Changes in enzyme mRNA expression relating to the superoxide anion in aorta from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Objective. To investigate the effects of low dose ethanol feeding in diabetic rats and analyze its underlying mechanisms.Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control (Con), diabetes at 4 weeks (DM4W), diabetes at 8 weeks (DM8W), and EtOH + DM8W. After 8 weeks, hemodynamic parameters were recorded and heart weight/body weight (H/B) and hydroxyproline (Hp) content in myocardium were measured. Morphology of collagen in myocardial tissue was observed with Masson’s trichrome staining method and collagen volume fraction (CVF) was analysed. The mRNA expression of ALDH2 was assessed with Real-Time PCR. The protein expressions of p-JNK and JNK were evaluated using western blot.Results. In contrast to Con group, there was no difference in hemodynamic parameters in DM4W group, but mean arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased in DM8W group, and the ratios of H/B, Hp, and CVF were markedly increased. ALDH2 mRNA expression was decreased, while the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were increased. Compared with DM8W group, the above indexes were improved in EtOH + DM8W group.Conclusion. With low dose ethanol intervention, enhanced ALDH2 expression can antagonize the happening of myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats, which may be relevant with downregulating the JNK pathway.

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Effects of refeeding of undernourished and insulin treatment of diabetic neonatal rats on IGF and IGFBP

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1996.271.2.e223 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 271 (2) ◽

pp. E223-E231 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L. Goya ◽

F. Rivero ◽

M. A. Martin ◽

R. Arahuetes ◽

E. R. Hernandez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Weight ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Insulin Treatment ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Neonatal Rats ◽

Igf I ◽

Serum Gh

The effect of refeeding and insulin treatment of undernourished and diabetic neonatal rats, respectively, on the regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) was investigated. The changes in body weight, insulinemia, glycemia, serum IGF-I, and growth hormone (GH) as well as the increase of the 30-kDa IGFBP in undernourished and diabetic neonatal rats previously shown elsewhere were reversed by refeeding and insulin treatment, respectively. Also, changes in liver mRNA expression of IGF-I and-II and IGFBP-1 and -2 were restored in refed undernourished and IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels recovered in insulin-treated diabetic rats. However, serum GH was still below normal after rehabilitation in both situations. Thus the present results support the idea of a GH-independent IGF/ IGFBP regulation mediated by a balance of insulin and nutrients as has already been suggested in previous neonatal studies.

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Sex-specific vascular responses of the rat aorta: effects of moderate term (intermediate stage) streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2015-0272 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 408-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaoyuan Han ◽

Sonali Shaligram ◽

Rui Zhang ◽

Leigh Anderson ◽

Roshanak Rahimian

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Intermediate Stage ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Female Rats ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Oxide Synthase

Hyperglycemia affects male and female vascular beds differently. We have previously shown that 1 week after the induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ), male and female rats exhibit differences in aortic endothelial function. To examine this phenomenon further, aortic responses were studied in male and female rats 8 weeks after the induction of diabetes (intermediate stage). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) to acetylcholine (ACh) was measured in phenylephrine (PE) pre-contracted rat aortic rings. Concentration response curves to PE were generated before and after L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Furthermore, mRNA expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NADPH oxidase subunit (Nox1) were determined. At 8 weeks, diabetes impaired EDV to a greater extent in female than male aortae. Furthermore, the responsiveness to PE was significantly enhanced only in female diabetic rats, and basal NO, as indicated by the potentiation of the response to PE after L-NAME, was reduced in female diabetic rat aortae to the same levels as in males. In addition, eNOS mRNA expression was decreased, while the Nox1 expression was significantly enhanced in diabetic female rats. These results suggest that aortic function in female diabetic rats after 8 weeks exhibits a more prominent impairment and that NO may be involved.

