Implementation of the «Single Text Day» campaign in rural and urban schools of the Yaroslavl region

The implementation of the requirements of the federal state educational standards of primary general, basic general and secondary general education makes its ownadjustments to the educational process. Today, the formation of metasubject skills, universal educational actions that allow modern schoolchildren to quickly adapt to changing conditions, is becoming valuable. One of these skills is to find, interpret, and evaluate information. An analysis of international studies such as PISA shows that the formation of reading competence among Russian fifteen-year-olds is low. This is due to the fact that schools have weak systematic work with information (for example, there is no work with electronic texts or there is work only with solid texts). To this can be added the disunity of school subjects: each teacher in their professional activities uses their own set of methods and techniques to form the reading literacy of students. The search for technologies and teaching methods aimed at consolidating the efforts of teachers of different academic subjects led to the development of the «Single Text Day» technology and to the «Single Text Day» campaign, the features of which are described in this article. The main goal of the Campaign is the formation and development of schoolchildren’s reading literacy. The article consistently reveals the stages of preparation for the Day of a single Text: from the list of planned results, the description of the subtleties in the selection of the text to the features of the final work to the ways of adapting ready-made materials. It also analyzes the perception of the Day of a single Text by students and teachers who participated in the Campaign.

Comfort of the educational process in rural school study results

As our theoretical analysis has shown, the relevance of the study is determined by the importance of rural schools in the education system both in Russia and in the world. Despite thedifferences in the policies of states towards rural schools, similar didactic difficulties for teachers both in Russia and abroad have been identified. The purpose of the article is to describe the results of a study of educational process comfort ina rural school, which was attended by teachers, students and their parents (more than 3000 in total) from 10 regions of Russia. The main research methods were the collection of an array of empirical data based on questionnaires and their theoretical interpretation. The article contains an analysis of data on an educational lesson in rural school as a marker of the psychological comfort of education according to the following parameters: lesson density; the emotional background of the training session; the use of technical teaching aids in the classroom; frequency of rotation of activities types, methods and techniques of teaching. Despite the positive data obtained on the psychological comfort of the educational process in rural school, in the course of the study, problems were found out and identified, the failure of which in the context of the digital transformation of education creates the danger of losing the designated positions. The article substantiates and reveals the substantive, technological, communicative aspects of the formation of the psychological comfort of the educational process in rural school as vectors of transformation of the characteristics of the educational process of rural school in accordance with the trends and challenges of the time. The article will be useful for working teachers, as well as researchers dealing with the modernization of the educational process in educational institutions of the village, graduate students, undergraduates and students of the training directions «Pedagogical Education».

School Museum as a means of achieving educational results of students

The presented article discloses the activities of the Museum of History and Local Lore of the Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution of Secondary School No. 16 of Kazminskoye village of the Kochubeevsky Municipal District of the Stavropol Territory from the standpoint of ensuring that students achieve the results of mastering the basic educational program. The educational function is considered as the main function of the school museum, which is realized through the technologies of museum pedagogy, which are based on the system-activity approach to teaching, which is the methodological basis of federal state educational standards of general education, which, according to the authors, determines the role of the museum as an effective means achieving educational results of students, reflected in the Federal State Educational Standards of General Education. The authors emphasize that the educational and up-bringing influence of the museum on students is manifested in the process of their direct participation in the implementation of various areas of museum activities. The article reveals the structure of management and external relations, provides examples of expanding the educational space of the school by means of the school museum. Considering the project and research activities of students as the main tool for achieving meta-subject results of mastering the main educational program, the authors demonstrate, with specific examples, the mechanisms of providing the museum with opportunities for students to acquire successful experience in project and research activities. At the same time, the participation of schoolchildren in olympiads, competitions, scientific conferences, festivals, gatherings is considered as a means of external assessment of the level of achievement of the results of mastering the basic educational program and an element of the individual «portfolio of achievements». The article tells about the organization of research work, exhibition activities, reveals the mechanisms of activating the processesof acceptance and implementation of the values of a healthy lifestyle by students, the need for sports and recreational activities by means of tourism and local lore activities, publishing activities are considered from the standpoint of the formation of skills to use information and communication technologies

Teachers' understanding of motivation peculiarities in modern rural adolescents’ educational activities

