Central overweight and obesity in Polish schoolchildren aged 7–18 years: secular changes of waist circumference between 1966 and 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Suder ◽  
Aleksandra Gomula ◽  
Slawomir Koziel
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Secular Changes

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SHORT SLEEP DURATION AND OBESITY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapaswini Mishra ◽  
Dipti Mohapatra ◽  
Manasi Behera ◽  
Srimannarayan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obese Class

ABSTRACTObjective: Adequate sleep has been considered important for the adolescent’s health and well-being. On the other hand, self-imposed sleepcurtailment is now recognized as a potentially important and novel risk factor for obesity. The objective of the study is to find the association betweenshort sleep duration and obesity (by calculating the body mass index [BMI]) among medical students.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 medical students. A brief history of sleep duration was taken. The height and weight were taken and thebody mass index (BMI) was calculated by formula weight in kg / height in m. Based on the BMI criteria the students were classified into six groups:Underweight, normal, overweight, obese class I, obese class II and obese III. The waist circumference (WC) was also taken. The data obtained werestatistically analysed by ANOVA test and the p < 0.5 was considered significant.2Results: The present cross-sectional study showed that there is an association between short sleep duration and obesity which was highly significant(p<0.001). This study also shows that there is an association between short sleep duration and waist circumference which was also highly significant(p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study observed a high association of short sleep duration among medical students of IMS and SUM Hospital and that shortsleep duration was significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity. We should further investigate whether adults adopting ahealthy lifestyle with short sleep duration would improve their sleeping habits or not.Keywords: Sleep duration, Body mass index, Waist circumference, Obesity.

scholarly journals Waist circumference in 6–12-year-old children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Morten Fredriksen ◽  
Angelica Skår ◽  
Asgeir Mamen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Aims: With overweight and obesity increasing worldwide, it has become ever more important to monitor the development and distribution of adiposity in children. This study investigated how the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children 6–12 years old relate to earlier studies. Methods: In 2015, 2271 children (boys, n = 1150) were measured for height, weight, and WC. Parental education level was used as a measure of socioeconomic status. Results: A significant increase in WC with age was revealed for both sexes ( p < .0001). Boys at 10 and 12 years had a larger WC than girls; otherwise no difference between sexes was found. The WHtR decreased with age for girls ( p < .0001); 14% of the sample displayed a WHtR ≥ 0.50. Comparison with earlier studies showed a higher WC and WHtR despite no change in weight and body mass index. Conclusion: WC and WHtR are recommended as tools for identifying central obesity in children. The results indicate increased WC in 6–12-year-old children compared with earlier findings.

scholarly journals Significant Decrease in Childhood Obesity and Waist Circumference over 15 Years in Switzerland: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli ◽  
Ester Osuna ◽  
Zuzana Sarnovská ◽  
Michael B. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
The Past

Despite a global increase in childhood obesity over the past decades, several countries, including Switzerland, have recently reported stabilizing trends. Using national data from school-aged children in Switzerland over the past 16 years, our study aim was to assess changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, central adiposity and predictors of obesity related to lifestyle and parental factors. Nationally representative samples of children aged 6–12 years were studied in 2002 (n = 2493), 2007 (n = 2218), 2012 (n = 2963), and 2017/18 (n = 2279). Height and weight, waist circumference, and multiple skinfold thicknesses were measured. Potential risk factors for overweight and obesity were determined using a self-administered questionnaire in 2017/18, collecting data on diet, physical activity, and parental factors. Prevalence (95% CI) of overweight (incl. obesity) and obesity in 2017/18 was 15.9% (14.4–17.4) and 5.3% (4.5–6.3), respectively. Binary logistic regression revealed a small but significant decrease in the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) since 2002 (OR (95% CI) = 0.988 (0.978–0.997)), while the change in obesity alone was not significant. The most important risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity in 2017/18 were low parental education, non-Swiss origin of the parents, low physical activity of the child, and male sex. In conclusion, we have shown a small but significant declining trend in the childhood overweight/obesity prevalence over the past 15 years in Switzerland. Based on the risk factor analysis, preventive action in schoolchildren might be most effective in boys, migrant populations, and families with lower education, and should emphasize physical activity.

scholarly journals Body composition: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A Clifford ◽  
Alanna N Gillespie ◽  
Timothy Olds ◽  
Anneke C Grobler ◽  
Melissa Wake
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Parent Child

