Obesity and tooth wear among American adults: the role of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks

Abstract Background To explore the association between obesity and tooth wear among American adults and the role of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks consumption in explaining that association. Methods We analyzed data from 3541 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obesity was determined using the body mass index and tooth wear was assessed using the modified tooth wear index. Daily intake of four categories of drinks was estimated as the average (drinks/day) of two consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The association between obesity and number of surfaces with moderate-to-severe tooth wear was assessed in hurdle models adjusting for sociodemographic factors, acid reflux medication, and dental insurance. Results Overweight and obese adults had more surfaces with moderate-to-severe tooth wear than those with normal body size, after adjusting for confounders. The consumption of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks explained part, but not all the above association. More specifically, the estimate for obesity was fully attenuated, whereas the estimate for overweight was slightly attenuated but remained significant. Conclusion Obesity was positively associated with tooth wear in American adults. This association was only partially accounted for by the consumption of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks, a common risk factor for both conditions. Practical implications Dentists must be aware of the health consequences of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks and advocate for reduction in consumption and/or substitution with healthier alternatives.

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COVID-19: Nutrition to Boost Immune System to Fight Infection

10.47363/jmhc/2020(2)112 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Syed M. Shahid ◽

◽

Muhammad Jawed ◽

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Daily Intake ◽

The Body ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Working Together ◽

Scientific Significance ◽

Global Population

The immunity and immune system functions to fight against infections are significantly impacted by inappropriate food and nutrition. Long term malnutrition is universally considered as the leading cause of immune system deficiency. A substantial proportion of the global population does not meet the recommended daily intake of nutrients. The COVID-19 pandemic has focused attention on the role of the immune system, with health scientists and nutritionists urging people to take supplements and/or eat particular foods (nutrients) to super-charge their immune systems.The immune system is the most complex system of human body. This system is made up of a complex network of structural and functional units like cells, molecules, tissues and organs all working together to safeguard the body as a whole.This precise review provides a chance to go through the efficacy, efficiency and scientific significance of nutritional components and relevant food (especially fruits and vegetables). This will help you keep appropriate food items in your daily meals so that you can get a progressive increment in your body’s defence mechanisms and immunity to fight appropriately against COVID-19. This will also help to decrease your risk for catching the viral infection and/or reducing the chances of having complications from COVID-19.

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Low Daily Intake of Fruits and Vegetables in Rural and Urban Bangladesh: Influence of Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors, Social Food Beliefs and Behavioural Practices

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2808

Author(s):

Sadia Mustafa ◽

C. Emdad Haque ◽

Soham Baksi

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Food Beliefs ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Bangladesh is facing a large burden of non-communicable diseases. As a possible remedy, the WHO/FAO recommends consuming 400 g or five servings of fruits and vegetables every day; however, only a small proportion of the population practices this. The present study sets out to determine the sociodemographic factors that affect this low intake of fruits and vegetables, and the roles that beliefs and behavioural practices play in influencing food consumption. Logistic and ordered logistic regressions were used to identify what sociodemographic factors are significantly influencing fruit and vegetable intake, and to explain the role of social food beliefs. It was found that in Bangladesh 75% of urban and 92% of rural populations consume less than five servings a day. While gender was not found to be a significant factor, housewives appeared to be more at risk of a lower intake of fruits and vegetables. People with higher income, higher education, and who are older were all less likely to have problems with a low intake of fruits and vegetables. Higher education assisted in attaining positive beliefs and behavioural practices regarding food, while residing in a rural community was found to be a significant constraint.

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Dentition and body condition: tooth wear as a correlate of weight loss in roe deer

Frontiers in Zoology ◽

10.1186/s12983-021-00433-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Roberta Chirichella ◽

Anna Maria De Marinis ◽

Boštjan Pokorny ◽

Marco Apollonio

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Body Condition ◽

Physical Condition ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Tooth Wear ◽

The Body ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Tooth Surface ◽

Mandible Length

Abstract Background In many mammalian species, once the permanent teeth have erupted, the only change to dentition is a gradual loss of tooth surface/height through wear. The crown of the teeth cannot be repaired once worn. When dental crown tissue has been depleted due to wear, the animal is expected to have a suboptimal body condition. We evaluated the role of tooth wear in causing a reduction of physical condition in adult roe deer females (Capreolus capreolus). Results The progressive wearing of the lower cheek teeth was assessed in a Northern Apennines (Italy) population with a new scoring scheme based on objectively described tooth characteristics (morphotypes) being either present or absent. Eviscerated body mass and mandible length, which is a good proxy for body size in roe deer, were related to the tooth wear score by the use of linear regressions. The sum of wear scores for molariform teeth correlated most strongly with body condition (i.e., eviscerated body mass/mandible length), showing the importance of the entire chewing surface for acquiring energy by food comminution, chewing, and digestion. In comparison with individuals of comparable size experiencing minor tooth wear, the body mass of those with the most advanced stage of tooth wear was decreased by 33.7%. This method was compared to the height and the hypsodonty index of the first molar, the most commonly used indices of tooth wear. The sum of molariform wear scoring scheme resulted in a more suitable index to describe the variation in body condition of roe deer. Conclusions Describing tooth wear patterns in hunted populations and monitoring at which tooth wear level (and therefore dental morphotype) an animal is no longer able to sustain its physical condition (i.e. when it begins to lose body mass) can be a useful tool for improving the management of the most widespread and abundant deer species in Europe. At the same time, such an approach can clarify the role of tooth wear as a proximate cause of senescence in ungulates.