Motivation for educational activities of adolescent age students is priority and one of the most difficult tasks of modern school. Low motivation for learning activities is associated with a number of negative trends: a decrease in cognitive activity and a slowdown in mental development, the appearance of negative motivation for social behavior, and a decrease in learning indicators. At the same time, positive motivation is a factor of psycho-social development, individualization and successful professionalization. This publication presents the experience of studying the motivation of adolescent students in the framework of the regional project «Improving the quality of education in schools with low learning outcomes and in schools operating in unfavorable social conditions» in the Yaroslavl region, the operator of which was the Institute for Education Development. On a representative sample of students in 6-9 grades at schools with low learning outcomes and functioning in difficult social conditions (n=1861), it is shown that students have a multivariate motivation to learn. At the same time, teachers state the predominance of low motivation to learn, which suggests a low congruence of ideas about motivation among various participants in the educational process and the need to develop and test a set of measures of psychological and pedagogical support that allows you to compensate for the identified contradictions. There were no significant differences in the level of motivation of adolescents in urban and rural schools, as well as in schools with low learning outcomes and functioning in difficult social conditions. There were significant differences between girls and boys in the motivation for learning activities, which is higher in boys. The resulting gender differences should be taken into account when implementing motivation both in an individual form, and when developing programs for the development and maintenance of internal educational motivation of students by teachers and parents.

Pedagogical technologies of career guidance for children and youth of the Republic of Belarus studying in additional education

The article presents the experience of implementing a cyclical educational and vocational guidance project that integrates pedagogical, methodological and socio-cultural resources of additional education for children and youth, institutions of general secondary and vocational education into a complex pedagogical technology of forming a conscious professional choice and motivating professional development. The project presented in this work is the development of the teaching staff of Minsk State Palace of Children and Youth (Republic of Belarus). The peculiarity of the pedagogical approach when developing a project is that it is designed as a modern pedagogical technology of a modular type. The project is addressed to two target groups of participants: the first group is students of institutions of general secondary education, gymnasiums, lyceums, students at the III stage (high school), for whom the situation of professional choice is relevant; the second target group is primary school students of vocational and secondary specialized education institutions. The pedagogical influence on the participants of this target group is aimed at increasing the stability of professional choice, expanding the ideas of student youth about the possibilities of the chosen profession for creative self-realization and the manifestation of business initiative. Ultimately, the expected social effect from the implementation of the project is associated, firstly, with a reasoned motivated choice of an educational and professional strategy and, secondly, with the formation of motivation for professional development and consolidation of promising personnel in the chosen professional field. Cultural, educational and methodological means, which provide the content and activity component of the educational and vocational guidance project, reflect the innovative process of practical solution of strategic and tactical tasks stipulated by the Concept for the development of vocational guidance of youth in the Republic of Belarus. Additional education for children and youth is an integrating factor in the development of career guidance potential of the unified educational system of the capital region of the Republic of Belarus.

Introduction of a regional mechanism for organizing the system of rural schoolchildren’s social practices on the example of the Kostroma region

Using the example of the Kostroma region, one of the regions of the Russian province, where about 66 % of educational organizations are located in rural areas, the article presents the regional system of social practices of village schoolchildren as a condition for the development of children's abilities and upbringing of a socially responsible person. The relevance of systematic work in this direction is due to the fact that additional education of children in the Russian province should become such an influence factor for the child that will raise him to a new level of development, ensuring positive socialization and personal growth. The analysis of the work of additional education institutions in the Kostroma region allowed us to identify the following features of additional education in rural areas: Preservation and development of the historically formed close relationship between additional education of children and rural life in the region; the activities of additional education institutions have a huge cultural impact on the spiritual and moral state of rural communities, the development of the social life of the population in settlements and villages; there are great opportunities for interaction between children and adults, which contributes to the joint solution of urgent problems of the village; for many rural schoolchildren, it is the countryside, its nature, history and culture of their native land that serves as a source of creative forces, material for research and transformation. The components of the regional system of social practices of rural schoolchildren are models of additional education: «Integration», «Network interaction», «Distant studying», «Additional education based on school», «Profile training», «Project», «Active events». The introduction of a regional mechanism of organizing the system of social practices and tests of village schoolchildren contributes to the active process of preparing village students for independent life in the modern dynamic world.

