scholarly journals Proposal for requirements on industrial AI solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Martin W Hoffmann ◽  
Rainer Drath ◽  
Christopher Ganz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Safety Aspects ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Productivity Gains

AbstractThe rise of artificial intelligence (AI) promises productivity gains in industrial practice. While IT technology offers a variety of technological advances, plant owners strive for stability and robustness of the production process. To overcome this tension field, we propose a set of 16 requirements for the development of industrial AI solutions to foster i) the adaptation process, ii) support the solution engineering and iii) ease the embedding into the existing system landscape while respecting iv) safety aspects to build up v) trust into industrial AI solutions. The proposed requirements can guide industrial stakeholders to focus on the right solution approach for specific production challenges and support them in voicing their own needs towards novel AI solutions. This will help AI developers to speed up time-to-market as well as to increase market acceptance of industrial AI solutions. Overall, specifying requirements on industrial AI will foster the acceptance and utilization rates of AI solutions in industrial practice.

Intelligent machinery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
High Speed ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Darwinian Evolution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right

This chapter explains why Turing is regarded as founding father of the field of artificial intelligence (AI), and analyses his famous method for testing whether a computer is capable of thought. In the weeks before his 1948 move from the National Physical Laboratory to Manchester, Turing wrote what was, with hindsight, the first manifesto of artificial intelligence (AI). His provocative title was simply Intelligent Machinery. While the rest of the world was just beginning to wake up to the idea that computers were the new way to do high-speed arithmetic, Turing was talking very seriously about ‘programming a computer to behave like a brain’. Among other shatteringly original proposals, Intelligent Machinery contained a short outline of what we now refer to as ‘genetic’ algorithms—algorithms based on the survival-of-the-fittest principle of Darwinian evolution—as well as describing the striking idea of building a computer out of artificial human nerve cells, an approach now called ‘connectionism’. Turing’s early connectionist architecture is outlined in Chapter 29. Strangely enough, Turing’s 1940 anti-Enigma bombe was the first step on the road to modern AI. As Chapter 12 explains, the bombe worked by searching at high speed for the correct settings of the Enigma machine—and once it had found the right settings, the random-looking letters of the encrypted message turned into plain German. The bombe was a spectacularly successful example of the mechanization of thought processes: Turing’s extraordinary machine performed a job, codebreaking, that requires intelligence when human beings do it. The fundamental idea behind the bombe, and one of Turing’s key discoveries at Bletchley Park, was what modern AI researchers call ‘heuristic search’. The use of heuristics—shortcuts or rules of thumb that cut down the amount of searching required to find the answer—is still a fundamental technique in AI today. The difficulty Turing confronted in designing the bombe was that the Enigma machine had far too many possible settings for the bombe just to search blindly through them until it happened to stumble on the right answer—the war might have been over before it produced a result. Turing’s brilliant idea was to use heuristics to narrow, and so to speed up, the search. Turing’s idea of using crib-loops to narrow the search was the principal heuristic employed in the bombe (as Chapter 12 explains).

scholarly journals Perceiving numerosity does not cause automatic shifts of spatial attention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Pellegrino ◽  
Mario Pinto ◽  
Fabio Marson ◽  
Stefano Lasaponara ◽  
Fabrizio Doricchi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Variable Delay ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Spatial Component ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Right

AbstractIt is debated whether the representation of numbers is endowed with a directional-spatial component so that perceiving small-magnitude numbers triggers leftward shifts of attention and perceiving large-magnitude numbers rightward shifts. Contrary to initial findings, recent investigations have demonstrated that centrally presented small-magnitude and large-magnitude Arabic numbers do not cause leftward and rightward shifts of attention, respectively. Here we verified whether perceiving small or large non-symbolic numerosities (i.e., clouds of dots) drives attention to the left or the right side of space, respectively. In experiment 1, participants were presented with central small (1, 2) vs large-numerosity (8, 9) clouds of dots followed by an imperative target in the left or right side of space. In experiment 2, a central cloud of dots (i.e., five dots) was followed by the simultaneous presentation of two identical dot-clouds, one on the left and one on the right side of space. Lateral clouds were both lower (1, 2) or higher in numerosity (8, 9) than the central cloud. After a variable delay, one of the two lateral clouds turned red and participants had to signal the colour change through a unimanual response. We found that (a) in Experiment 1, the small vs large numerosity of the central cloud of dots did not speed up the detection of left vs right targets, respectively, (b) in Experiment 2, the detection of colour change was not faster in the left side of space when lateral clouds were smaller in numerosity than the central reference and in the right side when clouds were larger in numerosity. These findings show that perceiving non-symbolic numerosity does not cause automatic shifts of spatial attention and suggests no inherent association between the representation of numerosity and that of directional space.

