skills, Property, Uses, and Representation) that is the focus of this study. Presently, it is to answer the study's neediness about gender differences in math performance recommended by the previous studies. To offer the novelty about the measurement of conceptual understanding in four dimensions because one dimension is not relevant to describe students' understanding comprehensively and deeply of mathematical concepts. This study was a qualitative descriptive that relies on the analysis of test participants' answers; it consists of three male students and three female students representing the high, medium, and low ability categories at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah of Indramayu Regency. The students' participant is determined by purposive sampling. The analysis of the test participants' answers demonstrated the ability to understand the concept of fractions in the SPUR dimension of equality between male and female students in the same ability category. However, the students at every level of ability to achieve a different dimension. Male and female students in the high category achieved the dimensions of skills and property. Male and female students in the medium and low categories achieved skills. High-ability students and the medium category experienced an integer bias error using the integer property infractions. They perform arithmetic operations in the numerator and denominator separately as if they were independent integers. For this reason, students need to develop an understanding of concepts, especially on the dimensions of fraction properties, applications, and their representations, without being influenced by gender stereotypes. This development of understanding can be done through SPUR dimensional exercises that avoid gender bias, and teachers establish communication mathematics teaching in the classroom to engage students in both men and women

HOME LEARNING PATTERN FOR INDONESIAN ELEMENTARY STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Changes in educational arrangements due to Covid-19 have led to new system adjustments for all elements, especially parents. This study aims to determine the learning patterns at home for elementary school students during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study employed qualitative research methods. The approach used was a case study that was performed in the researcher's home environment. Participants consisted of six people and six schools. The data collection technique used a focus group discussion (FGD) with discussion guidelines. The research procedure employed the Creswell model. Data analysis was conducted with the Atlas.ti software version 8. This study observed learning patterns at home during the Covid-19 pandemic, which was by having indicators comprising of convenience place, parental assistance, activity, effective learning, and anticipate problems.

THE ROLE OF INFAQ IN BASIC EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE ACEH COMMUNITY

After the tsunami disaster and Aceh political reconciliation, awareness of education’s importance began spreading to the villages. The awareness creation process is preferable because the prominent supporters of this effort are the people only. At the same time, the Indonesian government’s role is also active in gaining a positive image in the province. Therefore, this paper investigated the level of community awareness in setting aside a portion of the members’ income to build elementary schools, pay teacher salaries, and meet other educational needs. The result showed that the community movements were not positively correlated with management and awareness-raising and the general donation movement in Aceh. Besides, community education empowerment has been fast considering various possible future challenges to be encountered. Nevertheless, the targeted awareness has not been accompanied by public attention towards building higher-quality educational facilities and infrastructure

ANALYSIS OF PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING FROM HOME STRATEGIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN PRIVATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The impact of the COVID-19 virus is so significant. Efforts have been taken to handle the impacts on various fields, including in-field education. The Indonesian government has established three policies in education, one of which is learning from home. This article analyzes the planning, implementation, assessment of learning from home strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in private elementary schools. The research was conducted qualitatively, and the type of research was descriptive. The instruments of this research were interviews, indirect observations, and documentation studies. The research subjects were two principals, two teachers, two students, two guardians of students from each elementary school, i.e., Muhammadiyah 9 Elementary School and Bani Hasyim Islamic Elementary school, both in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Among the research subjects, the Principal of each school is the key informant in this study. The results of the analysis show that the lesson planning already includes the use of lesson plans. However, communication with students and parents is done through PANDAWA applications and daily learning scenarios, which contain materials, teaching materials, LKPD, and assessment questions. The implementation of learning is carried out synchronously and asynchronously. The learning assessment is conducted by sending questions using various applications such as Edmodo, Quilgo, Google Classroom, and the PANDAWA website. Various forms of innovation in learning services while learning from home are key parts in improving the quality of private elementary schools.