SDR-Based Readout Electronics for the ECHo Experiment

Abstract Due to their excellent energy resolution, the intrinsically fast signal rise time, the huge energy dynamic range, and the almost ideally linear detector response, metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMC)s are very well suited for a variety of applications in physics. In particular, the ECHo experiment aims to utilize large-scale MMC-based detector arrays to investigate the mass of the electron neutrino. Reading out such arrays is a challenging task which can be tackled using microwave SQUID multiplexing. Here, the detector signals are transduced into frequency shifts of superconducting microwave resonators, which can be deduced using a high-end software-defined radio (SDR) system. The ECHo SDR system is a custom-made modular electronics, which provides 400 channels equally distributed in a 4 to 8 GHz frequency band. The system consists of a superheterodyne RF frequency converter with two successive mixers, a modular conversion, and an FPGA board. For channelization, a novel heterogeneous approach, utilizing the integrated digital down conversion (DDC) of the ADC, a polyphase channelizer, and another DDC for demodulation, is proposed. This approach has excellent channelization properties while being resource-efficient at the same time. After signal demodulation, on-FPGA flux-ramp demodulation processes the signals before streaming it to the data processing and storage backend.

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Research and Develop on Static Frequency Converter of Pumped Storage Power Plant

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1120 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 608-609 ◽

pp. 1120-1126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

De Shun Wang ◽

Bo Yang ◽

Lian Tao Ji

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Control Strategy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Frequency Converter ◽

Position Estimation ◽

Position Sensor ◽

Storage Unit ◽

Rotor Position ◽

Start Up ◽

Pumped Storage

A static frequency converter start-up control strategy for pumped-storage power unit is presented. And rotor position detecting without position sensor is realized according to voltage and magnetism equations of ideal synchronous motor mathematics model. The mechanism and implementation method of initial rotor position determination and rotor position estimation under low frequency without position sensor are expounded and validated by simulations. Based on the mentioned control strategy, first set of a static frequency converter start-up device in China for large-scale pumped-storage unit is developed, which is applied to start-up control test in the 90 MW generator/motor of Panjiakou Pumped-storage Power Plant. Test results show that rotor position detecting, pulse commutation, natural commutation, and unit synchronous procedure control of static start-up are all proved. The outcomes have been applied in running equipment, which proves the feasibility of mentioned method.

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High Dynamic Range (HDR) Signal Processing on Software-Defined Radio

2020 IEEE Sensors ◽

10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278809 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Phillip V. Do ◽

Jesse Hernandez ◽

Zhao Lu ◽

Danson Evan Garcia ◽

Steve Mann

Keyword(s):

Signal Processing ◽

Software Defined Radio ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

High Dynamic Range ◽

High Dynamic

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Wideband Reconfigurable Integrated Low-Pass Filter for 5G Compatible Software Defined Radio Solutions

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10060734 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 734

Author(s):

Karolis Kiela ◽

Marijan Jurgo ◽

Vytautas Macaitis ◽

Romualdas Navickas

Keyword(s):

Software Defined Radio ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

Noise Figure ◽

Harmonic Distortion ◽

Cmos Process ◽

Pass Filter ◽

Low Pass Filter ◽

Filter Performance ◽

Low Pass ◽

Bandwidth Tuning

This article presents a wideband reconfigurable integrated low-pass filter (LPF) for 5G NR compatible software-defined radio (SDR) solutions. The filter uses Active-RC topology to achieve high linearity performance. Its bandwidth can be tuned from 2.5 MHz to 200 MHz, which corresponds to a tuning ratio of 92.8. The order of the filter can be changed between the 2nd, 4th, or 6th order; it has built-in process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) compensation with a tuning range of ±42%; and power management features for optimization of the filter performance across its entire range of bandwidth tuning. Across its entire order, bandwidth, and power configuration range, the filter achieves in-band input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3) between 32.7 dBm and 45.8 dBm, spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) between 63.6 dB and 79.5 dB, 1 dB compression point (P1dB) between 9.9 dBm and 14.1 dBm, total harmonic distortion (THD) between −85.6 dB and −64.5 dB, noise figure (NF) between 25.9 dB and 31.8 dB and power dissipation between 1.19 mW and 73.4 mW. The LPF was designed and verified using 65 nm CMOS process; it occupies a 0.429 mm2 area of silicon and uses a 1.2 V supply.

