Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 Promotes Intestinal Motility, Mucin Production, and Serotonin Signaling in Mice

AbstractLactobacillus plantarum PS128 has been reported as a psychobiotic to improve mental health through the gut–brain axis in experimental animal models. To explore its mechanism of action in the gut, this study aimed to analyze the effects of L. plantarum PS128 ingestion on naïve and loperamide (Lop)-induced constipation mice. We found that, in the two mouse models, the weight, number, and water content of feces in the L. plantarum PS128 group were higher than those in the vehicle control group. Histological observation revealed that L. plantarum PS128 increased the level of colonic mucins including the major mucin MUC2. In addition, the charcoal meal test showed that L. plantarum PS128 significantly increased the small intestine transit in naïve mice, but not in the Lop-treated mice. Since intestinal serotonin has been found to modulate motility, we further analyzed the expression of genes related to serotonin signal transduction in the small intestine of naïve mice. The results showed that L. plantarum PS128 significantly altered the expression levels of Tph1, Chga, Slc6a4, and Htr4, but did not affect the expression levels of Tph2, Htr3a, and Maoa. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed that L. plantarum PS128 significantly increased the number of serotonin-containing intestinal cells in mice. Taken together, our results suggest that L. plantarum PS128 could promote intestinal motility, mucin production, and serotonin signal transduction, leading to a laxative effect in mice.

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Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum CQPC10 on Activated Carbon Induced Constipation in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) Mice

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8091498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1498 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jing Zhang ◽

Xianrong Zhou ◽

Benshou Chen ◽

Xingyao Long ◽

Jianfei Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽

Control Group ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Oxide Synthase

Chinese Paocai is a traditional fermented food containing an abundance of beneficial microorganisms. In this study, the microorganisms in Szechwan Paocai were isolated and identified, and a strain of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC10, LP-CQPC10) was found to exert an inhibitory effect on constipation. Microorganisms were isolated and identified via 16S rDNA. Activated carbon was used to induce constipation in a mouse model and the inhibitory effect of LP-CQPC10 on this induced constipation was investigated via both pathological sections and qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). A strain of Lactobacillus plantarum was identified and named LP-CQPC10. The obtained results showed that, as compared to the control group, LP-CQPC10 significantly inhibited the amount, weight, and water content of faeces. The defecation time of the first tarry stool was significantly shorter in LP-CQPC10 groups than in the control group. The activated carbon progradation rate was significantly higher when compared to the control group and the effectiveness was improved. LP-CQPC10 increased the serum levels of MTL (motilin), Gas (gastrin), ET (endothelin), AchE (acetylcholinesterase), SP (substance P), and VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide), while decreasing the SS (somatostatin) level. Furthermore, it improved the GSH (glutathione) level and decreased the MPO (myeloperoxidase), MDA (malondialdehyde), and NO (nitric oxide) levels. The results of qPCR indicated that LP-CQPC10 significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of c-Kit, SCF (stem cell factor), GDNF (glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor), eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase), and AQP3 (aquaporin-3), while down-regulating the expression levels of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1), iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), and AQP9 (aquaporin-9). LP-CQPC10 showed a good inhibitory effect on experimentally induced constipation, and the obtained effectiveness is superior to that of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, indicating the better probiotic potential of this strain.

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The expression of Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer and Ago-2 genes are upregulated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under hyperglycemic condition

Endocrine Regulations ◽

10.2478/enr-2018-0014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 123-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Farhad Ghadiri Soufi ◽

Ali Akbar Poursadegh Zonouzi ◽

Ebrahim Eftekhar ◽

Kamila Kamali ◽

Sara Aghakhani Chegeni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Umbilical Vein ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Mirnas Expression ◽

Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ◽

Mrna Expression Levels

AbstractObjectives. It has been shown that dysregulation of miRNAs expression contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of the diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer, and Ago-2 are involved in the miRNA maturation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mRNA expression levels of these genes in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hyperglycemic condition.Methods. HUVECs were cultured in normo-(5 mM) and hyperglycemic (25 mM) conditions for 24 h. As osmotic control, cells were treated with D-mannitol (25 mM, for 24 h). The mRNA expression levels of Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer and Ago-2 were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.Results. The expression level of Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer, and Ago-2 were increased in hyperglycemic HUVECs compared to the control group.Conclusion. Our results show that under hyperglycemic condition, expression of genes involved in the miRNA maturation was significantly increased in HUVECs. Upregulation of these genes may have role in diabetic complications through the dysregulation of the miRNA expression.