scholarly journals Steering the Mandible in the Right Direction : Forsus Case Series

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110054
Author(s):  
Prachi Gohil ◽  
Sonali Mahadevi ◽  
Bhavya Trivedi ◽  
Neha Assudani ◽  
Arth Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

We are in the process of discovery of new vistas for technological advances in terms of various appliances with a vision of making orthodontic treatment compliance free as well as successful. Due to improved technology, the enigma of treating the Class II syndrome is palliated. “Out of the box” thinking has become a norm to treat certain situations that were not corrected in noncompliant patients. Fixed functional appliances are valuable tools introduced to assist the correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrognathia at the deceleration stage of growth for achieving stable results. In this direction a case series is reported of patients having the above conditions and undergoing orthodontic treatment using a Forsus FFA. Joining hands with technology is a win-win situation for both the patient and the orthodontist.

scholarly journals Will the imaginary active consumers please stand up? Case note to Walbusch Walter Busch: Case C-430/17 Walbusch Walter Busch GmbH & Co. KG v. Zentrale zur Bekämpfung unlauteren Wettbewerbs Frankfurt am Main eV, EU:C:2019:47

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-719
Author(s):  
Joasia Luzak
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Frankfurt Am Main ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Withdrawal ◽  
The Eu

The questions posed to the Court of Justice of the EU in the recent case of Walbusch Walter Busch asked what qualifies as the means of communication with a limited space or time to display the information and how detailed the disclosure on the right of withdrawal needs to be on such a medium. The judgment in this case had to strike a balance between not limiting traders’ opportunities to use technological advances to reach consumers and one of the main objectives of consumer protection: ensuring consumers have a chance to make fully informed transactional decisions.

SYNTHESIZING THE DOMAIN OF LEAN PRACTICES IN MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS: A REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Zaki Yusup ◽  
Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan Mahmood ◽  
Mohd Rizal Salleh ◽  
Mohd Razali Muhamad ◽  
Adi Saptari
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Lean Implementation ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Manufacturing Operations ◽  
Lean Practices ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
The Right

 The implementation of Lean practices via various techniques and approaches have provided the room of improvement for manufacturers to increase the manufacturing operations performance. Nevertheless, the lack of understanding in synthesizing each of the strategies can cause the implementation benefits of this practice are unable to be retained. This is possibly due to the weaknesses in identifying the exact domain and the right indicators in strengthening the Lean implementation processes. From the review, planning, development, evaluation and execution are the four primary domains that highly influenced the manufacturer performance in synthesizing the Lean practice. In fact, each of the domains has its own performance indicator in streamlining the strategy outlined in strengthening this practice in manufacturing operations. The ability to fortify all these domains is seen to be able to increase the performance of Lean implementation and ensure the adaptation process becomes smoother and easier for a longer period of time. This will be useful to the manufacturer and academician, primarily in formulating the best approach in establishing the sustainable manufacturing practice via Lean approach.  

scholarly journals Parasitic-Based Active Gate Driver Improving the Turn-On Process of 1.7 kV SiC Power MOSFET

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2210
Author(s):  
Bartosz Lasek ◽  
Przemysław Trochimiuk ◽  
Rafał Kopacz ◽  
Jacek Rąbkowski
Keyword(s):  
Gate Voltage ◽  
Drain Current ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Gate Driver ◽  
The Right

