Effects of using rations of reduced energy concentration for intensively reared beef cattle from 250 kg live weight to slaughter

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent ◽  
C. Ball ◽  
T. L. Dodsworth
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Wet Distiller's Grains ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

SUMMARY1. Two experiments are described in which castrated Ayrshire cattle were reared on a conventional all-concentrate diet to 250 kg live weight. In Experiment 1 the effect of feeding a 1: 1 mixture (by weight) of barley and wet distiller's grains (WDG) from 250 to 408 kg live weight was examined. In Experiment 2 swedes and grass silage were offered in addition to WDG and barley during the growth phase from 250 kg live weight to slaughter. In both experiments a control group was fed an all-concentrate diet.2. The introduction of WDG to the diet (Experiment 1) caused a significantly lower daily live-weight gain (P < 0·01) and an increase i n time to slaughter (P < 0·01). Carcasses from the control and treated animals were similar in weight, conformation and composition. There were no differences in growth rates in Experiment 2. The treated animals were heavier (P < 0·01) and older at slaughter (P < 0·001) than those in the control group and they produced heavier carcasses (P < 0·05). The carcasses were similar in composition but some differences in conformation occurred. These effects were the consequence of selecting animals for slaughter on the basis of equal finish (i.e. the ratio of muscle plus fat to bone assessed subjectively).3. The effect of reducing the dietary energy concentration appears t o be smaller with cattle over 250 kg live weight than with younger, lighter cattle. The results, which are discussed in economic terms, suggest that castrated Ayrshire cattle reared on all-concentrate diets should be changed to a diet of lower energy concentration using cheaper feed sources at 250 kg live weight.

The effects of variations in the energy concentration and protein source of complete diets for beef cattle

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent ◽  
C. Ball ◽  
T. L. Dodsworth
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Wet Distiller's Grains

SUMMARYTwelve British Friesian and 12 Ayrshire castrated male calves were fed ad libitum one of three complete diets of differing energy concentration from approximately 140 to 410 kg live weight. Differences in energy concentration of the diets were achieved by inclusion of different proportions of wet distiller's grains (WDG). Increasing the proportion of WDG in the diet caused reductions in performance. This effect was more marked with the Friesians than with the Ayrshires. The treatments had small and generally non-significant effects on carcass conformation and composition.

Growth and carcass characteristics of weaned single-suckled calves slaughtered on achieving slaughter condition or 8 or 16 weeks later

1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Beef Producers ◽  
Wet Distiller's Grains

SUMMARY1. Weaned single-suckled calves (castrates) were housed at 260·7 kg live weight. Six genotypes, all two- or three-way crossbreds, were represented. A diet of bruised barley, wet distiller's grains, swedes and grass silage was offered until the required minimum live weight (363 kg) and body composition was reached. The cattle were then slaughtered (treatment A), or retained for 8 (treatment B) or 16 weeks (treatment C). During the period when treatment B and C animals were retained their diet was 53% bruised barley and 47% wet distiller's grains offered ad libitum.2. Live weights at slaughter were 418·2, 458·6 and 496·1 kg (P < 0·001), carcass weights 240·5, 266·2 and 295·7 kg (P < 0·001), and killing-out percentages 57·5, 58·1 and 59·6 (P<0·01) for treatments A, B and C respectively. Daily live-weight gain did not decline during the 8 or 16 weeks cattle were retained on treatments B and C.3. Retaining the cattle to slaughter points B and C caused increases in the percentage of low-value joints in the carcass, carcass fat percentage, dry matter and fat contents of the dissected m. longissimus dorsi; and decreases in the percentage of high-value joints, carcass lean and bone percentage, crude protein and ash contents of m. longissimus dorsi. The carcass composition was 55·6, 53·5 and 51·4% lean (P<0·001); 30·7, 33·3 and 36·2% fat (P<0·001); 13·7, 13·2 and 12·4% bone (P< 0·001) for treatments A, B and C respectively.4. The results are discussed in relation to the choice made by beef producers between slaughter and retention of cattle which have reached suitable live weight and condition for marketing.

