Cognitive factors in social adaptation of opium addicts in remission

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S320-S320
Author(s):  
L. Tursunkhodjaeva ◽  
L. Muzaffarova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Verbal Messages

Given significant influence of factors contributing or preventing social adaptation of drug addicts after termination of drug abuse on the stabilization of remission, their study is quite a challenge. To study cognitive factors in social adaptation of opium addicts in remission, a patient's ability to predict people's behavior in various everyday situations, to discern intentions, feelings and emotional states of a person by non-verbal and verbal expression we used M. Sullivan's method in examination of 75 opium addicts at the Republican Tertiary Detox Center.More than 80% of the patients demonstrated low scores in a number of subtests, such as “a story to be completed”, “a verbal expression” and “a story to be extended”. That was the evidence for the patients’ poor understanding association between behavior and its consequences, which can cause them to get into conflict or dangerous situations. The patients had poor ability to understand changes in initial meanings of verbal reactions by the context of the situation caused. They poorly discerned various meanings one and the same verbal messages may have by the character of relationships between people and peculiarities of communication. Even during the period of prolonged withdrawal, the patients are found to poorly discern associations between behavior and outcomes, to misunderstand character of social relationships, and find it difficult to predict people's behavior. All above makes difficult the process of interaction with the persons surrounding them, reduces possibilities for social adaptation, prevent stabilization of remission and poses the risk of the addiction recurrence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Anti-craving biofeedback program in clinical course of pathological addictions

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s879-s879
Author(s):  
I. Sosin ◽  
Y. Chuev ◽  
A. Volkov ◽  
O. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Individual Preference ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
External Monitoring ◽  
Computer Testing ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Monitoring Module ◽  
And Control

IntroductionModern clinical narcology searches for anti-craving programs to overcome psychoactive substances (PAS) pathological addiction with bio-adaptive regulation of systems (BARS).Aims and objectivesTo develop computer modified biofeedback program integrated with Luscher test.MethodTwenty-two PAS addicts who were undergoing biofeedback modified psycho-training were examined. Computer rheoencephalogram (REG) was used as an external monitoring module.ResultsTechnologically novel biofeedback computer modification was developed with preceding Luscher computer testing for determination of the individual preference colour and the colour producing individual unpleasant associations in respondents. Consequently, biofeedback program was corrected differentially by changing standard colour templates for those personified on monitor. Cerebral hemodynamics condition transferred to individually designed for a particular respondent colour registers is used as a homeostatic parameter reflecting alcohol craving presence/absence: in case of the disordered REG parameters the signal reflects the respondent's unpleasant (negative) colour, and with no craving the screen is filled with positive, pleasant, favourite colour. During BARS auto-training the respondents’ skills to mediate present subjective clinical PAS craving manifestations with unpleasant colour and the experimental auto-training method have been mastered, and those psycho emotional states which displace PAS craving symbolic colour from the screen are selected, and it is substituted with favourite colour (symbol of healthy mode of life motivations).ConclusionsUsage of combined BARS biofeedback improved effectiveness of the training and allowed to objectivize and control the condition of the patient getting reliable visual and digital information about either regress or activation of PAS craving and potential relapse of addictive behaviour.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Drug abuse and serum nutritional biomarkers: A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Alfonso Daniel Silva Ochoa ◽  
José Alejandro Valdevila Figueira ◽  
Rocío Valdevila Santiesteban ◽  
Diego Javier Estrella Almeida ◽  
Luz Maria Valencia Erazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Convenience Sample

Introduction: Drug abuse is a public health problem around the globe. Its implications in human health are harmful, compromising nutritional status. It has been shown that malnutrition is moderately prevalent in drug addicts, and a nutritional prescription is significantly beneficial for these patients. Available literature suggests altered blood serum biochemical data in drug addicts. Our study focused on blood serum nutritional biomarkers in drug addicts who did not have a nutritional assessment or treatment. This study aimed to analyze nutritional blood serum biomarkers in subjects diagnosed with drug addiction from January 2010 to June 2020.Methods: The research was a retrospective cohort, analytical, observational, and was based on a convenience sample. Data about blood serum AST, ALT, fasting glucose, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and hemoglobin were analyzed from a database of 103 subjects diagnosed with mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of drugs and other psychoactive substances (ICD-10: F10-F19) in the Institute of Neurosciences (INC). Consumed drugs were alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, MDNA, opioids, marijuana, and psychotropic drugs. Results: The medians of hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL, and creatinine statistically differed between genders and age groups. There were more cases of low blood hemoglobin and hyperglycemia levels in men, (20.4, and 8.7%, respectively) than women (4.9%, and 0%, respectively). There were low levels of fasting glucose in 8.8% of our sample. Serum creatinine levels were significantly increased in subjects aged 30 or more. Conclusions:In our sample, there were statistically different medians of hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL, and creatinine among groups of gender and age in drug addicts. All medians were within the normal range.