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Oxidative stress associated with middle aging leads to sympathetic hyperactivity and downregulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase in corpus cavernosum

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00708.2013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 307 (10) ◽

pp. H1393-H1400 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Fábio H. Silva ◽

Carolina Lanaro ◽

Luiz Osório Leiria ◽

Renata Lopes Rodrigues ◽

Ana Paula Davel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Superoxide Anion ◽

Middle Age ◽

Corpus Cavernosum ◽

Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽

Aged Group ◽

Erectile Tissue ◽

Th Mrna

Impairment of nitric oxide (NO)-mediated cavernosal relaxations in middle age contributes to erectile dysfunction. However, little information is available about the alterations of sympathetic neurotransmission and contraction in erectile tissue at middle age. This study aimed to evaluate the alterations of the contractile machinery associated with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in rat corpus cavernosum (RCC) at middle age, focusing on the role of superoxide anion. Male Wistar young (3.5-mo) and middle-aged (10-mo) rats were used. Electrical-field stimulation (EFS)- and phenylephrine-induced contractions were obtained in RCC strips. Levels of reactive-oxygen species (ROS) and TH mRNA expression, as well as protein expressions for α1/β1-subunits of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), in RCC were evaluated. The neurogenic contractile responses elicited by EFS (4–32 Hz) were greater in RCC from the middle-aged group that was accompanied by elevated TH mRNA expression ( P < 0.01). Phenylephrine-induced contractions were also greater in the middle-aged group. A 62% increase in ROS generation in RCC from middle-aged rats was observed. The mRNA expression for the α1A-adrenoceptor remained unchanged among groups. Protein levels of α1/β1-sGC subunits were decreased in RCC from the middle-aged compared with young group. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (85 mg·rat−1·day−1, 4 wk) fully restored the enhanced ROS production, TH mRNA expressions, and α1/β1-subunit sGC expression, indicating that excess of superoxide anion plays a major role in the sympathetic hyperactivity and hypercontractility in erectile tissue at middle age. Reduction of oxidative stress by dietary antioxidants may be an interesting approach to treat erectile dysfunction in aging population.

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Genistein and Momordica charantia L. prevents oxidative stress and upregulate proglucagon and insulin receptor mRNA in diabetic rats.

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2021-0378 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wusa Makena ◽

Abdullahi Ibrahim Iliya ◽

Joseph Olajide Hambolu ◽

James Abrak Timbuak ◽

Uduak Emmanuel Umana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Receptor ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Insulin Signaling ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Receptor Mrna ◽

Group I

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) occur as a result of insulin resistance and malfunction in insulin signaling. Controlling hyperglycemia and activation of insulin signaling are important in the management of T2D. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Genistein and Momordica charantia L. fruit on oxidative stress, markers of inflammation, and their role on proglucagon and insulin receptor mRNA expression by RT-PCR in diabetic rats. Thirty-five albino rats were divided into seven groups (n=5). Group I (non-diabetic) and group II (diabetic control) were treated with distilled water, groups III and IV received 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg lyophilized MCF respectively. Groups V and VI received 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg Genistein respectively while group VII received 500mg/kg Metformin. The administration lasted for 28 days. MCF and Genistein significantly reduced IL-1β and TNFα levels that was elevated in serum of diabetic rats. Treatment with MCF and Genistein significant increased the expression of proglucagon mRNA in the small intestine and insulin receptor mRNA in the liver of diabetic rats. In conclusion, MCF and Genistein ameliorate type 2 diabetes complications by preventing the loss of insulin-positive cells, inhibiting IL-1β and TNFα and up-regulating proglucagon and insulin receptor mRNA expression. Novelty: • MCF and Genistein has an inhibitory effect on diabetic induced IL-1β and TNFα production. • MCF and Genistein up-regulates proglucagon and insulin receptor mRNA expression.