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Household pesticide exposure and depression syndromes: evidence from NHANES, 2005-2014

10.21203/rs.2.20077/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haiyan Chen ◽

Guang Hao

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Pesticide Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Adult Participants ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Patient Health ◽

First Time

Abstract Background The effect of household pesticide exposure on depression symptoms in general population is underexplored, and the role of exercise in the association between pesticide exposure and depression symptoms is unclear. The goals of this study are to examine whether the association of household pesticide exposure and depression symptoms exist in general population, and, if so, whether exercise can attenuate the effect of household pesticide on depression symptoms.Methods We used data from the 2005-2014 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys), including a total of 14 708 US adult participants ≥ 20 years old. Depression symptoms was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).Results The prevalence of depression symptoms was significantly higher in participants who exposed to household pesticide compared to those not (28.9% vs. 21.1%, P <0.001). Household pesticide exposure was significantly associated with risk of depression symptoms. A significant interaction between exercise and pesticide exposure on depression symptoms was observed ( P =0.038). The prevalence of depression symptoms was significantly higher in pesticide exposure group compared to the control group (35.0% vs. 24.9%, P <0.001) in the population with light physical activity. However, we did not find a significant association in the group with moderate + vigorous physical activity.Conclusion This study further confirmed that household pesticide exposure is associated with a high risk of depression symptoms in the general population. More importantly, we for the first time reported that exercise tends to attenuate the effect of household pesticide exposure on depression symptoms.

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The role of biological and socio-hygienic factors on the mechanism of the change of somatometric and hemodynamic indices of students

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/00169900-2016-95-2-181-184 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 181-184

Author(s):

Hasmik G. Galstyan ◽

S. M. Minasyan

Keyword(s):

Body Height ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Circulatory System ◽

The Body ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Daily Dietary Intake ◽

Morphological Status ◽

Informative Indices ◽

Gender Features

There were studied basic somatometric, hemodynamic indices and daily dietary intake in students. There were analyzed the correlation relationships between the most important and informative indices. There was noted the lack of reliable link between the attained body height and weight with those at birth. There was shown an impact of the separate components of the diet on the morphological status of the body and the functioning of the circulatory system. There were established gender features consisting in the presence of strong correlations in a group of young men. There were revealed intra-individual differences of specific indices most pronounced in data of the daily intake.

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Effects of Alkaline-Reduced Water on Gastrointestinal Diseases

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr10010087 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Johny Bajgai ◽

Cheol-Su Kim ◽

Md. Habibur Rahman ◽

Eun-Sook Jeong ◽

Hong-Young Jang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Acid Reflux ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Review Article ◽

The Body ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inducing Factors ◽

Reduced Water

Living a healthy lifestyle is the most important need in the world today. However, oxidative stress (OS) is caused by several stress-inducing factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chronic diseases, and inflammatory responses, oxygen-free radicals are produced in excess and can damage major organs in the body. This phenomenon has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including gastritis, constipation, and inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, functional dyspepsia, acid reflux, diverticular disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the role of OS in the pathogenesis of GI disorders. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic role of alkaline-reduced water (ARW) on GI diseases and existing studies on ARW related to GI diseases. Furthermore, we believe that findings from this review article will enhance the knowledge of the readers on the role of ARW on OS and inflammation-based GI diseases.

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The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 228-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mauro Serafini ◽

Giuseppa Morabito

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

The Body ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

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The Role of Computer Modeling in Electrocardiography

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1634809 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 29 (04) ◽

pp. 282-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. van Oosterom

Keyword(s):

Electrical Activity ◽

Computer Modeling ◽

Body Surface ◽

Electrical Current ◽

The Body ◽

Volume Conductor ◽

Current Generator ◽

Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽

Source Models

AbstractThis paper introduces some levels at which the computer has been incorporated in the research into the basis of electrocardiography. The emphasis lies on the modeling of the heart as an electrical current generator and of the properties of the body as a volume conductor, both playing a major role in the shaping of the electrocardiographic waveforms recorded at the body surface. It is claimed that the Forward-Problem of electrocardiography is no longer a problem. Several source models of cardiac electrical activity are considered, one of which can be directly interpreted in terms of the underlying electrophysiology (the depolarization sequence of the ventricles). The importance of using tailored rather than textbook geometry in inverse procedures is stressed.

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Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-4-379-383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 379-383

Author(s):

Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽

N. A. Donchenko ◽

Ju. N. Kozlova ◽

N. A. Davidova ◽

V. Yu. Koptev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Infectious Agent ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

The Body ◽

Main Function ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

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Receptions of the Past: Commemoration, Racism, Desire

Somatechnics ◽

10.3366/soma.2017.0223 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 288-303

Author(s):

Michael Connors Jackman

Keyword(s):

Critical Point ◽

Social Relations ◽

White Privilege ◽

Body Politic ◽

The Body ◽

Race And Racism ◽

Lesbian And Gay ◽

The Past ◽

History Of

This article investigates the ways in which the work of The Body Politic (TBP), the first major lesbian and gay newspaper in Canada, comes to be commemorated in queer publics and how it figures in the memories of those who were involved in producing the paper. In revisiting a critical point in the history of TBP from 1985 when controversy erupted over race and racism within the editorial collective, this discussion considers the role of memory in the reproduction of whiteness and in the rupture of standard narratives about the past. As the controversy continues to haunt contemporary queer activism in Canada, the productive work of memory must be considered an essential aspect of how, when and for what reasons the work of TBP comes to be commemorated. By revisiting the events of 1985 and by sifting through interviews with individuals who contributed to the work of TBP, this article complicates the narrative of TBP as a bluntly racist endeavour whilst questioning the white privilege and racially-charged demands that undergird its commemoration. The work of producing and preserving queer history is a vital means of challenging the intentional and strategic erasure of queer existence, but those who engage in such efforts must remain attentive to the unequal terrain of social relations within which remembering forms its objects.

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