scholarly journals Therianthropy: Wellbeing, Schizotypy, and Autism in Individuals Who Self-Identify as Non-Human

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-426
Author(s):  
Helen Clegg ◽  
Roz Collings ◽  
Elizabeth C. Roxburgh
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractTherianthropy is the belief that one is at least part non-human animal. This study aimed to address the dichotomization surrounding therianthropy in relation to mental health and wellbeing. One hundred and twelve therians and 265 non-therians completed Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Wellbeing, the O-LIFE questionnaire, and the Autism Spectrum Quotient. The results showed that therians scored lower on variables that are associated with positive social relationships. Such findings may be explained by cognitive factors and/or social factors that are associated with the stigmatization of cross-species identities. However, being a therian moderated the relationship between both autism and introverted anhedonia in relation to autonomy. Thus, a therian identity may act as a protective factor for those experiencing higher levels of autism and schizotypy.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN REHABILITASI TERHADAP PENYALAH GUNA NARKOTIKA PADA UNDANG – UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG NARKOTIKA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
IDA BAGUS PUTU SWADHARMA DIPUTRA
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Journal Writing ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Way

Positive law states, drug users are criminals because it has met the qualifications in the law of narcotics, narcotic offenses such as drug abuse in the study of criminology can be classified as a crime without a victim or a victimless crime. This is because they will become dependent on illicit goods (narcotics), the way it deems appropriate to cure the addiction is to rehabilitate the victims of drug abuse For law journal writing, the writer uses normative legal research with one character is using secondary data, where the data consists of primary legal materials, legal materials and secondary legal materials tertiary. And the theoretical foundation that is used is the law, norms and theories appropriate to the problem The results reveal the writing on the rehabilitation policy on Narcotics has been strictly regulated in Chapter IX legislation, policies were aimed at drug addicts and victims of drug abuse, arguing that victims of drug abuse is a victim of crime narcotics and therefore the appropriate sanctions to be meted out to him is the rehabilitation of the victims will be able to return to society and become useful

A broken heart

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S422-S423
Author(s):  
M.J. Gordillo Montaño ◽  
S. Ramos Perdigues ◽  
S. Latorre ◽  
M. de Amuedo Rincon ◽  
P. Torres Llorens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Function ◽  
Mood Stabilizer ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Cardiac Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionWithin the various cultures and throughout the centuries has observed the relationship between emotional states and heart function, colloquially calling him “heartbroken”. Also in the medical literature are references to cardiac alterations induced by stress.ObjectiveTakotsubo is a rare cardiac syndrome that occurs most frequently in postmenopausal women after an acute episode of severe physical or emotional stress. In the text that concerns us, we describe a case related to an exacerbation of psychiatric illness, an episode maniform.MethodWoman 71 years old with a history of bipolar I disorder diagnosed at age 20. Throughout her life, she suffered several depressive episodes as both manic episodes with psychotic symptoms. Carbamazepine treatment performed and venlafaxine. He previously performed treatment with lithium, which had to be suspended due to the impact on thyroid hormones and renal function, and is currently in pre-dialysis situation.She requires significant adjustment treatment, not only removal of antidepressants, but introduction of high doses of antipsychotic and mood stabilizer change of partial responders. In the transcurso income, abrupt change in the physical condition of the patient suffers loss of consciousness, respiratory distress, drop in blood pressure, confusion, making involving several specialists. EEG was performed with abnormal activity, cranial CT, where no changes were observed, and after finally being Echocardiography and coronary angiography performed when diagnosed Takotsubo.Results/conclusionsIn this case and with the available literature, we can conclude that the state of acute mania should be added to the list of psychosocial/stressors that can trigger this condition.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Vivation breathing technique as a way to work out a reduced level of subjective vitality

