Neurosurgical guidance using the stereo microscope

2005 ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Edwards ◽  
D. L. G. Hill ◽  
D. J. Hawkes ◽  
R. Spink ◽  
A. C. F Colchester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Microscope

scholarly journals Studies on the Structure of Flowers and Inflorescences of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevriye MERT
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Conducting Tissue ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study reports on the arrangement of flower buds and structure of floral organs of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) cultivars local to Turkey. The local cultivars were investigated under stereo microscope, light microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that each node has two oppositely positioned buds on 1-year-old shoot. Inflorescences resembled the umbel structure that enclosed four (two sets of oppositely oriented) bud scales. The mean flower number varied between 16.3 and 19.9 per cluster among the cultivars. The flowers resembled the hermaphrodite type and one flower was found to have four rudimentary sepals, four petals, four stamens, and one pistil. The stamens were noted to be arranged around the base of the ovary. Each normal anther was observed to have two pollen-producing theca, and each theca was found to have two locules. The number of pollen grains per anther varied between 1380 and 4240 among the genotypes. The pistil was noted to have a deeply hollowed papillate stigmatic surface, and the central part of the style had conducting tissue. The ovarium part of the pistil was found to be surrounded by the nectary tissue, inferior type, and had two atropous ovules. The fruit resembled single-seeded, stone fruit type. This study is the first detailed study on the flower morphology and inflorescences of the cornelian cherry cultivars in Turkey.

scholarly journals Sealability of Different Root Canal Nanosealers: Nano Calcium Hydroxide and Nano Bioactive Glass

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-315
Author(s):  
Asmaa A. Desouky ◽  
Maged M. Negm ◽  
Magdy M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽  
Nail Polish ◽  
Stereo Microscope

Background: The success of the endodontic treatment is largely dependent on the sealing achieved by root canal obturation. The application of sealer fills imperfections and increases adaptation of the root filling to the canal walls. Aim: To evaluate the sealability of experimental nanosealers (nano calcium hydroxide and nano bioactive glass) and to compare it with the commercial zinc oxide eugenol sealer using a dye penetration method. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected. The tooth crowns were removed so as to obtain standardized 15-mm-long root specimens. The root canal was instrumented with Protaper Ni-Ti rotary file and the final file size was up to # F4/.06 (in vitro study). They were then randomly allocated into 3 groups of 20 specimens each (n=20) according to the sealer used for obturation, and all samples were filled with single cone gutta-percha (#40/06) and one of the tested sealers. All teeth were coated with nail polish and then suspended in 2% methylene blue dye for 7 days. Stereo-microscope (x10) was used to evaluate the sealability of newly introduced nanosealers. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test followed by post hoc analysis (P < 0.05). Results: Significant improvement shown by the presented study suggests that nano calcium hydroxide sealer showed significantly less dye leakage than nano bioactive glass sealer and zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the synthesized nano-powder sealers are suitable for use in root canal therapy to prevent leakage. The root canal can be sealed better by using smaller nano-powder particle sizes. In addition, the two groups exhibited significant differences in leakage in comparison with commonly used ZOE sealer.

scholarly journals Perianal Traumatic Myiasis in a Goat Caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner 1862) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in Konya Province of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Dilge Sila Davulcu ◽  
Sule Yilmaz ◽  
Onur Ceylan ◽  
Bilal Dik
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Perianal Area ◽  
Topical Antibiotic ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Wohlfahrtia Magnifica

Introduction: The infestation of live humans and animals with dipterous larvae is called Myiasis. These larvae feed on the living or dead tissues, body fluids, and ingested foods of hosts at least for a certain period in myiasis cases. Case Presentation: During clinical examination, several larvae were detected in the perianal area of a goat at Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Internal Medicine Clinics. All visible larvae were cleaned by the clinician with the help of forceps. Ivermectin administered against larvae possibly penetrated deep into the wound. A topical antibiotic was also applied, and the wound was washed with an antiseptic solution. Several larvae were preserved in tubes including ethanol (70%) and transferred to parasitology laboratory. Firstly, the larvae were incised with a scalpel and cleared in potassium hydroxide (10%). Then, they were rinsed in distilled water, put into 70% ethanol for dehydration, and stored in 99% ethanol until dissection. The larvae were morphologically examined under a stereo microscope and dissected. The larvae were identified as third instar larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica according to the morphological characteristics of cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton, anterior spiracles, and peritremes. Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that in myiasis cases, early diagnosis is a very important factor in preventing deep tissue loss.

scholarly journals Addition of Illuminator Fiber Optic to Produce 3 Dimension Effects in Micrographic Observation Using Upright Microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Sutriyono ◽  
Widodo ◽  
Retno Suryandari
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Total Magnification

Microscope is one of the tools used in practicums with high intensity. The use of a microscope adjusts to the object to be observed in order to obtain optimal micrographic results. Stereo microscopes are used to observe three-dimensional objects. Upright microscopes are used to observe two-dimensional objects. This study aims to combine the two advantages of stereo microscopy that can produce three-dimensional micrography with the advantages of an upright microscope that has a high total magnification. The method used in this study is an experimental method by adding an optical fiber illuminator in the use of an upright microscope and then applying it in various observations. The conclusion of this research is the addition of an optical fiber illuminator in observations using an upright microscope can replace the function of a stereo microscope; can produce three-dimensional effects and increase magnification in Daphnia magna micrographic observations.

scholarly journals Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Christian Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Pigmentation Pattern ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Identification Guide ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Wax Coating ◽  
Host Plant Relationships