This article discusses an active gate driver for a 1.7 kV/325 A SiC MOSFET module. The main purpose of the driver is to adjust the gate voltage in specified moments to speed up the turn-on cycle and reduce the amount of dissipated energy. Moreover, an adequate manipulation of the gate voltage is necessary as the gate current should be reduced during the rise of the drain current to avoid overshoots and oscillations. The gate voltage is switched at the right moments on the basis of the feedback signal provided from a measurement of the voltage across the parasitic source inductance of the module. This approach simplifies the circuit and provides no additional power losses in the measuring circuit. The paper contains the theoretical background and detailed description of the active gate driver design. The model of the parasitic-based active gate driver was verified using the double-pulse procedure both in Saber simulations and laboratory experiments. The active gate driver decreases the turn-on energy of a 1.7 kV/325 A SiC MOSFET by 7% comparing to a conventional gate driver (VDS = 900 V, ID = 270 A, RG = 20 Ω). Furthermore, the proposed active gate driver lowered the turn-on cycle time from 478 to 390 ns without any serious oscillations in the main circuit.

The Changing Ethics of Climate Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mittler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Car Use ◽  
The Face ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Right

Many in the environmental movement have argued in recent years that in order to speed up climate actions we should take the ethics out of the climate change debate. Focusing on the moral obligation to act or on the effects of climate change on the most vulnerable was often judged to render the discourse too “heavy,” “negative,” or “difficult.” Many also deemed it unnecessary. After all, renewable energies, better designed cities that allow for reduced car use, and power plant regulations that lead to cleaner local air—to take just three examples—all have real and substantial benefits unrelated to the fact that they are “the right thing to do” in the face of climate change. They create jobs, reduce health problems and costs, and make society fitter.

Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue: Part 3 – An Elephant Never Forgets

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Mark Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
European Court ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Contextual Environment ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Index Services ◽  
Incomplete Picture

AbstractForgetting is an oft-forgotten art. Many artificial intelligence (AI) systems deliver good performance when first implemented; however, as the contextual environment changes, they become out of date and their performance degrades. Learning new knowledge is part of the solution, but forgetting outdated facts and information is a vital part of the process of renewal. However, forgetting proves to be a surprisingly difficult concept to either understand or implement. Much of AI is based on analogies with natural systems, and although all of us have plenty of experiences with having forgotten something, as yet we have only an incomplete picture of how this process occurs in the brain. A recent judgment by the European Court concerns the “right to be forgotten” by web index services such as Google. This has made debate and research into the concept of forgetting very urgent. Given the rapid growth in requests for pages to be forgotten, it is clear that the process will have to be automated and that intelligent systems of forgetting are required in order to meet this challenge.

scholarly journals Radiological CT findings and time evolution in acute stroke: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Laio Bastos de Paiva Raspante ◽  
Laura Filgueiras Mourão Ramos ◽  
Uedson Tazinaffo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Perfusion Study ◽  
The Right ◽  
Optimized Treatment

Case report of a 95-year-old female patient that was admitted to the emergency room with a sudden weakness on the right who underwent propaedeutic imaging with cerebral perfusion study by CT using artificial intelligence (AI) software for clinical suspicion of acute stroke. The case illustrates a frequent and specific imaging finding for stroke and its disappearance in the control exam even without optimized treatment.

scholarly journals Are Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Machine Learning (ML) Having An Effective Role In Helping Humanity Address The New Coronavirus Pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Hospital Capacity ◽  
Data Engineering ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Right

COVID-19 has become a pandemic affecting the most of countries in the world. One of the most difficult decisions doctors face during the Covid-19 epidemic is determining which patients will stay in hospital, and which are safe to recover at home. In the face of overcrowded hospital capacity and an entirely new disease with little data-based evidence for diagnosis and treatment, the old rules for determining which patients should be admitted have proven ineffective. But machine learning can help make the right decision early, save lives and lower healthcare costs. So, there is therefore an urgent and imperative need to collect data describing clinical presentations, risks, epidemiology and outcomes. On the other side, artificial intelligence(AI) and machine learning(ML) are considered a strong firewall against outbreaks of diseases and epidemics due to its ability to quickly detect, examine and diagnose these diseases and epidemics.AI is being used as a tool to support the fight against the epidemic that swept the entire world since the beginning of 2020.. This paper presents the potential for using data engineering, ML and AI to confront the Coronavirus, predict the evolution of disease outbreaks, and conduct research in order to develop a vaccine or effective treatment that protects humanity from these deadly diseases.

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