scholarly journals The Tale of the Dueling Neurosurgeons. A Contribution to the Neurosciences and Neurosurgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 250-252
Author(s):  
Gilvan Aguiar da Silva ◽  
Elton Gomes da Silva ◽  
Seidel Guerra López
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Current Issue ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lay Public

AbstractIn the present article, we elaborate a critical review of the book “The Tale of the Dueling Neurosurgeons: The History of the Human Brain as Revealed by True Stories of Trauma, Madness, and Recovery”, written by Sam Kean. In our opinion, this book can contribute to the dissemination of neurosciences to the lay public, but it can also have an important role: to increase the interest of medicine students in neurosciences and research, since an increasingly lower number of students declare they have this interest. Thus, this book can be an important tool to deal with a pertinent and current issue under debate in the neuroscience research and neurosurgery communities.

Comment on Sarah Maza’s “The Kids Aren’t All Right”

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1295
Author(s):  
Nara Milanich
Keyword(s):  
Review Essay ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children And Childhood ◽  
Historical Agency

Abstract In a complement to the 2020 AHR Roundtable “Chronological Age: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis” (125, no. 2), this AHR Exchange focuses on the history of children and childhood. Sarah Maza presents a critical review essay, highlighting the limiting factors in the expanding field of childhood studies. Children, she observes, produce few sources of their own voices, have limited agency, and as individuals and as a group soon outgrow their subaltern status—they grow up. Robin P. Chapdelaine, Nara Milanich, Steven Mintz, Ishita Pande, and Bengt Sandin—historians representing diverse geographical, theoretical, and methodological perspectives on the history of children and childhood—react to Maza’s observations by bringing up important methodological questions about subjecthood, agency, and modernity. Maza’s rejoinder reflects on these questions and on the possibility of age-based historical agency.

scholarly journals Two decades after Korpi and Palme’s “paradox of redistribution”: What have we learned so far and where do we take it from here?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Gugushvili ◽  
Tijs Laenen
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The Poor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Per Se

Abstract Over two decades ago, Korpi and Palme (1998) published one of the most influential papers in the history of social policy discipline, in which they put forward a “paradox of redistribution”: the more countries target welfare resources exclusively at the poor, the less redistribution is actually achieved and the less income inequality and poverty are reduced. The current paper provides a state-of-the-art review of empirical research into that paradox. More specifically, we break down the paradox into seven core assumptions, which together form a causal chain running from institutional design to redistributive outcomes. For each causal assumption, we offer a comprehensive and critical review of the relevant empirical literature, also including a broader range of studies that do not aim to address Korpi and Palme’s paradox per se, but are nevertheless informative about it.

scholarly journals Using History as Evidence in Philosophy of Science: A Methodological Critique

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Scientific Realism ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article offers a critical review of past attempts and possible methods to test philosophical models of science against evidence from history of science. Drawing on methodological debates in social science, I distinguish between quantitative and qualitative approaches. I show that both have their uses in history and philosophy of science, but that many writers in this domain have misunderstood and misapplied these approaches, and especially the method of case studies. To test scientific realism, for example, quantitative methods are more effective than case studies. I suggest that greater methodological clarity would enable the project of integrated history and philosophy of science to make renewed progress.

scholarly journals Jared Diamond and Peter Turchin: Two contemporary theories of social collapse

2014 ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Achievements

Theories of social collapse are not only the views that characterize ?societies deep in crisis?, but rather an expression of lack of belief in prosperity and central importance of the civilization in which we live. These theories follow processes of degradation of human societies, the decline of civilization`s powers and the loss of its cultural values resulting in their complete disappearance. This paper defines the subject of study and provides an overview of the history of these theories and their contemporary types by taking the main causes of collapse criteria as the basis for theory building. After the review of contemporary multi-factor analysis of collapse, mainly within the science of complex systems, full attention is focused on two atypical, yet very productive, contemporary theories of social collapse that are elaborated in detail: Jared Diamond`s theory, which studies social collapses by observing relations of other variables that can lead to collapse with environmental problems as central; and Peter Turchin`s theory which, revitalizing with modern scientific achievements Ibn Khaldun`s classical theory of ?asabia? (group feeling, spirit of community), sees social collapses as a consequence of the decline of cohesion provided by asabia. The final part of the work gives a critical review of these two theories and their relation with classical theories of social collapse (primarily those of Arnold Toynbee) and points to their mutual productive complementarity.