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ANALYSIS OF THE FUCTIONAL ROLE OF RICE MILLING COMPANY ON THE WELFARE OF RICE FARMERS IN THE SUB-DISTRICT BUAY MADANG TIMUR DISTRICT OKU TIMUR

Jurnal AKTUAL ◽

10.47232/aktual.v16i1.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Aisah Aisah

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Small Scale ◽

Functional Roles ◽

Medium Scale ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Result Show ◽

Rice Milling ◽

Processing And Storage

Rice Milling Company is rice industry’s oldest and largest classified in Indonesia, which is able to absorb more than 10 million workers, handles more than 40 million tons of grain. Rice Milling Company agro-industy is the central point, because this is where the main product is obtained in the form of rice and raw materials for advanced processing of food and industrial products. Rice Miling Unit in the district of OKU Timur there is some skala, ranging form small-scale, medium-scale to large-scale. Fuctional benefits of each different scale milling is also different. The average rice farmers often sell gabahnya to the rice milling unit closest to the place residence, whether it is large-scale, medium and small. Rice produced by the milling-grinding different quality. Usually when a large-scale millimg yield of rice is cleaner than the other scale. But it does not become a reference for milling grain milling usually depends on consumer demand. The purpose of the study are : 1. To determine levels of volume (tonnage) and the retention time of each service fuctional rice storage (barns) wich carried a different scale rice milling unit. 2. To determine differences in the bebefits of economic transactions received by farmers and rice millers of different scale of business, especially when seen from the level of the milling costs, the purchase price of rice by rice milling unit, and the quality of milling services and service scale. The result show that : the fuctional role of each is different milling. Large-scale milling has three fuctional roles are : Processing, storage and distribution. Medium-scale miling functional has two roles, namely : processing and distribution. While small-scale rice milling unit has only two functional roles are : processing and storage.

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A novel neural prosthesis providing long-term electrocorticography recording and cortical stimulation for epilepsy and brain-computer interface

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2017.10.jns17400 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 130 (4) ◽

pp. 1166-1179 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pantaleo Romanelli ◽

Marco Piangerelli ◽

David Ratel ◽

Christophe Gaude ◽

Thomas Costecalde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonhuman Primate ◽

Large Scale ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Time Span ◽

Cortical Stimulation ◽

Neural Prosthesis ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Custom Made

OBJECTIVEWireless technology is a novel tool for the transmission of cortical signals. Wireless electrocorticography (ECoG) aims to improve the safety and diagnostic gain of procedures requiring invasive localization of seizure foci and also to provide long-term recording of brain activity for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, no wireless devices aimed at these clinical applications are currently available. The authors present the application of a fully implantable and externally rechargeable neural prosthesis providing wireless ECoG recording and direct cortical stimulation (DCS). Prolonged wireless ECoG monitoring was tested in nonhuman primates by using a custom-made device (the ECoG implantable wireless 16-electrode [ECOGIW-16E] device) containing a 16-contact subdural grid. This is a preliminary step toward large-scale, long-term wireless ECoG recording in humans.METHODSThe authors implanted the ECOGIW-16E device over the left sensorimotor cortex of a nonhuman primate (Macaca fascicularis), recording ECoG signals over a time span of 6 months. Daily electrode impedances were measured, aiming to maintain the impedance values below a threshold of 100 KΩ. Brain mapping was obtained through wireless cortical stimulation at fixed intervals (1, 3, and 6 months). After 6 months, the device was removed. The authors analyzed cortical tissues by using conventional histological and immunohistological investigation to assess whether there was evidence of damage after the long-term implantation of the grid.RESULTSThe implant was well tolerated; no neurological or behavioral consequences were reported in the monkey, which resumed his normal activities within a few hours of the procedure. The signal quality of wireless ECoG remained excellent over the 6-month observation period. Impedance values remained well below the threshold value; the average impedance per contact remains approximately 40 KΩ. Wireless cortical stimulation induced movements of the upper and lower limbs, and elicited fine movements of the digits as well. After the monkey was euthanized, the grid was found to be encapsulated by a newly formed dural sheet. The grid removal was performed easily, and no direct adhesions of the grid to the cortex were found. Conventional histological studies showed no cortical damage in the brain region covered by the grid, except for a single microscopic spot of cortical necrosis (not visible to the naked eye) in a region that had undergone repeated procedures of electrical stimulation. Immunohistological studies of the cortex underlying the grid showed a mild inflammatory process.CONCLUSIONSThis preliminary experience in a nonhuman primate shows that a wireless neuroprosthesis, with related long-term ECoG recording (up to 6 months) and multiple DCSs, was tolerated without sequelae. The authors predict that epilepsy surgery could realize great benefit from this novel prosthesis, providing an extended time span for ECoG recording.