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Tatyana Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Subjective Vitality ◽  
Language Version ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Psychological Assistance

The article discusses the theoretical and practical foundations of breathing practice. As shown in scientific studies, respiratory psychotechnics contribute to the development of regulation of negative emotional states, mastery of the basics of psychophysical and psychoenergetic self-regulation, and also have a pronounced volitional aspect. The subject of research in this article are the features of using the breathing technique of Vision in order to study a reduced level of subjective vitality. The purpose of this work was in experimentally study of the effect of respiratory psychotechnics on the level of subjective vitality. To achieve this goal the Russian-language version of the methodology for determining subjective vitality developed in the framework of the theory of self-determination by R. Ryan and S. Frederick in the modification of L.A. Alexandrova. In order to study the effect of the breathing technique of Vival on the states and personality traits that are of paramount importance for the process of social adaptation and regulation of behavior, the Freiburg multifactor personality questionnaire FPI was used. The respondents were 48 persons who were employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The obtained results allow us to optimize the work of providing psychological assistance to the employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in a situation of reducing the level of subjective vitality.

Drug Addiction and Juvenile Justice

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-696
Author(s):  
Gilda Scardaccione
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Service Agencies

Drug abuse in juveniles is a complex juridical matter. There is neither specific legislation enacted nor special therapeutic programs for deviant populations of this age. Statistics are limited to drug addicts who have been involved with state agencies, such as administrative, judicial or police departments. In recent years some reforms have been enacted, especially for procedural aspects of the trial. Legislation now in force offers opportunities for alternative dispositions for juvenile drug addicts, including educational programs under the supervision of social service agencies. This situation can be improved further by better coordination between drug abuse legislation and juridical norms concerning the procedural phase of the trial. The problem of juveniles and drug abuse, especially when organized crime is involved, has distinctive characteristics which require different control strategies. Peer group influences seem to be the primary psychological dynamic motivating adolescent drug abuse.

Pregabalin Pain and Anxiety Treatment in Oncological Patient–Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S669-S670
Author(s):  
D. Popovic ◽  
D. Pavicevic
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Oncological Patient ◽  
Anxiety Control ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Treatment ◽  
Competing Interest

Severe side effects of chemotherapy during treatment of malignant disease significantly disrupt patient's mental and physical state. Seventy five-years-old female patient was treated for breast cancer by protocol (operation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy-paclitaxel (CHT-PX) every tree weeks) and for dysthymia and generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram (ESC). Tramadol (TRA) and clonazepam (KLO) given by oncologist due to severe side effects of CHT-PX: muscle cramps, lower back pain, walking difficulties, had partial results, increased anxiety and drug abuse (TRA doses increase from 100 to 300 mg/day and KLO from 4 to 6 mg/day). Efficiency of pregabalin (PG) in pain and anxiety control during CHT-PX application. The assessment was made by 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), which assessed physical symptom severity and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) on the first day after CHT-PX application, on the 7th, 14th and 21th day. Effective PG dose was 300 mg/day with EST, KLO and TRA previously taken. On the first day after CHT-PX, patient rated pain level as 9 according to VAS. During TRA and KLO treatment, pain level on VAS was 6 from the 7th till 14th day after CHT-PX, on 21th day deceased to 2. HAMA score was 49. After PG augmentation, according to VAS, pain level was 3 on the 7th day and 0 on 14th day. HAMA score was 20. Tapering off the dose of TRA and KLO started till discontinuation of both medications. Pregabalin efficiency in pain and anxiety control increase compliance of oncological patient and reduce harm of drug abuse.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

From Adaptive Emotion to Dysfunction: An Attachment Perspective on Social Anxiety Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances M. Vertue
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Internal Working Models ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Internal Working ◽  
Interpersonal Goals

In this article, existing theories of social anxiety are integrated within the framework of attachment theory, in particular, by means of the causal mechanism of internal working models of self and others. These models guide beliefs and expectations about social relationships and, thereby, contribute to social anxiety. They also contain, procedural knowledge about the skills needed to initiate and maintain social relationships. A reconceptualization of social skill as the ability to regulate others' emotions and, thereby, their behavior is presented. It is suggested that deficits (real or imagined) in the ability to affect others' emotional states, and, thereby; achieve interpersonal goals, contribute to social anxiety. The integrated model is evaluated by a number of theory-goodness criteria, and directions for future research are discussed.

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