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Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 on Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in ICR Mice

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina54050089 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jing Zhang ◽

Benshou Chen ◽

Baosi Liu ◽

Xianrong Zhou ◽

Jianfei Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Transient Receptor Potential ◽

Receptor Potential ◽

Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Intragastric Administration ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Microbial Identification

Background and objectives: Paocai (pickled cabbage), which is fermented by lactic acid bacteria, is a traditional Chinese food. The microorganisms of Paocai were isolated and identified, and the constipation inhibition effect of one of the isolated Lactobacillus was investigated. Materials and Methods: The 16S rDNA technology was used for microbial identification. A mouse constipation model was established using activated carbon. After intragastric administration of Lactobacillus (109 CFU/mL), the mice were dissected to prepare pathological sections of the small intestine. Serum indicators were detected using kits, and the expression of small intestine-related mRNAs was detected by qPCR assay. Results: One strain of Lactobacillus was identified and named Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC03 (LF-CQPC03). Body weight and activated carbon propulsion rate were all higher in mice intragastrically administered with LF-CQPC03 compared with the control group, while the time to the first black stool in treated mice was lower than that in the control group. Serum assays showed that gastrin (Gas), endothelin (ET), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) levels were significantly higher in the LF-CQPC03-treated mice than in the control group, while somatostatin (SS) levels were significantly lower than in the control mice. Mouse small intestine tissue showed that c-Kit, stem cell factor (SCF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the LF-CQPC03 treated mice than in control mice, while transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels were significantly lower in the LF-CQPC03 treated mice than in control mice. Conclusions: There is a better effect with high-dose LF-CQPC03, compared to the lower dose (LF-CQPC03-L), showing good probiotic potential, as well as development and application value.

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Lactobacillus Plantarum CQPC05 Isolated from Pickled Vegetables Inhibits Constipation in Mice

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9010159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 159 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fang Li ◽

Hong Zhou ◽

Xianrong Zhou ◽

Ruokun Yi ◽

Jianfei Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Stem Cell Factor ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Pickled Vegetables

This study mainly investigated the influences of Lactobacillus plantarum CQPC05 (CQPC05) isolated from pickled vegetables on mouse constipation caused by activated carbon water. We used 16S rDNA technology to identify the microorganism, and activated carbon to establish a mouse constipation model. After the mice received L. plantarum (109 CFU/mL) by gavage, small intestine tissue sections were collected. The serum indices and small intestine-related mRNA expression were obtained. A strain of L. plantarum was identified, and named CQPC05. The body weight and activated carbon progradation rate in the mice of the CQPC05 treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the excretion time of the first tarry stool was earlier than that of the control group. The results of serum indices indicated that serum gastrin (Gas), endothelin (ET), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) levels in the CQPC05 treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the somatostatin (SS) level was significantly lower. Compared to the constipation control group, the result of q-PCR demonstrated that CQPC05 could up-regulate the mRNA expression of c-Kit (stem cell factor receptor), SCF (stem cell factor), and GDNF (glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor) genes, and down-regulate the expression of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1) and iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase). In conclusion, L. plantarum CQPC05 can effectively alleviate constipation, and has good probiotic potential and application value.

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Expression Levels of MicroRNA-125b in Serum Exosomes of Patients with Asthma of Different Severity and its Diagnostic Significance

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200220666191021100001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 781-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meizhen Zhao ◽

Li Juanjuan ◽

Fan Weijia ◽

Xie Jing ◽

Huang Qiuhua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Persistent Asthma ◽

Asthma Severity ◽

Control Group ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Diagnostic Efficacy ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Serum Exosomes

