Tree colonisation of abandoned arable land after 27 years of horse-grazing: the role of bramble as a facilitator of oak wood regeneration

2003 ◽  
Vol 181 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T Kuiters ◽  
P.A Slim
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Oak Wood

scholarly journals Analysing the safe and just operating space of agriculture in the world: past, present and future

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajishnu Roy ◽  
Kousik Pramanick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Freshwater Use ◽  
Safe Operating ◽  
Arable Land Use

AbstractAgriculture, along with industry and household sector are three major sectors of human consumption. Agriculture has proved to be a major contributor to exceeding planetary boundaries. Here, we have explored the impact of agriculture in the Earth system processes, through eight dimensions of planetary boundaries or safe operating spaces: climate change (10.73%), freshwater use (91.56%), arable land use (37.27%), nitrogen use (95.77%), phosphorus use (87.28%), ecological footprint (19.42%), atmospheric pollution (2.52% - 38.08%) and novel entities. In this work, we have also shown role of agriculture to the socio-economic development dimensions: gender equality, employment and economic growth. We have shown that the safe operating limits for agriculture are going to decline by almost 55% (climate change), 300% (freshwater use), 50-55% (arable land use), 180% (nitrogen use), 265% (phosphorus use) and 20% (ecological footprint) in 2050, if the most inefficient way of consumption is chosen and continued. To alleviate the role of agriculture in transgressing planetary boundaries, it is indispensable to comprehend how many roles of agriculture is playing and where which target should be set to framework the national agricultural policies in coherence with attaining sustainable development goals of UN by 2030.

Arable Land as Commons

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-461
Author(s):  
Philip C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Great Risk ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Village Studies ◽  
The Impact

The origins and role of corporate landholding and land redistribution practices over arable land in seventeenth- to nineteenth-century Japan have posed a quandary for scholars. The most common forms are widely seen as means to spread the impact of flooding among villagers in districts that are considered to be at great risk from flood hazards. Such conclusions are often based on individual village studies. In contrast, this study takes a regional approach and tests the validity of this relationship using geographic information systems technology experimentally. This experiment reveals a variety of anomalies that, taken together, suggest that any link between natural hazard risk and the presence or absence of redistribution practices is more subtle than typical explanations assert.

scholarly journals Results of a Fertilization Experiment Performed with Sulphur on Rape Seed Plants

2004 ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Zsombikné Puy ◽  
Jánosné Borbély ◽  
Zoltán Győri
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Rape Seed ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer ◽  
Rapeseed Production ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Sown Area ◽  
Different Doses

The sulphur fertilizing experiment was introduced in the cropping year of 2001/2002, with winter rapeseed. The experiment was performed on a farm in Magyarhomorog, Hajdú-Bihar County. By selecting the location for the experiment, we had to consider the effect of the hard winter that was very unfavourable for rapeseed production, as there was serious frost damage on the sown area previously used for the experiment. In the arable land experiment, results of three different doses of treatment were compared in two replicates, on meadow soil. FitoHorm 32 S solution was used as a sulphur fertilizer, in doses of 3, 6 and 10 l/ha. Evaluating the results, we tried to find a correlation between the amount of fertilizer and the amount of seed-crop or the oil content of the seed. The nitrogen and sulphur contents of the samples were determined using classical methods and an Elementar VarioMax analyser. By this way, it was possible to examine not only the role of Sulphur in rapeseed production, but also to compare and evaluate results obtained by Kjeldahl and the modern, environmentally-friendly combustion method.

scholarly journals The role of the state in ensuring food import substitution at the regional level in a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00087
Author(s):  
Tatyana Solovyova ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