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Toward Polymorphic Internet of Things Receivers Through Real-Time Waveform-Level Deep Learning

GetMobile Mobile Computing and Communications ◽

10.1145/3511285.3511294 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Francesco Restuccia ◽

Tommaso Melodia

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Internet Of Things ◽

Real Time ◽

Software Defined Radio ◽

Wireless Systems ◽

Physical World ◽

Wireless Protocols ◽

Key Innovation ◽

Custom Made ◽

Time Waveform

Wireless systems such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are changing the way we interact with the cyber and the physical world. As IoT systems become more and more pervasive, it is imperative to design wireless protocols that can effectively and efficiently support IoT devices and operations. On the other hand, today's IoT wireless systems are based on inflexible designs, which makes them inefficient and prone to a variety of wireless attacks. In this paper, we introduce the new notion of a deep learning-based polymorphic IoT receiver, able to reconfigure its waveform demodulation strategy itself in real time, based on the inferred waveform parameters. Our key innovation is the introduction of a novel embedded deep learning architecture that enables the solution of waveform inference problems, which is then integrated into a generalized hardware/software architecture with radio components and signal processing. Our polymorphic wireless receiver is prototyped on a custom-made software-defined radio platform. We show through extensive over-the-air experiments that the system achieves throughput within 87% of a perfect-knowledge Oracle system, thus demonstrating for the first time that polymorphic receivers are feasible.

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Implementation of Transceiver module for SDR system using ADALM PLUTO platform

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.6.20490 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.6) ◽

pp. 279

Author(s):

Sowjanya. P. ◽

Satyanarayana P.

Keyword(s):

Software Defined Radio ◽

Large Scale ◽

Technology Development ◽

New Technology ◽

Software Radio ◽

Radio Station ◽

Radio Communication ◽

Radio Stations ◽

Open Standard ◽

Software Modules

Software Defined Radio (SDR) provides a comprehensive radio communication platform, based on which new technology can be used through software update. This leads to a large-scale reduction in expansion costs and enables the product to maintain technology development. The SDR platform can be set up with an open, standard, and programmable hardware platform, based on which the functions of the radio can be perceived by adding appropriate software modules. In this platform, the transformation and expansion of the radio functions are done in a software version without the need for a modification of the equipment. Such software radio station can easily communicate with the current or upcoming radio stations. In this article, we analyze SDR evolution and various platforms and implement various modulation techniques with the aim of successfully transferring a message wirelessly over-the-air using ADALM-PLUTO SDR platform by Analog Devices.

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A Class-E Amplifier for a Loosely Coupled Inductive Power Transfer System with Multiple Receivers

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12061165 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alexander Sutor ◽

Martin Heining ◽

Rainer Buchholz

Keyword(s):

Penetration Depth ◽

Large Scale ◽

Near Field ◽

Intermediate Frequency ◽

Power Input ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Driving Frequency ◽

