A photothermal system for wastewater disposal and co-generation of clean water and electricity

2021 ◽  
pp. 107124
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wu ◽  
Chenyang Dang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Mengli Li ◽  
Mingming Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clean Water ◽  
Wastewater Disposal

scholarly journals Peran Air dan Sanitasi terhadap Pencegahan Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Lustyafa Inassani Alifia
Keyword(s):  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Portal Of Entry

Introduction: Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection is a tropical infectious disease that causes serious global problems. Based on WHO in 2018, there are more than 1.5 billion people or around 24% of the world’s population have been infected at least one of the species that causes STH infection. This STH infection can be prevented by optimizing the use of clean water, good sanitation, and adequate personal hygiene or WASH strategies (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene). Purpose: The purpose of this article is to determine the role of water and sanitation in preventing infection of soil-transmitted helminths. Methods: This study was conducted with an article review that analyzes the role of water and sanitation in the prevention of STH infection. The article search was carried out by searching through the Google Scholar database by entering the keyword ‘soil-transmitted helminths, water, and sanitation”. This article was used 23 references based on references from reputable national and international journals to produce a comprehensive presentation. Results: Unclean water, unhygienic and unqualified sewage disposal that will eventually pollute the soil, wastewater disposal, and improper waste management are some of the risk factors where these STH species can continue their lifecycle and infect humans as the definitive host. Discussion: Inadequate sanitation can also contribute to an increased risk of STH infection, caused by an increase in the number of infective eggs from these species in the community, including in the soil. Conclusion: Poor sanitation increase the risk of the portal of entry to the host by swallowed by humans.  

Increasing Regulations Result in Decreasing Operational Efficiency

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Charles W. Ganze ◽  
Richard L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Wastewater Disposal

In 1972, the Congress of the United States of America passed major legislation called the Clean Water Act, which required all wastewater discharges to meet minimal standards. The Clean Water Act promoted efficiency and cost effectiveness. The Gulf Coast Waste Disposal Authority was created in 1969 by the Legislature of the State of Texas to, among other things, own and operate wastewater disposal systems which would be protective of public health, “terrestrial and aquatic life, the operation of existing industries and the economic development of the state“. Since enactment of the Clean Water Act, other pieces of legislation, rulings by courts of law, and rules established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have thwarted many efforts to operate efficient and cost-effective wastewater treatment facilities. This paper will discuss several of the laws and rules that have discouraged efficiency and cost effectiveness.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis between Household Hygiene and Sanitation and Nutritional Status and Female Leprosy in Gresik Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa ◽  
Afik Zakie Ilhami ◽  
Ratna Luthfia ◽  
Aviola Syania Putri ◽  
Hardyanto Soebono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
The Individual

Leprosy, also known as morbus Hansenʼs disease, is a chronic disease caused by M. leprae. Leprosy attacks various parts of the body including nerves and skin. The most important factor in the occurrence of leprosy is the sources of transmission and contact, both from patients and the environment. Household conditions where the person lives and the nutritional status of the individual can be a risk factor for leprosy. Household hygiene and sanitation can be seen from several aspects, like the physical environment of the house, clean water facilities, personal hygiene, availability of latrines, waste disposal facilities, and garbage disposal. This study was aimed to determine the correlation between household hygiene sanitation and nutritional status with females with leprosy in Gresik Regency. This case-control study was conducted in December 2019 in Gresik Regency. The subjects of this study were 74 respondents taken by consecutive sampling techniques. Retrieval of data was carried out using observations from the healthy house component questionnaire, personal hygiene questionnaire, and direct measurement. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed significant correlation between physical environment of the house ( p = 0.001 , OR = 0.104), clean water facilities ( p = 0.008 , OR = 0.261), availability of latrines ( p = 0.018 , OR = 0.209), waste disposal facilities ( p = 0.015 , OR = 0.291), and personal hygiene ( p = 0.001 , OR = 2.850) and female leprosy in Gresik Regency. There is no correlation between nutritional status ( p = 0.085 , OR = 0.422) and wastewater disposal waste ( p = 0.183 , OR = 0.486) and female leprosy in this study.

DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented  3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

Clean water for the Central African Republic

Waterlines ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
Stephanie Loiacono
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Clean Water

Clean water in Kola

Waterlines ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Clean Water

THE DESCRIPTION OF AVAILABILITY OF CLEAN WATER IN JORONG PALUPUAH PASIA LAWEH, WEST SUMATRA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
DESSY ANGRAINI ◽  
Iza Ayu Saufani
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Millenium Development Goals ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Development Goals