Rural school vs low learning outcomes

The article reflects the regional approaches developed by the author when working with rural schools with low educational results. Special attention is paid to rural schoolsthat are moving into an effective development mode. For rural schools as one of the open self-organizing systems, from the point of view of the synergetic approach, it is necessary to determine the resonant factors that will allow managers of various levels to build effective work. Mentoring is one of these factors that has significant potential. It is considered as an integral part of the regional system, the principles of which apply to the relevant management levels – regional, municipal and educational organization level. This article describes the management model of transferring educational organizations with consistently low educational results to an effective mode, which was finalized in 2020, and which corresponds to system-wide regional approaches and principles, and includes the implementation of mentoring levels. This model describes an original «Strategic system of interaction between the main subjects of mentoring activities in the transition to an effective development mode», which allows us to determine the most important areas of interaction between a rural school that is moving to an effective development mode and a partner school. Special attention is paid to the recommendations that are given at the level of the educational space of the region to schools participating in both regional and federal projects. The described approaches have been used in rural schools in the Ryazan Region since 2020. According to a number of background indicators, all ten rural schools that are switching to an effective development mode have showed positive dynamics.

Psychological comfort of education in modern rural school: results of empirical research (on the example of the Kirov region)

Currently, rural school faces many difficulties both within its system and outside (unfavorable challenges of the external society), which complicate the organization of the educational process. Accordingly, the atmosphere of psychological comfort for all subjects of educational activity in rural schools decreases. The purpose of the study is to diagnose, record and describe the state of psychological comfort in the education of a modern rural school. The leading method for collecting primary empirical information was the survey method conducted in the format of a Google questionnaire (a questionnaire for representatives of the administration of an educational organization; a questionnaire for a teacher; a questionnaire for primary and high school students; a questionnaire for parents). In the Kirov region, rural and urban schools participated in the study: totally 338 responses to the questionnaire were received, of which 144 are students, 111 parents, 71 teachers and 12 administrations. The article presents the author's interpretation of the concept «psychological comfort of education in rural school». The diagnostics was carried out and the integral coefficient of psychological comfort of education in rural school was determined, measured in three directions: an integral indicator of the attitude to the educational environment; selection of significant characteristics of the educational environment and the index of satisfaction with them; index of psychological safety of the educational environment of the school. In general, the integral coefficient is characterized by a high level. The materials of the article can be used to diagnose the psychological comfort of the both urban and rural schools. Further research will be aimed at developing a concept and defining pedagogical mechanisms for improving the characteristics of the psychological comfort of education in rural schools.

Prerequisites for continuing education of rural teachers in the history of Russian education at the stage of formation of rural schools and rural teaching

The article presents the results of a historical and pedagogical study of the theory and practice of the formation and development of education in rural areas of Russia, in the focus of which there is the continuous education of a rural teacher. The time frame of the analysis is limited to the XIX – early XX centuries, covers the period of the emergence of rural schools as an educational institution and rural teachers as a special category of teaching staff. The analysis revealed: the essential provisions and characteristics of lifelong education in an interpretation adequate to modern pedagogical science; content, methods and forms of continuing education; suggestions of educators, expressed in the form of recommendations as potential for implementation in the present and in the future. The study has found out that the Russian pedagogical heritage includes: stages (preprofessional, professional, postgraduate) and types (formal, non-formal, informal) of lifelong education; the origins of ensuring continuity and consistency between them, integrative and practice-oriented approaches to teacher education. The prerequisites for the network organization of educational space, models of pedagogical institutions and organizations, academic mobility of students and teachers, formats of non-formal and informal continuous education of rural teachers and other harbingers of current trends are fixed.

Managing the development of psychologically comfortable and safe educational environment

In the article, the authors consider the issues of managing the development of psychologically comfortable and safe educational environment in rural school. During the discussion of this problem at the All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation «Formation of a psychologically comfortable and safe educational environment in rural school», held in Yaroslavl, management issues were raised in the format of a traditional section, as well as a problem group. Discussion of the management aspects of the educational environment development in rural school was carried out in the form of a foresight session, a Google survey. It was concluded that it is necessary to design the educational environment at three levels of management: regional, municipal and at the level of rural schools. The article notes the importance of creating educational environment to increase the availability and quality of education, to ensure psychologically comfortable and safe life in the village as a whole, since virtually the entire population of rural areas passes through the education system. The participants in the discussion recognized the importance of combining the efforts of government authorities, teachers, parents and other participants in educational relations in the formation and development of the educational environment of rural school and their interaction, taking into account mutual interests. At each of the management levels unified management approaches can be developed: a concept for the development of the educational environment, a strategy for the implementation of the Program, model local acts, methodological recommendations, personnel and financial support for innovative processes. The authors of the article note that the conference participants proposed ways to improve the efficiency of management activities for the development of the educational environment.