The relation of personality types to physiological, behavioural, and cognitive processes

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hart ◽  
Debra Burock ◽  
Bonita London ◽  
Robert Atkins ◽  
Gloria Bonilla‐Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
Externalizing Behaviour ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Ambiguous Situations

Three personality types, labeled resilient, over‐controlled, and under‐controlled, were identified through cluster analysis of classroom observations of 63 children, and used to understand biological, cognitive, and behavioural processes that influence academic achievement and aggression. Resilient children were found to be high in trait cortisol and high in academic achievement. Under‐controlled and over‐controlled children showed the greatest change in cortisol levels under stress, low levels of academic achievement, and attributed hostility to others in ambiguous situations. Under‐controlled children also exhibited high levels of externalizing behaviour in the classroom. The findings suggest that the single processes or traits assessed in this study do not mediate the associations of personality types to academic achievement and behaviour. The implications of the findings for the personality type construct and for personality processes are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PARENTING STYLE, TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA PAI ANGKATAN 2015 IAIN CURUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 050
Author(s):  
Saidil Mustar
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Very High

This study aims to determine the effect of parenting style and personality types on the academic performance of PAI students of the 2015 IAIN Curup class. This research is quantitative descriptive. The results of this study are the first good parenting style because tcount= -1.12 is between ttable that is -2.63 and 2.63. Both personality types are good because tcount= 0.40 is between ttable that is -2.63 and 2, 63, The three academic achievements are very high because tcount = 3.08 is greater than ttable that is -2.63 and 2.63. fourth, there is a positive influence between parenting style on personality types because rcount = 0.432 is greater than rtabel 1% level = 0.1956, fifth, there is a positive influence between parenting style on academic achievement because rcount = 0.432 is greater than rtable level 1% = 0 , 1956, Sixth there was a positive influence between personality types on academic achievement because rcount = 0.52 is greater than rtable of 1% = 0.1956. seventh, there is a positive influence between parenting style and personality type together on academic achievement because rcount = 0.58 is greater than rtable of 1% = 0.1956.

scholarly journals Tipos de personalidad, agresión y conducta antisocial en adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Consuelo MORÁN, ◽  
José A. CARMONA ◽  
José FÍNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire

RESUMEN: Basado en el Cuestionario de Personalidad de Eysenck para jóvenes (EPQ-J), se analizan los tipos de personalidad y su relación con la agresividad y la conducta antisocial en una muestra de estudiantes (N = 1416) de entre 11 y 15 años de edad (edad media = 13,32; DT = 1,22). Mediante análisis de clúster se hallaron tres tipos de personalidad que se relacionaron con la hipótesis de Eysenck sobre la conducta antisocial y el nivel de agresividad evaluado mediante del Aggresion Questionnaire (AQ) de Buss y Perry (1992) en su versión reducida (Bryant y Smith (2001). El perfil del tipo infracontrolado confirmó la hipótesis de la conducta antisocial, siendo también el tipo más agresivo. Los tipos infracontrolado y supracontrolado estaban implicados en acoso escolar, aunque de manera diferente. El tipo resiliente mostró un perfil más adaptativo y mejor rendimiento académico. Ambos sexos fueron diferentes en dimensiones de personalidad y agresión. Se destaca la importancia de la agresión entre jóvenes adolescentes y la necesidad de más investigación sobre esta problemática.Personality types, aggression and antisocial behavior in adolescentsABSTRACT: Based on the Junior Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-J), the types of personality and its relationship with aggressiveness and the antisocial behavior is analyzed in a student’s sample (N = 1416) with ages between 11 y 15 years old (average age = 13,32; SD= 1,22). Cluster analysis using the reduced version (Bryant y Smith (2001) of the Aggression Questionnaire(AQ)(Buss y Perry, 1992) revealed three personality types that were related to Eysenck’s hypothesis of antisocial behavior and the level of aggressiveness. The under controlled profile confirmed the Eysenck’s hypothesis of antisocial behavior in early adolescence, and was also found to be the most aggressive prototype. The under controlled and over controlled types were implicated in bullying, but in different ways. Furthermore, the resilient people were found to have an adaptive profile combined with the best academic achievement. Gender differences were also found in personality dimensions and aggression. The importance of aggression among young adolescents and the necessity of further research on this topic are emphasized.

PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Harningsih Fitri Situmorang
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Inferential Statistic

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan :(1) Untuk mengetahui hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi dari siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori. (2) Untuk mengetahui hasil belajar  ekonomi siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dan siswa yang memiliki kepribadian introvert. (3) Untuk mengetahui interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dengan tipe kepribadian  terhadap hasil belajar Ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2 x 2. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif untuk menyajikan data dan dilanjutkan dengan statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05 yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Scheffe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang diajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi dari pada hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang diajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori; (2) hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang memiliki kepribadian ekstrovert lebih tinggi dari pada hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian introvert; (3) terdapat interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dengan tipe kepribadian  dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa. Hipotesis ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tepat daripada model pembelajaran ekspositori dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar ekonomi siswa, dan siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian ekstrovert akan memperoleh hasil yang lebih baik dari pada siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian introvert. Kata Kunci: strategi pembelajaran, tipe kepribadian, hasil belajar ekonomi. Abstract: This study aims: (1) To find out the results of students' economic learning taught by problem-based learning strategy is higher than students who are taught by expository learning strategy. (2) To know the economic learning result of students who have extrovert personality type and students who have introverted personality. (3) To know the interaction between learning strategy with personality type to Economic learning result. The research method used is quasi experiment with 2 x 2 factorial design. Statistical test used is descriptive statistics to present the data and continued with inferential statistic by using two way ANOVA with significant level α = 0,05 followed by Scheffe test. The results showed: (1) the students 'economic learning outcomes taught with problem-based learning strategy is higher than the students' economic learning outcomes taught with expository learning strategies; (2) the students 'economic learning outcomes that have extroverted personality is higher than the students' economic learning outcomes that have introverted personality types; (3) there is interaction between learning strategy with personality type in influencing student learning outcomes. This hypothesis suggests that problem-based learning strategies are more appropriate than expository learning models in improving students' economic learning outcomes, and students with extroverted personality types will achieve better outcomes than students with introverted personality types. Keywords: learning strategy, personality type, economic learning result

GAMBARAN PERILAKU VERBAL ABUSE ORANG TUA DAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN REMAJA DI SMP N 2 GAMPING YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizqi Wahyu Hidayati ◽  
Retno Sumiyarini
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
World Population ◽  
First Line ◽  
Type Indicator ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Abstract : Adolescent was a period from children to adult which is 11 – 21 years old. Nowadays, the number of adolescents was one-sixth of world population. The characteristic of this period wee egocentric, over estimates, and aggressive. Because of this, adolescent was under attention. Family was first line which influences their development. Moreover, family who had verbal abuse and hostility, it could make unstable and negative emotion. It also influenced the children personality types. Children who grow with physically and psychologically trauma, they susceptible had anxiety disorder, PTSD, depression, and personality disorder. The aim of this research was to see the descriptive of parental verbal abuse and personality type in adolescents at 2 Gamping junior High School. This research used quantitative method with descriptive design. The number of the sample was 89. The inclusions were the students who lived with their parents (mother/father/both) in the same house and they were 12 – 14 years old. This research used simple random technique. Besides, the questioners used verbal abuse and Myerss Briggs Type Indicator Personality. Next, it was tested by coefficient contingency. Finally, the researcher got Ethical Clearance from ethical commission in Health Faculty of Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta University. Based on result, it can be seen that majority of the students got vebal abuse in low category (88,8%). Next, majority of the students also had introvert personality type (50,6%). Although, the difference between introvert and extrovert was not significant (0, 01%). Researcher hopes that this result could be the based data of next research.Keywords : Parental Verbal Abuses Personality types; Adolescents Abstrak : Remaja merupakan masa peralihan anak-anak ke dewasa dengan rentang usia 11 – 21 tahun. Jumlah remaja saat ini seperenam populasi dunia. Berdasarkan jumlah dan karakteristik remaja yang ego sentris, over estimates, pemarah, dan agresif menjadikan kelompok ini diperhatikan. Keluarga merupakan lingkungan pertama yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan remaja. Keluarga yang penuh dengan celaan dan permusuhan menyebabkan emosi anak tidak stabil dan negatif. Hal ini juga akan berdampak pada tipe kepribadian anak. Anak yang tumbuh dengan trauma baik fisik maupun psikologis, maka akan memiliki gangguan kecemasan, PTSD, depresi, dan gangguan kepribadian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran perilaku verbal abuse orang tua dan tipe kepribadian remaja di SMP N 2 Gamping Yogyakarta.Penelitian ini merupakaan penelitian kuantitatif dengan deskriptif. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan yaitu 89 dengan kriteria inklusi antara lain siswa tinggal satu atap bersama dengan orang tua (single parentsatau lengkap) dan berusia 12 – 14 tahun dengan simple random technique. Kuesiner menggunakan verbal abuse dan Myerss Briggs Type Indicator Personality.Diuji menggunakan koeffisien kontingensi. Persetujuan etik didapatkan dari Komisi Etik Fakultas Kesehatan Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan hasil didapatkan bahwa mayoritas siswa mengalami kekerasan verbal dari orang tua dengan kategori rendah yaitu 88, 8%. Selanjutnya, sebagian besar siswa memiliki kepribadian introvert dengan prosentase 50, 6%. Selain itu dapat dilihat bahwa mayoritas siswa memiliki nilai kekerasan verbal kategori rendah. Hal ini dapat dijadikan dasar penelitian selanjutnya tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai kekerasan verbal orang tua dalam kategori rendah.Kata Kunci : Verbal Abuse, Orang tua, Tipe Kepribadian, Remaja