Era SDGs (sustainable development goals) merupakan kelanjutan program MDGs (Millenium Development Goals) memiliki tujuan bersama yang universal untuk memelihara keseimbangan tiga dimensi pembangunan yang berkelanjutan, salah satu tujuannya adalah menjamin ketersediaan air bersih dan sanitasi yang berkelanjutan untuk semua orang. Pentingnya ketersediaan air bersih bagi kehidupan masyarakat dapat memberikan pengaruh penting terhadap kesehatan masyarakat,sehingga air yang digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari kualitasnya harus memenuhi standar baku mutu kesehatan lingkungan dan persyaratan kesehatan air. Berdasarkan informasi wali jorong palupuah mengatakan bahwa sumber air yang digunakan oleh warga untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari secara fisik berwarna, terdapat endapan pada penampungan air, dan belum pernah diuji keamananya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ketersediaanair bersih di Jorong Palupuah Nagari Pasia Laweh KabupatenAgam.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional survey dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua rumah tangga yang berada di Jorong Palupuah Nagari Pasia Laweh Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 74 KK ditentukan dengan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling dan analisis data dilakukan dengan univariate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik responden di jorong Palupuah Nagari Pasia Laweh Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat mayoritas berusia 25-45 tahun dengan tingkat pendidikan terakhir adalah tamat SMA. Berdasarkan hasil survey rata-rata jumlah anggota keluarga di jorong Palupuah berjumlah 3 orang (32,4%), dan mayoritas responden bekerja sebagai IRT dengan tingkat penghasilan keluarga rata-rata Rp.1.500.000.Terdapat lima sumber air baku utama yang dijadikan sebagai sumber air bersih oleh masyarakat jorong dan sebagian besar sumber air yang digunakan berasal dari sumber mata air (71.8%). Selain itu, masih ada sebagian masyarakat yang mengeluhkan penyaluran air yang tidak lancar (35,1%). Serta masih ada 41.9% yang mengatakan tidak mudah mendapatkan air bersih. Kualitas air bersih yang disalurkan di Jorong Palupuah termasuk dalam kategori baik. Namun, sebagian besar masyarakat tidak menggunakan PDAM dan sumber air yang digunakan sangat tidak menunjang untuk dikonsumsi.

Analisis Hidrolis dan Jejak Karbon Jaringan Distribusi Air Bersih di Pulau Kecil Padat Penduduk (Pulau Lengkang Kecil, Kota Batam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizki Apritama ◽  
I Wayan Koko Suryawan ◽  
Yosef Adicita
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Island Community ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Centralized Wastewater Treatment

ABSTRACTThe clean water supply system network on Lengkang Kecil Island was developed in 2019. A small portion of the community's freshwater comes from harvesting rainwater and dug wells, which are only obtained during the rainy season. The primary source of clean water used by the community comes from underwater pipelines with a daily discharge of 0.86 l/sec. The water supply of the Lengkang Kecil Island community is 74.3 m3/day, with 146 House Connections (HCs) and to serve public facilities such as elementary schools, primary health centers, and mosques. Hydraulic evaluation of clean water distribution using EPANET 2.0 software on flow velocity shows the lowest rate of 0.29 m/s and the highest of 1.21 m/s. The lowest pressure value in the distribution system is 6.94-6.96 m and headloss units in the range 0.08-0.25 m/km. These three criteria are still within the distribution network design criteria (feasible). A carbon footprint can be calculated from each activity from the analysis of the evaluation of clean water distribution networks. The most massive emissions came from pumping activities with 131 kg CO2-eq, followed by emissions from wastewater 62.5 kgCO2-eq. Further research is needed to determine the quality of wastewater and the design for a centralized wastewater treatment plant (IPALT) to improve Lengkang Kecil Island residents' living standards.Keywords: Lengkang Kecil Island, water, EPANET, carbon footprintABSTRAKJaringan sistem penyediaan air bersih pada Pulau Lengkang Kecil dimulai pada tahun 2019. Sebagian kecil air bersih yang digunakan masyarakat berasal dari pemanenan air hujan dan sumur gali yang hanya didapat pada musim hujan. Sumber air bersih utama yang digunakan masyarakat berasal dari pengaliran perpipaan bawah laut dengan debit harian 0,86 l/detik. Kebutuhan air masyarakat Pulau Lengkang Kecil adalah 74,3 m3/hari dengan 146 Sambungan Rumah (SR) serta untuk melayani fasilitas umum seperti sekolah dasar (SD), puskesmas, dan masjid. Evaluasi hidrolis distribusi air bersih dengan menggunakan software EPANET 2.0 terhadap kriteria kecepatan aliran menunjukkan nilai terendah 0,29 m/s dan tertinggi 1,21 m/s. Nilai sisa tekan dalam sistem distribusi adalah 6,94–6,96 m dan unit headloss pada kisaran 0,08–0,25 m/km. Ketiga kriteria ini masih berada dalam kriteria desain jaringan distribusi (layak). Dari analisis evaluasi jaringan distribusi air bersih, dapat dihitung jejak karbon yang dihasilkan dari setiap kegiatannya. Emisi terbesar berasal dari kegiatan pemompaan dengan nilai 131 kgCO2-eq, diikuti dengan emisi yang berasal dari air limbah dengan nilai 62,5 kgCO2-eq. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari air limbah dan desain untuk instalasi pengolahan air limbah terpusat (IPALT) untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup penduduk Pulau Lengkang Kecil.Kata kunci: Pulau Lengkang Kecil, air, EPANET, jejak karbon

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