scholarly journals ROS-induced oxidative stress in plant cryopreservation: occurrence and alleviation

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ren ◽  
Min-Rui Wang ◽  
Qiao-Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Total Failure ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Abstract Main conclusion Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress results in low success or even total failure of cryopreservation. Better understanding of how the plant establishes resistance/tolerance to ROS-induced oxidative stress facilitates developments of robust cryopreservation procedures. Abstract Cryopreservation provides a safe and efficient strategy for long-term preservation of plant genetic resources. ROS-induced oxidative stress caused damage to cells and reduced the ability of the plant to survive following cryopreservation, eventually resulting in low success or even total failure. This paper provides updated and comprehensive information obtained in the past decade, including the following: (1) ROS generations and adaptive responses of antioxidant systems during cryopreservation; (2) expressions of oxidative stress-associated genes and proteins during cryopreservation; (3) ROS-triggered programmed cell death (PCD) during cryopreservation; and (4) exogenous applications of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in improving success of cryopreservation. Prospects for further studies are proposed. The goal of the present study was to facilitate better understanding of the mechanisms by which the plant establishes resistance/tolerance to oxidative stress during cryopreservation and promote further studies toward the developments of robust cryopreservation procedures and wider application of plant cryobiotechnology.

scholarly journals NEONATOLOGY: EVOLUTION FROM THE PAST TO FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Laschi ◽  
Serafina Perrone ◽  
Chiara Lembo ◽  
Giuseppe Buonocore
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
The Past ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Metabolic Screening ◽  
The 19Th Century

The begin of modern neonatology takes place in the 1940s, when physicians first started to have interest in the newborn so that the primary responsibility for the neonate passed from the obstetricians to the neonatologists. In the 19th century the term premature grouped together the concept of “preterm and weak infants”, meant as babies suffering from poor energy and vitality. The idea that premature infants could be treated was introduced in the second half of the 19th century, when crucial fields signed the basis for neonatal care over the last century, such as thermoregulation, Apgar score, respiratory support, prenatal corticosteroids, metabolic screening and jaundice. From then on, advances in neonatology have resulted in the reduction of infant mortality worldwide. To date, scientific evidences have shown that the environmental conditions experienced in early life can profoundly influence human biology and long-term health. Chemical contaminants in water and diet, tobacco smoke, air pollution, gestational diabetes, hypertension and pre-eclampsia are all conditions that lead to the lowest common denominator oxidative stress. Fetuses and newborns -especially preterm- are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress mediated damage. Recently, the “omics” sciences represent the major area of growing interest and research in neonatology. The analysis of the metabolic profile detectable in a human biological fluid allows to instantly identifying changes in the composition of endogenous and exogenous metabolites caused by the interaction between specific physiopathological states, gene expression, and environment. From metabolomics studies comes the need of individualized and tailored medicine.

scholarly journals Development, progress and future prospects in cryobiotechnology of Lilium spp.

Plant Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Wei Li ◽  
Xiao-Chen Zhang ◽  
Min-Rui Wang ◽  
Wen-Lu Bi ◽  
M. Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Made In

Abstract Lilium is one of the most popular flower crops worldwide, and some species are also used as vegetables and medicines. The availability of and easy access to diverse Lilium genetic resources are essential for plant genetic improvements. Cryopreservation is currently considered as an ideal means for the long-term preservation of plant germplasm. Over the last two decades, great efforts have been exerted in studies of Lilium cryopreservation and progress has been made in the successful cryopreservation of pollen, seeds and shoot tips in Lilium. Genes that exist in Lilium, including those that regulate flower shape, color and size, and that are resistant to cold stress and diseases caused by fungi and viruses, provide a rich source of valuable genetic resources for breeding programs to create novel cultivars required by the global floriculture and ornamental markets. Successful cryopreservation of Lilium spp. is a way to preserve these valuable genes. The present study provides updated and comprehensive information about the development of techniques that have advanced Lilium cryopreservation. Further ideas are proposed to better direct future studies on Lilium cryobiotechnology.

scholarly journals Impairment between Oxidant and Antioxidant Systems: Short- and Long-term Implications for Athletes’ Health

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Nocella ◽  
Vittoria Cammisotto ◽  
Fabio Pigozzi ◽  
Paolo Borrione ◽  
Chiara Fossati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Oxidative Balance

The role of oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and antioxidants, has been described in several patho-physiological conditions, including cardiovascular, neurological diseases and cancer, thus impacting on individuals’ lifelong health. Diet, environmental pollution, and physical activity can play a significant role in the oxidative balance of an organism. Even if physical training has proved to be able to counteract the negative effects caused by free radicals and to provide many health benefits, it is also known that intensive physical activity induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and free radical-mediated muscle damage. Indeed, variations in type, intensity, and duration of exercise training can activate different patterns of oxidant–antioxidant balance leading to different responses in terms of molecular and cellular damage. The aim of the present review is to discuss (1) the role of oxidative status in athletes in relation to exercise training practice, (2) the implications for muscle damage, (3) the long-term effect for neurodegenerative disease manifestations, (4) the role of antioxidant supplementations in preventing oxidative damages.

scholarly journals Effect of iron deficiency anemia on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
NL Madhikarmi ◽  
KRS Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants

Iron deficiency is one of the most widespread nutritional deficiencies in the world. Globally more than two billion people are suffering from iron deficiency anemia. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of a large number of factors known to be associated with oxidative stress. The case-control study determines the lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status in forty Iron deficiency anemia and forty healthy volunteers with their informed consent. All the parameters were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Blood hemoglobin and plasma iron were decreased whereas total iron binding capacity was increased significantly in Iron deficiency anemia. The lipid peroxidation parameters like malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide were significantly increased in Iron deficiency anemia. Both enzymatic; glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and non-enzymatic antioxidants; vitamin C, E and reduced glutathione were significantly decreased in Iron deficiency anemia case as compared to their healthy counterparts. Our findings suggest, increased lipid peroxidation products and reduced antioxidants system boost the oxidative stress state, hence deteriorating the condition of Iron deficiency anemia patients. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-7,No-4, 34-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i4.6739

scholarly journals Chemistry and Cultural Heritage*

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Maria J. Melo ◽  
Austin Nevin ◽  
Piero Baglioni
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Abstract The conservation of works of art makes them accessible, and will ensure the transfer of cultural heritage to future generations,. For long term preservation, the development of effective and sustainable conservation materials is of fundamental importance. Although in the past traditional approaches in restoration have used highly effective natural materials for cleaning, modern research has focused on the systematic design of materials and methodologies. For instance, during the nineteenth century conservators reported the use of materials such as vinegar, wine, lemon juice, and today saliva is still used in cleaning applications. Although it is now recognized that these materials contain components that are effective cleaning agents, until recently there has been a lack of systematic studies regarding the control of their structure and reactivity.

scholarly journals Preservation of Information: Past, Present, Future

2012 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Evgeniy I. Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Information Resources ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electronic Information Resources ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Long Term Preservation

On the multifaceted problem of preserving electronic information. The experience of the past to preserve the printed information on paper is analyzed. At present the whole information environment has become more complex and diverse, a lot of new kinds and types of information and its mediums have been appeared, but the philosophy and realistic purposes of long-term preservation of digital information is still missing. The author highlights that the preservation of electronic information can be achieved only through effective policy and successive actions at global and national levels. The primary task of preserving electronic information resources are defined in the paper.

scholarly journals Preservation of Information: Past, Present and Future [End]

2012 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Evgeniy I. Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Information Resources ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electronic Information Resources ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Long Term Preservation

The article is devoted to the multidimensional problem of preservation of electronic information. There is analyzed the experience of the past to preserve the printed information on paper. At present all the information environment has become more complex and diverse, a lot of new kinds and types of information and its media have appeared; however, the philosophical basis and realistic objectives for the long-term preservation of digital information are still missing. It is highlighted that the preservation of electronic information can be achieved only through forming and implementation of effective targeted policy and sustained activities at global and national levels. There were defined the first priority tasks for preservation of electronic information resources.

scholarly journals Response of Endolithic Chroococcidiopsis Strains From the Polyextreme Atacama Desert to Light Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina Casero ◽  
Carmen Ascaso ◽  
Antonio Quesada ◽  
Hanna Mazur-Marzec ◽  
Jacek Wierzchos
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Light Radiation ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Ultrastructural Damage ◽  
Term Response

Cyanobacteria exposed to high solar radiation make use of a series of defense mechanisms, including avoidance, antioxidant systems, and the production of photoprotective compounds such as scytonemin. Two cyanobacterial strains of the genus Chroococcidiopsis from the Atacama Desert – which has one of the highest solar radiation levels on Earth- were examined to determine their capacity to protect themselves from direct photosynthetically active (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR): the UAM813 strain, originally isolated from a cryptoendolithic microhabitat within halite (NaCl), and UAM816 strain originally isolated from a chasmoendolithic microhabitat within calcite (CaCO3). The oxidative stress induced by exposure to PAR or UVR + PAR was determined to observe their short-term response, as were the long-term scytonemin production, changes in metabolic activity and ultrastructural damage induced. Both strains showed oxidative stress to both types of light radiation. The UAM813 strain showed a lower acclimation capacity than the UAM816 strain, showing an ever-increasing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a smaller accumulation of scytonemin. This would appear to reflect differences in the adaptation strategies followed to meet the demands of their different microhabitats.

scholarly journals Antioxidants Maintain Cellular Redox Homeostasis by Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long He ◽  
Ting He ◽  
Shabnam Farrar ◽  
Linbao Ji ◽  
Tianyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Cell Death Pathway

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by living cells as normal cellular metabolic byproduct. Under excessive stress conditions, cells will produce numerous ROS, and the living organisms eventually evolve series of response mechanisms to adapt to the ROS exposure as well as utilize it as the signaling molecules. ROS molecules would trigger oxidative stress in a feedback mechanism involving many biological processes, such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Growing evidences have suggested that ROS play a critical role as the signaling molecules throughout the entire cell death pathway. Overwhelming production of ROS can destroy organelles structure and bio-molecules, which lead to inflammatory response that is a known underpinning mechanism for the development of diabetes and cancer. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) are regarded as the markers of oxidative stress, can transform toxic metabolites into ROS, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical which might cause injury of cells. Accordingly, cells have evolved a balanced system to neutralize the extra ROS, namely antioxidant systems that consist of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin (Trx) as well as the non-enzymatic antioxidants which collectively reduce oxidative state. Herein, we review the recent novel findings of cellular processes induced by ROS, and summarize the roles of cellular endogenous antioxidant systems as well as natural anti-oxidative compounds in several human diseases caused by ROS in order to illustrate the vital role of antioxidants in prevention against oxidative stress.

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