Background: This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of microRNA (miRNA)-125b in serum exosomes and its diagnostic efficacy for asthma severity. Methods: The study included 80 patients with untreated asthma and 80 healthy volunteers. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to disease severity: 20 with the intermittent state, 20 with the mildly persistent state, 20 with the moderately persistent state, and 20 with the severely persistent state. The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes of each group were detected using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared. The Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between the expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes and asthma severity. The diagnostic efficacy of the expression levels of miRNA-125b in exosomes for asthma severity was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes of patients with intermittent, mildly persistent, moderately persistent, and severely persistent asthma were all higher than those in the healthy control group, with statistically significant differences. The expression levels of miRNA-125b were also statistically significantly different among patients in each group. The Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation of the relative expression of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes with asthma severity. The area under the ROC curve of the diagnostic efficacy of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes for patients with intermittent, mildly, moderately, and severely persistent asthma was 0.7770, 0.8573, 0.9111, and 0.9995, respectively. Conclusion: The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes had a high diagnostic efficacy and might serve as a noninvasive diagnostic marker for asthma severity.

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Biodistribution of the radiophamarceutical sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) after massive small bowel resection in rats

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-86502007000600003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 430-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dâmaso de Araújo Chacon ◽

Irami Araújo-Filho ◽

Arthur Villarim-Neto ◽

Amália Cínthia Meneses Rêgo ◽

Ítalo Medeiros Azevedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Short Bowel Syndrome ◽

Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Intestinal Resection ◽

Small Bowel Resection ◽

Control Group ◽

Short Bowel ◽

Massive Resection ◽

Mucosal Thickness ◽

Misleading Interpretation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biodistribution of sodium pertecnetate (Na99mTcO4) in organs and tissues, the morphometry of remnant intestinal mucosa and ponderal evolution in rats subjected to massive resection of the small intestine. METHODS: Twenty-one Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of 7 animals each. The short bowel (SB) group was subjected to massive resection of the small intestine; the control group (C) rats were not operated on, and soft intestinal handling was performed in sham rats. The animals were weighed weekly. On the 30th postoperative day, 0.l mL of Na99mTcO4, with mean activity of 0.66 MBq was injected intravenously into the orbital plexus. After 30 minutes, the rats were killed with an overdose of anesthetic, and fragments of the liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, thyroid, lung, heart, kidney, bladder, muscle, femur and brain were harvested. The biopsies were washed with 0.9% NaCl.,The radioactivity was counted using Gama Counter WizardTM 1470, PerkinElmer. The percentage of radioactivity per gram of tissue (%ATI/g) was calculated. Biopsies of the remaining jejunum were analysed by HE staining to obtain mucosal thickness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons were used, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in %ATI/g of the Na99mTcO4 in the organs of the groups studied (p>0.05). An increase in the weight of the SB rats was observed after the second postoperative week. The jejunal mucosal thickness of the SB rats was significantly greater than that of C and sham rats (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In rats with experimentally-produced short bowel syndrome, an adaptive response by the intestinal mucosa reduced weight loss. The biodistribution of Na99mTcO4 was not affected by massive intestinal resection, suggesting that short bowel syndrome is not the cause of misleading interpretation, if an examination using this radiopharmaceutical is indicated.

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Supplementation of Lactobacillus early in life alters attention bias to threat in piglets

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89560-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Else Verbeek ◽

Johan Dicksved ◽

Linda Keeling

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Attention Bias ◽

Control Group ◽

Emotional States ◽

Beneficial Microbes ◽

Gut Microbes ◽

Suitable Tool ◽

Vigilance Behaviour

AbstractGut microbes play an important role in regulating brain processes and influence behaviour, cognition and emotional states in humans and rodents. Nevertheless, it is not known how ingestion of beneficial microbes modulates emotional states in piglets and whether it can improve welfare. Here we use an attention bias task to assess the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC-PTA-6475 and Lactobacillus plantarum L1-6 supplementation early in life on emotional states in 33 piglets compared to 31 placebo supplemented piglets. We hypothesized that Lactobacillus supplementation would reduce vigilance behaviour (head at shoulder height or higher) and attention (head oriented towards the threat) in response to an auditory threat. The results showed that the control group increased vigilance behaviour in response to the threat, but there was no increase in the probiotics group. Despite the increased vigilance, the control group paid less attention to the threat. One explanation may be that control piglets avoided looking in the direction of the threat just because they perceived it as more threatening, but further research is necessary to confirm this. In conclusion, Lactobacillus supplementation may be a suitable tool to reduce anxiety, promote a more appropriate response to a challenge and so improve welfare.