Keys and diagnoses of North European aphids (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea) feeding on conifers are given, including species from nearby areas of Central and Western Europe, based on live and freeze-dried material. Externally visible informative characters, such as body shape, colours, wax coating, and pigmentation pattern are utilized, in addition to characters traditionally used in the literature. Rich illustrations with photographs of live colonies and freeze-dried specimens, supported by drawings where needed, are presented. The combination of colour images and diagnoses, utilizing easily observed characters, allows the identification of a large number of species already in the field, and many more at home with the aid of a stereo microscope. Host plant relationships and aphid-ant associations are presented.

scholarly journals Bond strength to dentin of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alves dos SANTOS ◽  
Eliane Alves de LIMA ◽  
Mônica Maria de Albuquerque PONTES ◽  
Alexandre Batista Lopes do NASCIMENTO ◽  
Marcos Antônio Japiassú Resende MONTES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Diamond Disc ◽  
Self Etch

OBJECTIVE: To assess the bond strength to dentin of the Single Bond (3M ESPE) and XP Bond (Dentsply) total-etch and Adper SE Plus (3M ESPE) self-etch adhesive systems. METHODS: Fifteen healthy human third molars were randomly allocated across three different groups of five teeth each according to the adhesive system. The occlusal portion of each tooth was removed under refrigeration using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA) down to an area of dentin that did not reveal enamel, as confirmed under a 40X stereo microscope (Ramsor, São Paulo, Brazil). A standardized smear layer was created with #600 grit silicon-carbide paper. The adhesive systems were applied as per manufacturer recommendations, with the exception of the Adper SE Plus system, which was triple-polymerized. Composite resin blocks (5 mm) were placed on the dentin surface. The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37ºC. Using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA), toothpick-like specimens with an adhesive area of less than 1 mm² were obtained. A microtensile bond test was then carried out using a universal testing machine (KRATOS) with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used for comparisons. RESULTS: The bond strength values obtained with each adhesive system were as follows: XP Bond, 96.24 MPa; Adper Single Bond, 72.39 MPa; Adper SE Plus, 49.91 MPa. CONCLUSION: In terms of bond strength to dentin, conventional adhesives outperform self-etching systems.

Optimization of Welding Process Parameters in Novel Friction Stir Welding of Polyamide 66 Joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nandhini ◽  
R. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
S. Muthukumaran ◽  
S. Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Tool Shoulder ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Friction Plate

The friction stir welding of polyamide 66 with a specially modified tool is studied. A variation of the conventional friction stir welding is investigated by incorporating a friction plate for the purpose of heating the polymer in the course of welding process through the tool shoulder. This in turn, improves the efficiency of the weld. The association of the welding process parameters and the weld performance has been investigated by the grey relational analysis with multi response characteristics like weld tensile strength, percent elongation and hardness. Macrostructure of the weld joint cross section has been explored by Stereo microscope. The maximum weld tensile strength of 63 MPa and a Shore hardness of 60 D at the weld nugget are obtained. The hardness profiles of the welded samples have been analyzed in this investigation.

Preliminary Study of Manufacturing Technique Using Three Dimensions Stain Steel Braid for Bone Scaffold

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1424-1427
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Ching Wen Lin ◽  
Yueh Sheng Chen ◽  
Chien Lin Huang ◽  
Wen Cheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Bone Scaffold ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Stereo Microscope

Nowadays, as rising research on biomaterials, the artificial bone scaffold has become the most important part of the study. Moreover, metallic materials have been applied on the artificial bone scaffold; but its high rigidity causes the stress shielding effect in bones. To improve the disadvantages of metallic materials and pursue their better mechanical properties, 304 stainless steel fibers have multi-layer braided into the 3D stainless-steel braid with porous structure and better mechanical properties, using braiding machine. In multi-layer braiding process, with the constant number of take-up gear and varying number of braid gear, the 3D stainless-steel braid was manufactured. Afterwards, its braiding structure and angle were observed by stereo microscope. Also, the optimal braiding parameters can be acquired from tensile strength test.

Evaluation of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart) and D. farinae Hughes (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) sensitivity in patients with allergic rhinitis: a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Erhan ZEYTUN ◽  
Salih DOĞAN ◽  
Edhem Ünver ◽  
Fatih ÖZÇÜÇEK
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Serologic Tests ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Skin Prick Tests

This study was conducted to determine the sensitivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart) and D. farinae Hughes with skin prick tests (SPT) and serologic tests in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and to specifically search for those mites in homes of patients. A total of 51 participants, (23 patients and 28 controls) were utilized. Skin-prick tests with D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae allergens were performed on all participants, and serum levels of allergen-specific lgE and total IgE were also measured. Dust samples were collected from homes of all participants and examined under a stereo microscope. 977 D. pteronyssinus (mean 44.4/g) and 24 D. farinae (mean 4.0/g) were isolated from the homes of patients, whereas 35 D. pteronyssinus (mean 4.4/g), and four D. farinae (mean 2.0/g) were isolated from the homes of the controls. Patients with D. pteronyssinus in their homes had 95.5% sensitivity to the species according to SPT and 27.3 according to IgE. Patients with D. farinae in their homes had 83.3% sensitivity to the species according to SPT, and 50% according to IgE. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus sensitivity in the controls was detected as 12.5% according to SPT; however, D. farinae sensitivity was not detected according to both SPT and mite-specific IgE. Differences between patients and controls utilizing SPT results was statistically significant, but not when using mite-specific IgE results. As a result, it was determined that patients with AR in Erzincan province were sensitized to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, and that their homes contained those species. It may be helpful to consider these findings in clinical assessment of patients with AR, and also in treatment utilizing immunotherapy techniques.

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