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Polysaccharides fromEnteromorpha proliferaImprove Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2015/675201 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Wenting Lin ◽

Wenxiang Wang ◽

Dongdong Liao ◽

Damiao Chen ◽

Pingping Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Glucose Transporter ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Glut 4

This study investigated the effects of polysaccharides fromEnteromorpha prolifera(PEP) on glucose metabolism in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM). PEP (0, 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to rats for four weeks. After treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (INS) levels were measured, and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. The morphopathological changes in the pancreas were observed. Serum samples were collected to measure the oxidant-antioxidant status. The mRNA expression levels of glucokinase (GCK) and insulin receptor (InsR) in liver tissue and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) and adiponectin (APN) in adipose tissue were determined. Compared with the model group, the FBG and INS levels were lower, the ISI was higher, and the number of isletβ-cells was significantly increased in all the PEP groups. In the medium- and high-dose PEP groups, MDA levels decreased, and the enzymatic activities of SOD and GSH-Px increased. The mRNA expression of InsR and GCK increased in all the PEP groups; APN mRNA expression increased in the high-dose PEP group, and GLUT-4 mRNA expression increased in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that PEP is a potential therapeutic agent that can be utilized to treat DM.

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The tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib influences blood glucose and mRNA expression of GLUT4 and PPARs in the heart of rats with experimental diabetes

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2020-0572 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katarina Hadova ◽

Lucia Mesarosova ◽

Eva Kralova ◽

Gabriel Doka ◽

Peter Krenek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Tyrosine Kinases ◽

Glucose Transporter ◽

Kinase Inhibitor ◽

Experimental Diabetes ◽

Cardiac Metabolism ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

C Peptide ◽

Glucose Transporter Glut4

Tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) may alter glycaemia and may be cardiotoxic with importance in diabetic heart. We investigated the effect of multi-TKI crizotinib after short-term administration on metabolic modulators of the heart of diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by streptozotocin (STZ; 80 mg/kg, i.p.), controls received vehicle (CON). Three days after STZ, crizotinib (STZ+CRI; 25 mg/kg/day p.o.) or vehicle was administered for 7 days. Blood glucose, C-peptide and glucagon were assessed in plasma samples. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), cardiac glucose transporters and PPARs were determined in rat left ventricle by RT-qPCR method. Crizotinib moderately reduced blood glucose (by 25%, P<0.05) when compared to STZ rats. The drug did not affect levels of C-peptide, an indicator of insulin secretion, suggesting altered tissue glucose utilization. Crizotinib had no impact on cardiac RTKs. However, an mRNA downregulation of insulin-dependent glucose transporter Glut4 in hearts of STZ rats was attenuated after crizotinib treatment. Moreover, crizotinib normalized Ppard and reduced Pparg mRNA expression in diabetic hearts. Crizotinib decreased blood glucose independently of insulin and glucagon. This could be related to changes in regulators of cardiac metabolism such as GLUT4 and PPARs.

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Momordica charantia Extract Protects against Diabetes-Related Spermatogenic Dysfunction in Male Rats: Molecular and Biochemical Study

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25225255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (22) ◽

pp. 5255

Author(s):

Gamal A. Soliman ◽

Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman ◽

Hanan A. Ogaly ◽

Hassan N. Althurwi ◽

Reham M. Abd-Elsalam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Biochemical Study ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Male Rats ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Diabetic Patients

More than 90% of diabetic patients suffer from sexual dysfunction, including diminished sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm viability, and low testosterone levels. The effects of Momordica charantia (MC) were studied by estimating the blood levels of insulin, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), testosterone (TST), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in diabetic rats treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. of the total extract. Testicular antioxidants, epididymal sperm characteristics, testicular histopathology, and lesion scoring were also investigated. Testicular mRNA expression of apoptosis-related markers such as antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and proapoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were evaluated by real-time PCR. Furthermore, caspase-3 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MC administration resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose and HbA1c and marked elevation of serum levels of insulin, TST, and gonadotropins in diabetic rats. It induced a significant recovery of testicular antioxidant enzymes, improved histopathological changes of the testes, and decreased spermatogenic and Sertoli cell apoptosis. MC effectively inhibited testicular apoptosis, as evidenced by upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of Bax and caspase-3. Moreover, reduction in apoptotic potential in MC-treated groups was confirmed by reduction in the Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio.

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