scholarly journals A Review of Taylor Mac's 24-Decade History of Popular Music Marathon

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean F. Edgecomb
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
History Of

This review considers Taylor Mac's 24-Decade History of Popular Music Marathon which took place at St. Ann's Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York from October 8 to October 9, 2016. Using Jacques Derrida's theory of "l'avenir," best translated as the "unexpected visitor" I analyze a variety of the components found in the performance including, queer dramaturgy, song selection, choreography, audience participation and costumes. My critical review examines the concert which pulled liberally from the American songbook, using popular music from 1776 to 2016 in an attempt to collectively exorcise the specters of the patriarchy and exonerate the oppressed in what Mac deemed a “radical faerie ritual.”

scholarly journals Library Councils and Governance in Canadian University Libraries: A Critical Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Eva Revitt ◽  
Sean Luyk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Administrative Positions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Collegial Governance

Despite the nearly 40-year history of library councils in Canadian academic libraries, scholarly literature regarding library governance and decision-making processes within the context of Canadian university libraries is almost non-existent. Nevertheless, there is evidence of a general disenfranchisement of librarians from significant decisions affecting library operations, resources, services, and the appointment and evaluation of senior administrative positions. Furthermore, it is evident that library councils in Canadian academic libraries, where they do exist, function primarily as information-sharing forums rather than as the collegial decision-making bodies they were originally intended to be. Through a close examination of the CAUT Bulletin, this paper traces the development of library councils in Canadian academic libraries. Within the framework of institutional theory and drawing from librarianship, management, and educational administration literature, the paper proceeds to critically discuss systematic barriers to collegial governance in academic libraries. Historical and anecdotal evidence suggests that administrative resistance is a continued and key obstacle to the democratization of decision-making processes in Canadian academic libraries.

Contextualizing sovereignty: A critical review of competing explanations of the Internet governance in the (so-called) Russian case

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Kolozaridi ◽  
Dmitry Muravyov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internet Law

In reference to Russia, the concept of “Internet sovereignty” is commonly used to evoke the state’s efforts to tighten its control over the Internet in order to consolidate a non-democratic political regime. Many scholars have discussed Russia’s “sovereign Internet law,” adopted in 2019, yet the precise meaning of both “sovereign” and “Internet” in this context has largely been overlooked. In this article, we attempt to problematize the use of both concepts by drawing on the history of the Internet in Russia to accentuate the structural asymmetries of power in “global” Internet governance. We argue that Russia’s Internet sovereignty claims, grasped in the context of these asymmetries, can be seen as an expression of counter-hegemonic tendencies. Moreover, a historical account of the Internet’s transformation in Russia problematizes a conception of “Internet sovereignty” as unitary and unchanging.

History of study of the andrenid bees (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) fauna of Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
D.A. Sidorov ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Proshchalykin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Complete List ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
History Of Study

A critical review of publications on bees of the family Andrenidae (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of Mongolia is carried out for the first time. A complete list of 45 species recorded from Mongolia by various authors is provided. Totally six species (Andrena – 4, Panurginus –2) have been described from Mongolia and all of them are valid now. According to current data, Mongolian Andrenidae includes 38 species from three genera (Andrena – 32, Panurginus – 5, Melitturga – 1). Records of 15 species of the genus Andrena are problematic and needs to be confirmed.

Some Methodological Problems of the Study of Jewish History in Poland Between the Two World Wars

2004 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Jerzy Tomaszewski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Methodological Consideration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Problems

This chapter identifies some methodological problems of the study of Jewish history in Poland between the two World Wars. The growing public interest in the history of Polish Jews between the wars has been the reason for the publication of many books and articles. Some are based on only a superficial survey, others present a deep and penetrating analysis of specific problems. This body of literature deserves methodological consideration, together with a critical review of the most important sources, so that some queries, doubts and suggestions can be raised. During at least the past hundred years, a tradition developed in some Jewish and Polish political circles of treating the Jews as a kind of alien body within Polish society. This attitude can also often be observed in contemporary historical studies, despite the authors' declared intentions. This can partly be explained in terms of the distant past, when Jews constituted a distinctly different class of people with its own legal status and institutions, but there is no reason to maintain such an approach when investigating the history of the 20th century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document