The study analyzes the aspects that determine the change in the role of the state and the form of its impact on the agricultural sector in the context of the impact of the pandemic on all socio-economic processes in the country. The article reveals the importance of implementing the import substitution program from social and economic positions for Russia. A complex of adverse consequences brought by the pandemic to the public life and economy of the country is given, which determines the change in the role of the state in matters of regulation and direct financial support of agricultural production. The article discusses the advisability of using "helicopter money" as a way to help the population in difficult social conditions and at the same time as a way to stimulate effective demand for essential domestic products, including food products. In the context of a pandemic, the necessity of payments to support direct agricultural producers to maintain their financial stability is substantiated, the calculation of which is recommended to be tied to the arable land area and livestock population. The study provides a list of basic principles that are recommended to be applied when using instruments of direct financial support and regulation from the state. It is important to ensure not only the survival of agribusiness in the current conditions, but also to create opportunities for maintaining investment activity in the implementation of large projects, as well as to ensure the maintenance of the level of intensification in the current production cycle.

scholarly journals A sertéshústermelést és -fogyasztást befolyásoló tényezők

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Kőműves ◽  
Viktória Horváthné Petrás
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Underlying Causes

The decrease in the number of pigs grew to a drastic proportion during the past few decades. before the change of the regime therewere approximately 10 million pigs counted, but today this number is slightly beyond 3 million. The decline in livestock has anegative effect on the competitive position of both this sector and that of other branches of industry as well weakening significantlythe economic importance of the sector. The underlying causes of the process leading to the decline are diverse. to reveal thesolution a versatile analysis of the economic situation is essential, which should be started in the first place by the examination ofthe factors defining the competitiveness of the pig sector. The aim of this work is to reveal and characterize the national capacities,the physical and biological, as well as the social, economic (market) and human factors pointing to the most important differencesat the same time. This study analyzes the efficiency of the chosen farms according to the size of plant, standard of production, technologyand capacity of maintenance. summarizing the farmers’ opinions and the data obtained, it can be stated that farmers in thecurrent situation are satisfied with the buying price as one of the most essential factors of production. however, they emphasizedthe role of prices as a factor of uncertainty. As a result of changing the out-of-date technology considerable improvement could beobserved in the natural indexes. Unfortunately, significant changes should be accomplished in the feasibility of support andfinancing investment. The strict environmental regulations of animal keeping make the operation of farms – mainly of those thatdo not possess arable land – more difficult. reforms would provide relief for the operating farms. The market price regulation ofthe alternative fodder and the existent substitute products could appear as a significant cost efficiency factor during production.Workers with unsuitable education – and often being incompetent –, trade unions operating as false organizations as well as thelack of cooperation with the food processing industry affect the sector sensitively.

scholarly journals Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
R. N. Zhangirova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Republic

The article shows aspects of sustainable agricultural development. It summarized modern views on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The problems of the agricultural sector of the republic are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the successful development of agricultural production. The necessity of increasing the efficiency of resource use is substantiated. An important place in the article is given to the role of state support for the agricultural sector. A comparative analysis of the yield of field cultivation from 1 ha of arable land and crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Using the index method, the influence of the structure of crops and crop productivity is calculated. According to statistical data, the current state of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan is revealed. The reasons for low labor productivity in the agricultural sector of the republic are indicated. The role of science in the qualitative renewal of the country's agricultural sector is emphasized. Promising ways to stimulate the growth rate of agricultural production are proposed. The main directions of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined. It is proved that organic agriculture can act as a point of sustainable agricultural growth.

scholarly journals Soil-Geochemical Aspects of Land Use in Abandoned Land in Central Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Andrzej Harasimiuk ◽  
Ewa Tarchalska ◽  
Andrzej Pałgan
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
Birch Trees ◽  
Abandoned Land ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract It is observed increasing of abandoned land in Poland in last decade of 20th century.The part of abandoned land is usually covered by birch tree community. The entrance of birches, especially on pure sandy area, changes properties of soil. The samples of soil horizons, litter in different stages of decomposition and leaves from birch trees, were taken into analysis. The role of birch was analysed also in comparison to arable land, abandoned land without trees and different ages birch trees communities. After the entrance birch trees soil profiles were enriched in nitrogen and elements such as aluminium, iron, cadmium, lead, cobalt, zinc, which were moved from soil or come from atmospheric load and were accumulated in litter or humus horizon. Compared to arable land, some elements (for example calcium) had lower concentration under birch trees. After several years without fertilization the relationship between elements were changed. In early stages (until 10 years) in litter horizons potassium prevails calcium, later – calcium prevails potassium. Birch trees made soil environment more natural compared to arable land.