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The Assessment of IL-21 and IL-22 at the mRNA Level in Tumor Tissue and Protein Concentration in Serum and Peritoneal Fluid in Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10143058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 3058

Author(s):

Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz ◽

Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs ◽

Marta Smycz-Kubańska ◽

Jarosław Strzelczyk ◽

Wojciech Szanecki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

First Time ◽

Ovarian Serous Cancer

The aim of the analysis was for the first time to assess the expression of genes encoding IL-21 and IL-22 at the mRNA level in ovarian tumor specimens and the concentration of these parameters in serum and peritoneal fluid in patients with ovarian serous cancer. The levels of IL-21 and IL-22 transcripts were evaluated with the use of the real-time RT-qPCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentration of proteins. Quantitative analysis of IL-21 gene mRNA in the tumor tissue showed the highest activity in the G1 degree of histopathological differentiation and was higher in G1 compared to the control group. The concentration of IL-21 and IL-22 in the serum and in the peritoneal fluid of women with ovarian cancer varied depending on the degree of histopathological differentiation of the cancer and showed statistical variability compared to controls. The conducted studies have shown that the local and systemic changes in the immune system involving IL-21 and IL-22 indicate the participation of these parameters in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and modulation in the IL-21/IL-22 system may prove useful in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies used in patients, which require further research.

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Antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 in an animal model of aging

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02248-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qingfeng Ge ◽

Bo Yang ◽

Rui Liu ◽

Donglei Jiang ◽

Hai Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Meat Product ◽

The Other ◽

Oxidative Stress Marker ◽

Control Group ◽

Intragastric Administration ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Sterile Saline

Abstract Background Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause serious damage to the human body and may cause various chronic diseases. Studies have found that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have antioxidant and anti-aging effects, and are important resources for the development of microbial antioxidants. This paper was to explore the potential role of an antioxidant strain, Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 screened from traditional dry-cured meat product Jinhua Ham in regulating D-galactose-induced subacute senescence of mice. A total of 48 specific pathogen free Kun Ming mice (SPF KM mice) were randomly allocated into 6 groups: control group with sterile saline injection, aging group with subcutaneously injection of D-galactose, treatments groups with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 107, 108, and 109 CFU/mL L. plantarum NJAU-01, and positive control group with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 1 mg/mL Vitamin C. Results The results showed that the treatment group of L. plantarum NJAU-01 at 109 CFU/mL showed higher total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) than those of the other groups in serum, heart and liver. In contrast, the content of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) showed lower levels than the other groups (P < 0.05). The antioxidant capacity was improved with the supplement of the increasing concentration of L. plantarum NJAU-01. Conclusions Thus, this study demonstrates that L. plantarum NJAU-01 can alleviate oxidative stress by increasing the activities of enzymes involved in oxidation resistance and decreasing level of lipid oxidation in mice.

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Elevated Expression of SLC6A4 Encoding the Serotonin Transporter (SERT) in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12010086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Mathis Hildonen ◽

Amanda M. Levy ◽

Christina Dahl ◽

Victoria A. Bjerregaard ◽

Lisbeth Birk Møller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tourette Syndrome ◽

Serotonin Transporter ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽

Control Group ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Elevated Expression ◽

Gene Expression Levels

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. Most of the GTS individuals have comorbid diagnoses, of which obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the most common. Several neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in disease pathogenesis, and amongst these, the dopaminergic and the serotonergic pathways are the most widely studied. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene (SLC6A4) was differentially expressed among GTS individuals compared to healthy controls, and whether DNA variants (the SERT-linked polymorphic region 5-HTTLPR, together with the associated rs25531 and rs25532 variants, and the rare Ile425Val variant) or promoter methylation of SLC6A4 were associated with gene expression levels or with the presence of OCD as comorbidity. We observed that SLC6A4 expression is upregulated in GTS individuals compared to controls. Although no specific genotype, allele or haplotype was overrepresented in GTS individuals compared to controls, we observed that the LAC/LAC genotype of the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531/rs25532 three-locus haplotype was associated with higher SLC6A4 mRNA expression levels in GTS individuals, but not in the control group.

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