What is the accuracy of symptom screening and elicitation of information about travel history and exposure to a known infected person for diagnosing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Burch ◽  
Smitha Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Symptom Screening

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Epidemic Characteristics in Jining City, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Cui Kong ◽  
Jiang Yu ◽  
Yizhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
History Of

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome has spread to hundreds of countries and infected millions of people, causing more than a hundred thousand deaths. This study aimed to describe the epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission in a city in China.Methods: This was a descriptive study on retrospective data collected from January to February 2020 from reports issued by the authority of Jining City, China, including data on travel history, transmission, gender, and age of infected persons. Results: During the period January and February 2020, 52 cases were confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 infections with more than half were males (n=32, 61.5%) and and in the age grup of 31–50 yars old (53.8%). The modes of transmission were mostly primary infections (n=23) and a history of travel to and from outside of Shandong Province (n=14). Interestingly, the infection was the 4th transmission and most primary infectious persons did not transmit the virus to others.Conclusions: The key characters of infected people in Jining City in early epidemic time with the exception of exogenous inputs are male gender, city dweller, and middle-aged people of 31–50 years old. There is a restricted transmission in Jining City of China at the early phrase of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, indicating that the strategy for the fight against SARS-CoV-2 is effective to some extent and worth to be learned by the members of the global village. This strategy includes actions such as home isolation, collective centralized quarantine, social distancing, and face mask use.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Variant of Concern (20J/501Y.V3) from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Murshed Hasan Sarkar ◽  
Mohammad Fazle Alam Rabbi ◽  
Shahina Akter ◽  
Tanjina Akhtar Banu ◽  
Barna Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Swab Specimen

This study reports the coding-complete genome sequence, with variant identifications and phylogenetic analysis, of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) P.1 variant (20J/501Y.V3), obtained from an oropharyngeal swab specimen from a female Bangladeshi patient diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with no travel history.

scholarly journals Effect of the Demographic of Covid-19 on Different Countries; Using the USA for Comparism

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Oyepata Simeon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Many

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The virus that causes COVID-19 spreads mainly when an infected person is in close contact with another person. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of COVID-19 on different countries, using USA as comparism factor. Ninety four countries were selected based on their continents, countries and cases of infection. Data from each country were obtained from United Nations Geoscheme and WHO and were analyzed and compared to that of the United State of America (USA). Data analyzed revealed that most countries in Africa appears to be least affected by the virus. Data also revealed that many countries have been able to understand and manage the spread and infectivity of the virus compared to the USA. Result from the study also showed that the many countries have been able to improve on managing the infection when compared to USA mortality. This may be due to among other factors a more robust immune response, herd immunity and united approach in the management of the disease. The result also helps to provide insight as to how significant developing and providing vaccine may be to this part of the world. Result from the study suggests that while Africa has a better immunity for the virus, there seems to be improvement the management of disease by other continent.

scholarly journals Clinical features and outcomes of thoracic surgery patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-744
Author(s):  
María Salmerón Jiménez ◽  
Fátima Hermoso Alarza ◽  
Ivan Martínez Serna ◽  
Carmen Marrón Fernández ◽  
José Carlos Meneses Pardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Surgery Patient

Abstract OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to describe the clinical features and outcomes of thoracic surgery patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS Thirty-five patients were treated at the 12 de Octubre University Hospital in Madrid between 1 March 2020 and 24 April 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient demographics, surgical procedures, complications, COVID-19 symptoms and outcomes were recorded. A protocol was introduced to reduce the risk of operating on patients with COVID-19, including symptom screening, a polymerase chain reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and computed tomography scans of the chest. Surgical activity changed significantly during this time, from an initial period of near-normal activity, through an emergency-only period and finally a recovery period when some oncological surgical cases were restarted. Selection criteria for surgical patients are also described. RESULTS A total of 34 patients underwent surgery during the pandemic period. We performed 22 lung resections (11 lobectomies and 11 sublobar resections). No hospital deaths were recorded. An elective surgery patient and an emergency surgery patient were diagnosed with COVID-19 (5.88%). The former died within 30 days after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 represents a tremendous limitation for thoracic surgical practice. Preoperative practices to exclude asymptomatic cases infected with the virus allowed us to perform thoracic surgical procedures.

The Source and Transmission of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1782-1786
Author(s):  
Chetan Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Travel History ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Affected Country

SARS-CoV-2 is recognized as a public health concern by WHO & declared it as a pandemic on 11th of March 2020. Over 4,43,03,684 people affected with the death of 11,72,955 worldwide till 28 of October 2020. The most affected country is the USA with a total no. Affected case of 90,39,170 then INDIA with a 7,99,03,222 no. of cases and death of 1,20,054 people. SARS-CoV-2 thought to commonly spread via respiratory droplets from an infected person form during talking, coughing, sneezing, etc. Several cases are found without a travel history to affected area leading to a strong possibility of community transmission. Transmission can be divided into two parts. Direct through airway droplets (respiratory droplets), through body fluid and secretions ex. Saliva, faeces, tears etc. and mother to child (ex. Breastfeeding). Indirect fomites or surfaces (objects which get infected by the patient) or objects which are uses for a checkup of an infected person. A significant number of these modes found or unfamiliar with evidence are neglected, thus is requires to specify and delineate them. Despite the fact that the writing could conceivably make reference to these courses, it is essential to underscore them as it might help in avoidance and treatment.