Effect of supplementation and stage of growth on the partitioning of nutrients by Hereford x Friesian steers fed on grass silage based diets

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
N.D. Scollan ◽  
A. Cooper ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
M. Wright ◽  
J.M. Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Nutrient Partitioning ◽  
Feeding Systems

Forage based feeding systems are often disadvantaged compared with those based on high cereal usage in terms of feed intake, live weight gain and efficiency of utilisation of dietary energy and protein. Furthermore, under some situations, particularly with animals fed on grass silage, cattle often have higher fat:protein carcass ratios than those fed other forage-diets. However, other factors such as age, genotype and physiological state may also influence nutrient partitioning. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of diet (based on silage alone or supplemented with additional energy and/or protein) and stage of development on the partitioning of nutrients between fat and lean deposition. Overall effects of diet on animal performance and carcass composition were reported by Scollan et al. (1999).

Effect of pasture growth rate on live-weight gain of grazing beef cattle

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Ebersohn ◽  
K. W. Moir
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Differential Contribution

SummaryLive-weight gain of beef cattle grazing all-grass or grass-clover pastures, details of which have been reported previously, was significantly (P < 0·01) correlated with pasture growth rate, but not with pasture dry matter on offer (either total or green), or with dietary-energy concentration. From ideas generated from the relationship between live-weight gain and pasture growth rate, and using intake values measured from the number and size of prehension bites, it is shown how high live-weight gain for measured dietary-energy concentration could be explained by differential contribution to digestibility and voluntary intake from pasture new growth.

The utilization of whole or bruised barley grain of different moisture contents given to beef cattle as a supplement to a forage-based diet

1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Wet Distiller's Grains

SUMMARY1. Fifty-four weaned single-suckled steer calves aged 11 to 14 mo were individually fed 2 kg wet distiller's grains, 10 kg swedes and an average of 11·5 kg grass silage daily. The quantity of silage offered was adjusted during the experiment in accordance with a live weight related scale. There were six treatments differing in the physical form, moisture content and level of barley grain offered. A nil barley supplement was compared with 2·5 kg barley dry matter daily offered either whole or bruised having been prepared for storage by drying (84·6% DM) and by treatment with propionic acid (79·9% DM); dried barley was also offered whole (at approximately 50% DM) after soaking in water for 24 hr. Each replicate of six cattle, one animal from each treatment, was slaughtered when all its members were subjectively estimated to have the required minimum body condition and minimum estimated carcass weight (186 kg) for marketing.2. A supplement of barley grain caused increases in daily live-weight gain, slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass fat content; and reduced carcass lean and bone content. These effects were increased if the barley grain was processed by bruising compared to being consumed unprocessed (whole). There was no indication that the method of preparation for storage or the moisture content of the barley grain when consumed affected the results of the experiment. It was concluded that the costs of processing barley grain by bruising for feeding to growing cattle for slaughter will be exceeded by the value of the additional animal performance obtained in comparison to feeding whole barley grain.

A comparison of two types of fish meal as protein supplements for finishing British Friesian steers given grass silage ad libitum

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 116-116
Author(s):  
P S Kirby ◽  
J R Outhwaite ◽  
T O Jones
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Fish meal supplementation of grass silage diets has increased the daily live-weight gain of growing beef cattle. However, the live weight advantage at turnout has generally been negated after a period of compensatory growth at grass. Hence, protein supplementation may be economically advantageous with cattle being finished out of yards. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effect of feeding two types of fish meal on the performance of dairy-bred cattle during the finishing winter of an eighteen-month beef system.

The effects of plane of nutrition and diet type on metabolic hormone concentrations, growth and milk production in high genetic merit dairy herd replacements

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Carson ◽  
A.R.G. Wylie ◽  
J.D.G. McEvoy ◽  
M. McCoy ◽  
L.E.R. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Metabolic Hormone ◽  
Diet Type