scholarly journals Ion transporters and their molecular regulation mechanism in plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 028-043
Author(s):  
Saibi Walid ◽  
Brini Faiçal
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Ionic Stress ◽  
Global Population

With the global population predicted to grow by at least 25% by 2050, the need for sustainable production of nutritious foods is important for human and environmental health. Recent progress demonstrate that membrane transporters can be used to improve yields of staple crops, increase nutrient content and resistance to key stresses, including salinity, which in turn could expand available arable land. Exposure to salt stress affects plant water relations and creates ionic stress in the form of the cellular accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions. However, salt stress also impacts heavily on the homeostasis of other ions such as Ca2+, K+, and NO3- and therefore requires insights into how transport and compartmentation of these nutrients are altered during salinity stress. Since Na+ interferes with K+ homeostasis, maintaining a balanced cytosolic Na+/K+ ratio has become a key salinity tolerance mechanism. Achieving this homeostatic balance requires the activity of Na+ and K+ transporters and/or channels. The aim of this review is to seek answers to this question by examining the role of major ions transporters and channels in ions uptake, translocation and intracellular homeostasis in plants.

scholarly journals Agrotechnical methods ofreducing root rot for cultivating spring wheat in organic farming

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01102
Author(s):  
Alfia Razina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
New Varieties

Energy-saving technologies of wheat cultivation limit the buffer role of the agrotechnical method in reducing the spread of root rot. This situation calls for using increased volumes of pesticides in order to decrease harvest losses arising from actions of harmful organisms, which does not allow to produce organic food.Considering this, evaluation of the efficiency of agrotechnical methods of cultivating spring wheat aimed at enhancing phytosanitary conditions of crops is very important. The goal of our work was to evaluate the role of predecessors, methods of soil preparation,organic fertilizers, new varieties of spring wheat, and the timing of planting in limiting the spread and reducing the harmfulness of root rot. Our study has been conducted in the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Siberia. We have established that green manure in crop rotationandfallow arable land with introduction of 30 t/ha of organic manure fertilizer with a disc harrow to a depth of 10–12 cmreduce the spread and severity of root rot and increase wheat yields. In the plantings of the new variety of spring wheat Marsianka, the spread of the disease was reliably less,and the yield was higher compared to the control variety Tulunskaya 11. The optimal planting date for the average of two years was May 25, the crops planted then compared to those planted on May 30 were 9.4% less affected by the disease and gave a reliable increase in the harvest of 0.15 tons/ha. Our studies have shown that during production of organic wheat we can limit the spread andharmfulness of root rot withagrotechnical methods.

The Salaries of Service Tatars in the 18th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Zaytuna A. Tychinskikh
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
State Support ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military

State support was an important factor in the relations between the authorities and the serving population, including such a special category as the serving Tatars. This article discusses how the system of service Tatars came into life in the 18th century. Due to the poor knowledge of the subject, the question of salaries is one of the key elements in identifying the place and role of service Tatars in the system of military corporations in Siberia. The study has revealed that the changes in the salary system that took place during the 17th-18th centuries served as an indicator of the degree of incorporation of service Tatars into the structure of the military organization of the Russian state. Despite the general trend of the 18th century to the unification of the state support of irregular troops, the service Tatars retained their own hierarchy in the distribution of wages for a long time. The reason is to be found in the peculiarities of the management system and corporate isolation, determined by the confessional affiliation of the service Tatars. Another peculiarity was that the serving Tatars, unlike other categories of serving people, practically did not receive any bread allowance — it was replaced by “arable land”. In 1725 and 1737, staff schedules were introduced, which influenced both further unification of employees of various categories and the gradual equation in system of the allowance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document