ObjectivesOverweight and obesity remain at historically high levels, cluster within families and are established risk factors for multiple diseases. We describe the epidemiology and cross-generational concordance of body composition among Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents.DesignThe population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study, nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight regional cities, or home visits; February 2015–March 2016.ParticipantsOf all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), body composition data were available for 1872 children (49% girls) and 1852 parents (mean age 43.7 years; 88% mothers), including 1830 biological parent-child pairs.MeasuresHeight, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio for all participants; body fat and fat-free mass by four-limb bioimpedence analysis (BIA) at assessment centres, or body fat percentage by two-limb BIA at home visits. Analysis: parent-child concordance was assessed using (i) Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and (ii) partial correlation coefficients adjusted for age, sex and socioeconomic disadvantage. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC’s complex sample design.Results20.7% of children were overweight and 6.2% obese, as were 33.5% and 31.6% of parents. Boys and girls showed similar distributions for all body composition measures but, despite similar BMI and waist-to-height ratio, mothers had higher proportions of total and truncal fat than fathers. Parent-child partial correlations were greatest for height (0.37, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.42). Other anthropometric and fat/lean measures showed strikingly similar partial correlations, ranging from 0.25 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.29) for waist circumference to 0.30 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.34) for fat-free percentage. Whole-sample and sex-specific percentile values are provided for all measures.ConclusionsExcess adiposity remains prevalent in Australian children and parents. Moderate cross-generational concordance across all measures of leanness and adiposity is already evident by late childhood.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Saharawi Refugees (P10-071-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Victoria Telle Hjellset ◽  
Marte Karoline Raberg Kjollesdal ◽  
Merethe Flaaten ◽  
Eivind Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives Economic development, globalization and urbanization has resulted in a shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure in low- and middle-income countries, called the Nutrition Transition. At the same time, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide. The Saharawi refugees have been living in refugee camps in the Algerian desert since 1975 and are totally dependent on food aid. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported among Saharawi women. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of T2D and associated risk factors exists in this population; therefore, the aim with this study was to address this gap in the literature. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Saharawi refugee camps, in Algeria and 180 women and 175 men were randomly selected. Participants’ blood glucose levels was assessed by HbA1c measurements and diagnosed with diabetes if HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol and prediabetes if HbA1c was between 42–47 mmol/mol. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) was used to assess various risk factors for T2D. Results Mean HbA1c among the Saharawi refugees was 38 mmol/mol. Seven and 15% were diagnosed with T2D and prediabetes, respectively, and 26% and 19% were overweight and obese, respectively. According to FINDRISK, 9% of the participants had high risk of developing diabetes, 10% had moderate risk, 37% had some risk and 44% had low risk. In multiple logistic regression models, after controlling for age, gender, number of children, BMI and education, the strongest predictor for diabetes was waist circumference, OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1). The strongest predictor for prediabetes was age and waist circumference OR (95% CI): 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) and OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1), respectively. Conclusions We found moderate prevalence of diabetes among the Saharawi refugees; however a high proportion had prediabetes and were suffering from overweight and obesity. In light of this, the rates of T2D are likely to increase dramatically in the near future. The Saharawi health authorities should pay attention to the increased risk of diabetes in this in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources Oslo Metropolitan University.

Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Weight Reduction and Abdominal Obesity in Asian Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Hsiu Hsieh ◽  
Tsann-Jnn Su ◽  
Yu-Wen Fang ◽  
Pei-Hsuan Chou
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study was designed to test the efficacy of auricular acupressure on weight reduction and changes of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. This study used a randomized design with one control group and one experimental group consisting of Asian young adults with a waist circumference ≥80 cm in the females and ≥90cm in the males. At completion of eight weeks of auricular therapy, the total sample size was 55 young adults who ranged in age from 18 to 20 years old.Each participant was treated weekly for ear acupressure in ten-minute sessions. Sessions continued for eight weeks wherein the control group received acupressure only while the experimental group received acupressure with the Japanese Magnetic Pearl on the ear acupoints.While both the control and treatment groups showed significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) to body weight and waist circumference after eight weeks of treatment, only the group treated with Japanese Magnetic Pearls showed decreased waist to hip ratio. Thus, auricular acupressure may be a beneficial addition to weight loss programs for young adults.Auricular acupressure is thus a reasonable option in the treatment of overweight and obesity in young adults.

scholarly journals Obesity: criteria and classification

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Tomography ◽  
The Individual

Obesity is defined as an excess accumulation of body fat. To measure fat in the body accurately is difficult, and no method is easily available for routine clinical use. Traditionally, overweight and obesity have been evaluated by anthropometric measurement of weight-for-height. More recently, BMI has been used. The normal range is 19–24·9 kg/m2, overweight is 25–29·9 kg/m2, and obesity ≥ 30 kg/m2. Not only is the total amount of fat an individual carries important, but also where the fat is distributed in the body. Fat in a central or upper body (android) distribution is most related to health risk. The most accurate way to measure central obesity is by magnetic resonance imaging or computer-assisted tomography scanning, but this approach is too expensive for routine use. Simple anthropometric measurements can be used, such as waist circumference. A waist circumference of greater than 1020 mm in men and 880 mm in women is a risk factor for insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. There is a clear genetic predisposition for obesity. The genetic contribution to obesity is between 25 and 40 % of the individual differences in BMI. For the overwhelming majority of individuals, the genetic predisposition will not be defined by one gene, but by multiple genes. Eventually, classification of obesity may be done by genetic means, but this approach will require more knowledge.

Efficacy of Two Different Materials used in Auricular Acupressure on Weight Reduction and Abdominal Obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Hsiu Hsieh ◽  
Tsann-Juu Su ◽  
Yu-Wen Fang ◽  
Pei-Hsuan Chou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Materials Used

The current study was designed to test the efficacy of different materials used in an auricular acupressure program on weight reduction, changes to waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. This study used a randomized design with two groups who were treated with auricular acupressure using Semen Vaccariae or the Japanese Magnetic Pearl. Both groups consisted of Asian young adults with a waist circumference ≥ 80 cm in the females and ≥ 90 cm in the males. At completion of the eight-week treatment period, the total sample size was 56 young adults who ranged in age from 18 to 20 years old. Each participant was met with weekly for ten-minute sessions during which ear acupressure treatment was performed. Sessions continued for eight weeks wherein both groups received acupressure with the Japanese Magnetic Pearl or Semen Vaccariae on the ear acupoints. While both groups showed significant reductions (p ≤ 0.05) to body weight and waist circumference after eight weeks of treatments, the group treated with Semen Vaccariae group showed a more effective weight loss over the short term. Given that auricular acupressure is a safe and cost-effective treatment for weight loss, our results suggest that auricular acupressure is a reasonable option for the treatment of overweight and obesity in young adults.

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