Profiles of Citizenship Orientations Among Youth

Young ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110330882110086
Author(s):  
Iana Tzankova ◽  
Gabriele Prati ◽  
Elvira Cicognani
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Citizenship Orientations

Prior studies revealed that low levels of youth political activity are not necessarily indicative of complete disengagement from societal affairs but could be accompanied by interest and latent involvement stemming from a standby or monitorial attitude. However, no prior study has investigated patterns of citizenship orientations including both manifest and latent engagement defined by one’s position towards institutional politics, according to different forms of participation. A questionnaire was filled out by 1,732 late adolescents and young adults in Italy (15–30 years old, M = 19.73, 60.7% female). Cluster analysis identified six profiles of citizenship orientations across different types of participatory activities (political, activist, political online and civic): active trustful, active distrustful, standby trustful, standby distrustful, unengaged trustful and unengaged distrustful. The results showed that each level of engagement—active, standby and unengaged—could be further differentiated between trustful and distrustful based on their attitude towards institutions and the electoral process.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Personality Type And Leadership Focus

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Sieff ◽  
Louis Carstens
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Myers Briggs Type Indicator ◽  
Multiple Focus ◽  
Type Indicator ◽  
Myers Briggs ◽  
The Relationship

Optimising focus is a key success driver for many organisation leaders. The relationship between personality type and leadership focus is examined. Personality type is assessed with Form M of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator instrument, and leadership focus is explored through the development and application of a Leadership Focus Questionnaire. South African executives form the target population for this study. Both functionalist and interpretive approaches are applied. Three primary theoretical hypotheses about leadership focus, concerning (1) optimising the balance of focus between external and internal priorities, (2) the fit between the leadership personality type and the organisation type, and (3) the capacity to manage a multiple focus, are considered. Results show that Extraverted personality types are more comfortable with the challenges of focus in the leadership role than are Introverted types, and Extraverted, Sensing, Thinking and Judging types experience a greater degree of fit with their organisations than do Introverted, Intuitive, Feeling and Perceiving types.

scholarly journals Associations between Modifiable Health-Risk Behaviors and Personality Types

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Schommer ◽  
Paul D. Tieger ◽  
Anthony W. Olson ◽  
Lawrence M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Objectives: The first objective for this study was to explore if characteristics of personality type (using the Preferred Communication Style Questionnaire) are associated with the following modifiable health-risk behaviors: smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption, nutrition, sleep, depression-related stress, anxiety-related stress, healthcare professional usage, and self-discipline. The second objective for this study was to explore if characteristics of personality type are associated with (1) the quality of patient-physician relationships, (2) patient-physician communication, and (3) preferred method for receiving information. Methods: Data were collected from 10,500 adult individuals residing in the United States via an on-line, self-administered survey coordinated by Qualtrics Panels from March 14-30, 2016. Chi-square analysis was used for making comparisons between categories of personality types and items related to health-risk behaviors. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. However, chi-square analysis with large sample sizes (e.g. 10,500 in this study) readily yields statistical significance. Practical significance was set at four or more percentage points above or below the overall mean. Results: Regarding objective 1, personality type was associated with all nine health-risk behaviors studied. Personality types within the Experiencer temperament (17% of the U.S. population) accounted for 46% of the undesirable scores we computed for health-risk behaviors. The Idealist temperament (17% of population) accounted for 32% of the undesirable scores. Conceptualizers (10% of population) accounted for 17% of the undesirable scores and Traditionalists (46% of population) accounted for 5% of the undesirable scores. Regarding objective 2, the findings showed that personality type was associated with (1) the importance people place on the patient-physician relationship, (2) which characteristics of that relationship are most desirable, (3) desire for more communication with their physician, and (4) the preferred method for receiving information. Discussion and Conclusions: Precision medicine has been proposed as a way to create a new taxonomy of disease that uses individual specific data to develop accurate diagnosis, targeted treatment, and improved health outcomes. Based on the findings of this study, we propose that inclusion of personality type is an important component of these efforts so that the health care system can conform more to the individual patient in order to increase engagement and adherence, reduce errors, minimize ineffective treatment and waste, and can be cost effective. Conflict of Interest Co-author, Paul Tieger is CEO of SpeedReading People, LLC which holds copyright for the Individual Wellness Plan and Adherence Predictive Index tools that are mentioned in this manuscript.   Type: Original Research

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