AbstractSeventy high genetic merit Holstein heifers were used in two experiments to investigate (1) the effects of plane of nutrition and diet type during the pre-pubertal period and (2) the effects of plane of nutrition during the post-pubertal period on metabolic hormone concentrations, growth and milk production. In experiment 1, treatment 1 and 2 heifers were given food to achieve a live-weight gain of 0·70 and 0·95 kg/day from 3 to 10 months of age on a grass silage based diet, while treatment 3 heifers were given food to achieve 0·95 kg/day on a barley straw/concentrate diet. During the pre-pubertal period, heifers reared on treatment 1 had significantly higher growth hormone(GH) concentrations (ng/ml per 1 h) than heifers reared on treatment 2 (P < 0·01) and had significantly lower insulin concentrations than heifers reared on treatment 3 (P < 0·01). Heifers reared on treatment 1 had significantly lower insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations than those reared on treatment 3 (P < 0·01). At 10 months of age heifers reared on treatment 1 were of lower condition score (P < 0·01) than those on treatment 2 and had a smaller heart girth diameter (P < 0·01) than those on treatments 2 and 3. During the first lactation, milk yield and composition produced by the heifers was not significantly affected by treatment. In experiment 2, treatment A heifers were given, from 14 to 24 months of age, a low plane of nutrition to allow a live-weight gain of 0·65 kg/day on a grass silage and grass based diet during the winter and summer periods respectively. Treatment B heifers were kept on a high plane of nutrition to allow a live-weight gain of 0·90 kg/day on the same forage along with concentrate supplementation. During the rearing period, GH and IGF-1 concentrations were not significantly affected by treatment. Treatment A heifers weighed less before calving (P < 0·05), had a lower condition score (P < 0·01), and had a smaller heart girth diameter (P < 0·01) than those on treatment B. During the first 10 weeks of lactation, heifers on treatment A had a higher silage dry matter intake and lost less weight (P < 0·05) than those on treatment B, however, by 20 weeks of lactation these effects had disappeared. Milk yield and composition during the first lactation were not significantly affected by treatment. Overall, the findings of experiments 1 and 2 did not show any beneficial effects of higher weights at first calving in high genetic merit Holsteins and therefore indicate that accelerated growth in the pre- or post-pubertal period may not be required.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 

scholarly journals THE USE OF BIOSTIMULANT FOR INCREASING THE BODY WEIGHT GAIN OF CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 800-812
Author(s):  
Ilgiz DOLININ ◽  
George BAZEKIN ◽  
Evgeny SKOVORODIN ◽  
Almaz SHARIPOV ◽  
Ivan CHUDOV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters

Poultry farming holds a special place in ensuring the products that the consumers demand, it provides the population with essential food products,such as eggs and meat,that contain vital micro and macronutrients, proteins, lipids, and vitamins. Therefore, the issues of rational, economically feasible feeding of meat poultry, namely broiler chickens, are an urgent task. It is also essential to find effective methods of their application in order to correct the natural resistance and immune and biological reactivity of birds. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of the biological stimulant-Nucleostim on the growth and development of chickens, hematological, and immunological parameters of the blood of birds.This Biostimulant is a purified bovine spleen extract containing at least 1 mg / ml of low molecular weight peptides (nucleotides and nucleosides) formed as a result of autolysis, using dry whey and diatomite as fillers. Onthe application ofNucleostim, the gain in live weight of chickens was increased by 9.7%. At the end of the experiment, the livability of the chicks of the experimental group treated with Nucleostimcame up to 88%, compared with the 72% of the control group. The use of biostimulant had a stimulating effect on the liver of chickens confirmed by the research results presented in the article, as well as contributed to the development of the thymus in the setting of general dystrophy. Thus, it improved chicklivability and increased body weight gain. The biological stimulant-Nucleostim as an adaptogenic, anabolic, and immunostimulatory agent is promising for finding new drugs that improve the health and productivity of poultry.

scholarly journals Study on effect of different levels of concentrate on growth performance of both male and female lamb

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
Masum Billah ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir ◽  
Md Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of concentrate on growth performances of both male and female lamb. For this purpose twenty four (12 male and 12 female) lamb aged about 5-6 months were selected and divided into three groups (Treatment group T1, T2 and control group T0). In each group having 4 males and 4 females lamb, all lambs were supplied green roughages ad-libitum, control group T0 was allowed no concentrate and treatment group T1 & T2 were supplied 100 gm & 200 gm concentrate mixture respectively for 90 days experimental period. Animals were weighed at 15 days interval. Significant differences of live weight gain among these three groups were found. Allowing 100 gm (T1) concentrate mixture along with green grass improved growth rate in both male and female lamb. Increasing of concentrate supplementation improved live weight gain (found in T2 group). Total live weight gain (kg) and average daily live weight gain (g/d) were 4.25±0.52 kg and 47.20±5.75 g, 5.38±0.83 kg and 59.73+9.17 g and 7.00±0.54 kg and 77.78±6.00 g in male lambs and 2.25±0.21 kg and 25.00±2.34 g, 3.18±0.32 kg and 35.39±3.63 g and 3.81±0.24 kg and 42.33±2.77 g in female lambs for the To, T1 and T2 groups respectively. Live weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in male than female lambs. The results showed that 100 g concentrate supplementation with green roughages improved growth rate in lambs (male and female) under stall feeding condition. Increase of supplementation might improve nutrients supply to promote higher live weight gain.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 274-278

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