Light Emitters ◽

Custom Made ◽

Class E

We present a method for optimizing the electronic power system for a new type of photobioreactor or photoreactor in general. In the case of photobioreactors, photosynthetic active microorganisms or cells are grown. A novel concept for the illumination of photobioreactors was necessary, as the external illumination of those reactors leads to a limited penetration depth of light. Due to the limited penetration depth, no standard reactors can be use for cultivation, but custom made reactors with very small volume to surface ratio have to be used. This still prevents the technology from a large scale industrial impact. The solution we propose in this paper is an internal illumination via Wireless Light Emitters. This increases the manageable culture volume of photosynthetic active microorganisms or cells. The illumination system is based on floating light emitters, which are powered wirelessly by near field resonant inductive coupling. The floating light emitters are able to illuminate a photobioreactor more homogeneously than external illumination systems do. We designed a class-E amplifier and field coils to produce an intermediate frequency electromagnetic field inside the reactor. An appropriate magnetic flux density was found to be approx. B = 1 mT and the driving frequency is f = 176 kHz. We conducted experiments with a laboratory size photoreactor. The cultivation volume was 30 L containing up to 3000 WLEs. The maximum electric power input was more than 300 W and we calculated an efficiency of up to 76%.

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A Novel Highly Linear Voltage-To-Time Converter (VTC) Circuit for Time-Based Analog-To-Digital Converters (ADC) Using Body Biasing

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics9122033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2033

Author(s):

Ahmed Elgreatly ◽

Ahmed Dessouki ◽

Hassan Mostafa ◽

Rania Abdalla ◽

El-sayed El-Rabaie

Keyword(s):

Power Consumption ◽

Software Defined Radio ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

Supply Voltage ◽

Cmos Technology ◽

The Body ◽

Analog To Digital Converters ◽

Clock Frequency ◽

Analog To Digital ◽

Operation Speed

Time-based analog-to-digital converter is considered a crucial part in the design of software-defined radio receivers for its higher performance than other analog-to-digital converters in terms of operation speed, input dynamic range and power consumption. In this paper, two novel voltage-to-time converters are proposed at which the input voltage signal is connected to the body terminal of the starving transistor rather than its gate terminal. These novel converters exhibit better linearity, which is analytically proven in this paper. The maximum linearity error is reduced to 0.4%. In addition, the input dynamic range of these converters is increased to 800 mV for a supply voltage of 1.2 V by using industrial hardware-calibrated TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology. These novel designs consist of only a single inverter stage, which results in reducing the layout area and the power consumption. The overall power consumption is 18 μW for the first proposed circuit and 15 μW for the second proposed circuit. The novel converter circuits have a resolution of 5 bits and operate at a maximum clock frequency of 500 MHz.

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Comparative Evaluation of Data Dependent and Data Independent Acquisition Workflows Implemented on an Orbitrap Fusion for Untargeted Metabolomics

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo10040158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 158 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pierre Barbier Saint Hilaire ◽

Kathleen Rousseau ◽

Alexandre Seyer ◽

Sylvain Dechaumet ◽

Annelaure Damont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Plasma ◽

Large Scale ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Mass Analyzer ◽

Data Resource ◽

Data Independent Acquisition ◽

Low Mass ◽

Type Data ◽

Identification And Quantification

Constant improvements to the Orbitrap mass analyzer, such as acquisition speed, resolution, dynamic range and sensitivity have strengthened its value for the large-scale identification and quantification of metabolites in complex biological matrices. Here, we report the development and optimization of Data Dependent Acquisition (DDA) and Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment ions (SWATH-type) Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) workflows on a high-field Orbitrap FusionTM TribridTM instrument for the robust identification and quantification of metabolites in human plasma. By using a set of 47 exogenous and 72 endogenous molecules, we compared the efficiency and complementarity of both approaches. We exploited the versatility of this mass spectrometer to collect meaningful MS/MS spectra at both high- and low-mass resolution and various low-energy collision-induced dissociation conditions under optimized DDA conditions. We also observed that complex and composite DIA-MS/MS spectra can be efficiently exploited to identify metabolites in plasma thanks to a reference tandem spectral library made from authentic standards while also providing a valuable data resource for further identification of unknown metabolites. Finally, we found that adding multi-event MS/MS acquisition did not degrade the ability to use survey MS scans from DDA and DIA workflows for the reliable absolute quantification of metabolites down to 0.05 ng/mL in human plasma.

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