Utilization of cumulative antibiograms for public health surveillance: Trends in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae susceptibility, Massachusetts, 2008–2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Quynh T. Vo ◽  
R. Monina Klevens ◽  
Barbara Bolstorff ◽  
Kerri Barton ◽  
Melissa Cumming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
The State ◽  
E Coli ◽  
State And Local

Abstract Background: Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent public health threat. Identifying trends in antimicrobial susceptibility can inform public health policy at the state and local levels. Objective: To determine the ability of statewide antibiogram aggregation for public health surveillance to identify changes in antimicrobial resistance trends. Design: Facility-level trend analysis. Methods: Crude and adjusted trend analyses of the susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to particular antibiotics, as reported by aggregated antibiograms, were examined from 2008 through 2018. Multivariable regression analyses via generalized linear mixed models were used to examine associations between hospital characteristics and trends of E. coli and K. pneumoniae susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Results: E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed inverse trends in drug susceptibility over time. K. pneumoniae susceptibility to fluoroquinolones increased by 5% between 2008 and 2018 (P < .05). In contrast, E. coli susceptibility declined during the same period to ceftriaxone (6%), gentamicin (4%), and fluoroquinolones (4%) (P < .05). When compared to Boston hospitals, E. coli isolates from hospitals in other regions had a >4% higher proportion of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and a >3% higher proportion of susceptibility to ceftriaxone (P < .05). Isolates of K. pneumoniae had higher susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (>3%) and ceftriaxone (>1.5%) in all regions when compared to Boston hospitals (P < .05). Conclusions: Cumulative antibiograms can be used to monitor antimicrobial resistance, to discern regional and facility differences, and to detect changes in trends. Furthermore, because the number of years that hospitals contributed reports to the state-level aggregate had no significant influence on susceptibility trends, other states should not be discouraged by incomplete hospital compliance.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of potentially human‐pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from riding horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Reshadi ◽  
Fatemeh Heydari ◽  
Reza Ghanbarpour ◽  
Mahboube Bagheri ◽  
Maziar Jajarmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Abstract Background Transmission of antimicrobial resistant and virulent Escherichia coli (E. coli) from animal to human has been considered as a public health concern. This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic background and prevalence of diarrheagenic E. coli and antimicrobial resistance in healthy riding-horses in Iran. In this research, the genes related to six main pathotypes of E. coli were screened. Also, genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance against commonly used antibiotics were studied, then phylo-grouping was performed on all the isolates. Results Out of 65 analyzed isolates, 29.23 % (n = 19) were determined as STEC and 6.15 % (n = 4) as potential EPEC. The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance phenotypes were against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (46.2 %) and ceftriaxone (38.5 %). blaTEM was the most detected resistance gene (98.4 %) among the isolates and 26.15 % of the E. coli isolates were determined as multi-drug resistant (MDR). Three phylo-types including B1 (76.92 %), A (13.85 %) and D (3.08 %) were detected among the isolates. Conclusions Due to the close interaction of horses and humans, these findings would place emphasis on the pathogenic and zoonotic potential of the equine strains and may help to design antimicrobial resistance stewardship programs to control the dissemination of virulent and multi-drug resistant E. coli strains in the community.

scholarly journals Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Community- and Hospital-Associated Intra-Abdominal Infections in Europe: Results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3043-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Hawser ◽  
Samuel K. Bouchillon ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
Robert E. Badal ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Abdominal Infections

ABSTRACT From 2002 to 2008, there was a significant increase in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli isolates in European intra-abdominal infections, from 4.3% in 2002 to 11.8% in 2008 (P < 0.001), but not for ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (16.4% to 17.9% [P > 0.05]). Hospital-associated isolates were more common than community-associated isolates, at 14.0% versus 6.5%, respectively, for E. coli (P < 0.001) and 20.9% versus 5.3%, respectively, for K. pneumoniae (P < 0.01). Carbapenems were consistently the most active drugs tested.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and ESBL of Uropathogens Isolated from Adult Females in Najran Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-658
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yahia Alasmary
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: To explore the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among female patients in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia and determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methods: This study was conducted on 136 urine samples collected from outpatient departments (OPDs) of the different government hospitals in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia. Over one year, the results of susceptibility testing reports of outpatient midstream urine samples from three government hospitals were prospectively evaluated. Results: Of 136 urine samples, only 123 (90.45%) were found to show significant growth for UTIs, from which 23 different uropathogens were identified. Escherichia coli (58.5%) was the most commonly isolated organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.1%). The isolated microorganism showed increased resistance patterns from 3.3% to 62.6%, with an overall resistance of 27.19%. Meropenem was the most effective antimicrobial, followed by amikacin and ertapenem (0.47%, 0.91%, and 1.5% resistance, respectively). At the same time, ampicillin and cephazolin were the least (62.6% and 59.5% resistance, respectively) effective. Overall, eleven (8.94%) uropathogens isolates were ESBLs, among which there were eight (6.5%) Escherichia coli, one (0.81%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, one (0.81%) Klebsiella oxytoca, and one (0.81%) Citrobacter amalonaticus. Conclusions: E. coli remains the most commonly isolated causative uropathogens, followed by Klebsiella species. The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli and Klebsiella species underscores the importance of developing cost-effective, precise, and rapid identification systems to minimize public exposure to uropathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility data revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to the majority of the antibiotics. The patients with UTIs in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia are at a high risk of antibiotic resistance, leading to significant problems in outpatient department (OPD) treatment outcomes and raising the alarm for the physician to change their empiric treatment.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chickens in Zambia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Muligisa Muonga ◽  
Geoffrey Mainda ◽  
Mercy Mukuma ◽  
Geoffrey Kwenda ◽  
Bernard Hang'ombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Open Markets