scholarly journals Reports of Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Five 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Strains Isolated in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Imran Khan ◽  
Kazi Nadim Hasan ◽  
Abu Sufian ◽  
M. Bayejid Hosen ◽  
Mohammed Nafiz Imtiaz Polol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

ABSTRACT This study determined five coding-complete genome sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains isolated from oropharyngeal swab specimens of Bangladeshi patients who were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and had no travel history.

scholarly journals Identification of a SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B1.1.7 Virus in New York following Return Travel from the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo C. Caserta ◽  
Patrick K. Mitchell ◽  
Elizabeth Plocharczyk ◽  
Diego G. Diel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
The United Kingdom

ABSTRACT Here, we report the identification and coding-complete genome sequence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain (NYI.B1-7.01-21) obtained from a patient with symptoms of COVID-19 who had a recent travel history to the United Kingdom. The sample was tested by the Cayuga Health Systems laboratory as part of New York State’s travel testing guidance and was sequenced at Cornell University after testing positive.

scholarly journals Gambaran Faktor Risiko pada Wanita Hamil Trimester 3 yang Terkonfirmasi Positif SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia S. Posumah ◽  
Mayer F. Wowor ◽  
Glady I. Rambert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Travel History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are several groups that are susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2, one of which is pregnant women. This can be attributed to changes in the physiology and immune system that occur in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the most risk factors that cause pregnant women in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou was infected with SARS-CoV-2. This type of research is descriptive with a retrospective approach, using secondary data in the form of data from the patient's medical record status. From 5 patients studied, there were 4 patients with risk factors for hypertension (80%) and 1 patient with close contact risk factors (20%), but other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, travel history in transmission areas, obesity and smoking are not found. In conclusion, from 5 patients studied, the most risk factor that causes pregnant women in the third trimester to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 is hypertension (80%).Keywords: 3rd trimester pregnant women, SARS-CoV-2, risk factor  Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Terdapat beberapa kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2, salah satunya wanita hamil. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan perubahan fisiologi dan sistem imunitas tubuh yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif, yaitu menggunakan data sekunder berupa data dari status rekam medik pasien. Dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, didapatkan 4 pasien dengan faktor risiko hipertensi (80%) dan 1 pasien dengan faktor risiko kontak erat (20%), namun pada faktor risiko lain seperti diabetes melitus, riwayat perjalanan di daerah transmisi, obesitas dan merokok tidak ditemukan. Sebagai simpulan, dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil trimester 3 terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 adalah hipertensi (80%).Kata Kunci: wanita hamil trimester 3, SARS-CoV-2, faktor risiko

scholarly journals COVID-19 REVIEW ON THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE DRUGS USED FOR COVID-19 OUTBREAK

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Noor Ul ain
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Reduce Mortality Rate ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
Viral Infectious Disease

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The recent global health threat is the outbreak of a viral infectious disease caused by SARS-COV2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus). The origin of this outbreak is from the animal market in Wuhan, China. So, it is considered as zoonotic in origin as its mode of transmission is from animals to human. This outbreak is similar to previous outbreaks of coronavirus like SARS-COV (Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome) and MERS-COV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). Until now different pharmacological drugs have been used to mitigate the symptoms of the COVID-19 throughout the world. There is no specific medication prescribed as the treatment of this disease. However, pharmacological drugs and immune boosting dietary therapies have been proved effective in treatment strategies. METHODOLOGY: The latest epidemiological articles, research articles, review articles, WHO guidelines and news proceedings are selected in this review. Articles were searched under the keyword search of COVID-19, drugs for COVID-19, latest COVID-19 research, surveys for covid-19. PubMed, Lancet, Elsevier, BMJ and CDC were used to accumulate the latest findings. RESULTS: There is no vaccine or other proper treatment available for this infectious disease but the symptomatic treatment is usually given to the infected person as the use of certain pharmacological as well as traditional drugs are given to reduce the symptoms associated with this disease. Furthermore, COVID-19 serious patients on ventilator are treated with the plasma therapy as with the antibiotics from the plasma of recovered patients is also in use to reduce mortality rate.  CONCLUSION: To prevent this infectious disease it is important to avoid the person-to-person transmission which is mainly via coughing, sneezing, droplets of the respiration, direct contact with the infected person. So, the social distancing and self-quarantine is preferred to avoid the spread of this infectious disease. The drugs which are commonly used to reduce or eliminate the symptoms of COVID-19 are Paracetamol, Aspirin/Loprin, Dabigatran, Azithromycin, Famotidine, Ipratopium bromide, Dexamethasone,Tocilizumab, and Moxifloxacin. These drugs have been practiced by the practitioners to treat the symptoms of covid-19. However no pertinent drug has been approved as a cure of covid-19.

scholarly journals The Role of Chest Computed Tomography in Asymptomatic Patients of Positive Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeton Shatri ◽  
Lirim Tafilaj ◽  
Agon Turkaj ◽  
Kreshnike Dedushi ◽  
Metë Shatri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing global health emergency. At present, patients are the primary source of infection. A randomly diagnosed confirmed case of COVID-19 highlights the importance of computerized tomography of thorax in diagnosing asymptomatic patients. In the early phase of COVID-19, routine screenings miss patients who are virus carriers, and tracking travel history is of paramount importance to early detection and isolation of SARS-CoV-2 cases.

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