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of foodborne pathogens is of public health concern, especially in developing countries like Zambia. This study was undertaken to determine the resistance profiles of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Salmonella isolated from dressed broiler chickens purchased from open markets and supermarkets in Zambia.Results A total of 189 E. coli and five Salmonella isolates were isolated. Identification and confirmation of the isolates was done using Analytical Profile Index (API 20E) (Biomerieux ® ) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) were performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique using a panel of 10 different antibiotics and multiplex PCR was used to determine the presence of three target genes encoding for resistance: tetA, Sul1 and CTXM. AST results were entered and analyzed in WHONET 2018 software. A total of 189 E. coli and five Salmonella isolates were identified. Among the E. coli isolates, Tetracycline recorded the highest resistance of 79.4%, followed by Ampicillin 51.9%, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole 49.7%, Nalidixic Acid 24.3%, Chloramphenicol 16.4%, Cefotaxime 16.4%, Ciprofloxacin 10.1%, Colistin 7.4%, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid 6.9%, and Imipenem 1.1%. Two of the five Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Forty- seven (45.2%) of the isolates possessed at least one of the targeted resistance genes.Conclusion This study has demonstrated the presence of AMR E. coli and Salmonella on raw broiler chickens from both open markets and supermarkets. Such resistance is of public health concern and measures need to be put in place to regulate the use of these antimicrobials in poultry production.

scholarly journals 1439. High Rates of Drug Resistance in Escherichia coli from a Pilot Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S723-S724
Author(s):  
Vandarith Nov ◽  
Darapheak Chau ◽  
Chhorvann Chhea
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major and growing global public health problem. The Cambodia Ministry of Health established a pilot laboratory-based AMR surveillance system for blood specimens in 2017. The objective of this study is to characterize AMR among pathogenic isolates from blood samples. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed using one year of data from a pilot AMR Surveillance system in Cambodia. Four blood culture isolate pathogens were included: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhi /Salmonella Paratyphi A and Staphylococcus aureus. Blood culture isolates that were referred from eleven sentinel sites were analyzed at the National Public Health Laboratory for identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was done using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration method following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results Among 214 pathogenic isolates from blood samples, E.coli was the most common (56.1%), followed by Salmonella Typhi/Salmonella Paratyphi A (18.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.5%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.7%). Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in half of the isolates. E.coli was resistant to ampicillin (94.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (84.5%), and ceftriaxone (79.2%). Salmonella Typhi was resistant to ampicillin (73.3%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (60.0%) and Salmonella Paratyphi A were resistant to fluoroquinolones (91.7%). For last resort antibiotics, E.coli was resistant to carbapenem groups (3.2% for imipenem, 4.9% for meropenem, and 5.0% for ertapenem). Klebsiella pneumoniae was not resistant to any groups. Conclusion E.coli was found at high rates in blood samples and was resistant to common antibiotics used in Cambodia. These pilot data show the importance of establishing a national AMR surveillance system in Cambodia to monitor AMR trends following GLASS guidelines. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Grain-Fed Veal Meat from Southern Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA COOK ◽  
RICHARD J. REID-SMITH ◽  
REBECCA J. IRWIN ◽  
SCOTT A. McEWEN ◽  
VIRGINIA YOUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Testing Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns

This study estimated the prevalence of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli isolates in fresh retail grain-fed veal obtained in Ontario, Canada. The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns were examined for points of public health significance. Veal samples (n = 528) were collected from February 2003 through May 2004. Twenty-one Salmonella isolates were recovered from 18 (4%) of 438 samples and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was found in 6 (29%) of 21 Salmonella isolates; 5 (24%) of 21 isolates were resistant to five or more antimicrobials. No resistance to antimicrobials of very high human health importance was observed. Ampicillin-chloramphenicol-streptomycin-sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline resistance was found in 5 (3%) of 21 Salmonella isolates. Campylobacter isolates were recovered from 5 (1%) of 438 samples; 6 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was documented in 3 (50%) of 6 Campylobacter isolates. No Campylobacter isolates were resistant to five or more antimicrobials or category I antimicrobials. E. coli isolates were recovered from 387 (88%) of 438 samples; 1,258 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was found in 678 (54%) of 1,258 E. coli isolates; 128 (10%) of 1,258 were resistant to five or more antimicrobials. Five (0.4%) and 7 (0.6%) of 1,258 E. coli isolates were resistant to ceftiofur and ceftriaxone, respectively, while 34 (3%) of 1,258 were resistant to nalidixic acid. Ciprofloxacin resistance was not detected. There were 101 different resistance patterns observed among E. coli isolates; resistance to tetracycline alone (12.7%, 161 of 1,258) was most frequently observed. This study provides baseline prevalence and antimicrobial resistance data and highlights potential public health concerns.

scholarly journals Public Health Surveillance: Electronic Reporting as a Point of Reference

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (S2) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Black ◽  
Rachel Hulkower ◽  
Walter Suarez ◽  
Shreya Patel ◽  
Brandon Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Electronic Reporting ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Point Of Reference

Federal, state, and local laws shape the use of health information for public health purposes, such as the mandated collection of data through electronic disease reporting systems. Health professionals can leverage these data to better anticipate and plan for the needs of communities, which is seen in the use of electronic case reporting.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Liu ◽  
Yu-Lin Lee ◽  
Min-Chi Lu ◽  
Pei-Lan Shao ◽  
Po-Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (n = 199) was analyzed for susceptibility. Xpert Carba-R assay and sequencing for mcr genes were performed for carbapenem- or colistin-resistant isolates. Nineteen (67.8%) carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (n = 28) and one (20%) carbapenem-resistant E. coli (n = 5) isolate harbored blaKPC (n = 17), blaOXA-48 (n = 2), and blaVIM (n = 1) genes.

Roles for State-Level Local Health Liaison Officials in Local Public Health Surveillance and Capacity Building

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard J. Turnock ◽  
Arden S. Handler ◽  
William Hall ◽  
Steven Potsic ◽  
Judith Munson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Local Public Health

scholarly journals Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella species and Escherichia coli in broiler chickens from farms, abattoirs, and open markets in selected districts of Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nelson Phiri ◽  
Geoffrey Mainda ◽  
Mercy Mukuma ◽  
Ntazana N. Sinyangwe ◽  
Luke J. Banda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Open Markets

Objective: Salmonella species and Escherichia coli are major bacterial enteropathogens of worldwide public health importance that cause devastating foodborne diseases, thereby contributing to increased human morbidity and mortality. Both pathogens have also been found to contribute towards the spread of antimicrobial resistance through the food chain, especially in poultry. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella spp. and E. coli in broiler chickens at farm level, abattoirs, and open markets in selected districts of Zambia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in seven districts of Zambia to determine the resistance profiles of Salmonella spp. and E. coli obtained from broiler chickens at farms, abattoirs, and open markets. A total of 470 samples were collected which include; litter, cloacal swabs, and carcass swabs. Samples were inoculated into buffered peptone water and incubated for 24 hours then sub-cultured onto MacConkey and Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar plates. Identification of Salmonella spp. and E. coli was done using the API-20E kit and confirmation by 16S rDNA sequencing. Confirmed isolates were tested against a panel of 09 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Data analysis of the antibiotic sensitivity test results was done using WHONET 2018 software.Results: Overall, 4 Salmonella spp. and 280 E. coli were isolated. One of the Salmonella spp. was resistant to ampicillin (25%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (25%), and cefotaxime (25%). E. coli antibiotic resistance was highest to tetracycline (81.4%) and 100% susceptibility to imipenem. The antibiotic susceptibility profile revealed 75.7% (237/280) multidrug-resistant (MDR). The highest MDR profile was observed in 8.2% (23/280) isolates in which 6 out of the 9 classes of antibiotics tested were resistant. Out of the 280 isolates, 11.4% (32/280) exhibited Extensive Drug resistance (XDR).Conclusion: The study found antimicrobial resistance to E. coli and Salmonella spp. in market-ready broiler chickens which were resistant to important antibiotics and is of public health concern.

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