Pedagogy through print: James Sowerby, John Mawe and the problem of colour in early nineteenth-century natural history illustration

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN DOLAN
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Research And Education

These gems have life in them: their colours speak,Say what words fail of.In an ambitious treatise on the estimated wealth of the British Empire in the year of Waterloo, Patrick Colquhoun added to his calculations of the revenues produced by overseas property the potential profits created through exploiting natural resources. In his ‘political arithmetic’, Colquhoun recognized that an increasingly lucrative resource could be found in ‘mines and minerals’, where ‘various articles extracted from the bowels of the earth, which the new discoveries in chemistry have rendered valuable articles of commerce, have tended greatly to increase the value of the mines’. Such information, accumulated through travel, skilled techniques of identification and analysis, and collecting, proved central to regulating judgements about potential overseas investment by the government.Practices in natural history intersected with the development of British commerce in a number of ways. Mineralogists specially trained to identify rare species of minerals scoured distant shores and collected sack-loads of specimens, seeking information about natural resources that might nourish a developing imperial economy. One such British mineralogist was John Mawe, who in 1804 received patronage from Portugal's Prince Regent to embark on ‘a voyage of commercial experiment’ to the Portuguese territory of Brazil and assess the value of the gold and diamond industries that might revitalize their ailing and isolated economy. National and individual economic interests were informed and served by the multiplication of such acts of commercial speculation, which focused on various kinds of natural resources. Mawe was very conscious that the mineral kingdom held much to be explored. Unlike botany, with Linnaean taxonomy rendering order to the kingdom, knowledge in mineralogy was far from comprehensive. Mawe lamented that ‘few have thought the knowledge of Minerals worthy of their attention, although to them we owe our national strength and riches’. Others also argued that because it addressed national interests, research and education in the earth sciences should be publicly patronized.

scholarly journals Trade Policy and National Economic Interests in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-254
Author(s):  
Irina Korgun ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Zuev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Special Support ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Support Programmes

Membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and participation in free trade agreements (FTAs) are important instruments for governments to realize national economic interests. The Republic of Korea has been particularly successful in doing so. As the experience of Korea shows, a trade policy mix between multilateral liberalization under the WTO and preferential liberalization through FTAs allows the government to optimally balance national interests and strive for higher levels of social welfare and economic effectiveness, while simultaneously protecting national industries. However, such results seem to be possible only if national economic interests are clearly defined and are synchronized with a country’s goals regarding WTO membership and its strategy for FTAs. During recent decades, Korea has practiced an active long-term planning of trade policy so that trade benefits are not excessively concentrated in a narrow range of trade actors and are distributed more evenly in society. This meant appropriate balancing of liberalization and protection measures, reinforced by special support programmes that neutralized the negative impact of higher market openness. In this article, Korea’s strategy regarding trade policy is analyzed, including the reasons Korea pursued an FTA-centric policy and the benefits it obtained in addition to those it obtained from WTO membership.

ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ АЗИЯ — АРЕНА СТОЛКНОВЕНИЯ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ГЕОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИНТЕРЕСОВ РОССИИ, США И КИТАЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
D. A. Abgadzhava ◽  
A. S. Vlaskina
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Drug Crime

This article will present the result of an analysis of the geopolitical and geo-economic interests of China, Russia and the United States in the Central Asian region. Central Asia is a field of world power collision because of this region is characterized by an advantageous geostrategic position, communication and energy opportunities, and a significant stock of natural resources. The strategy implemented by China is aimed to cooperate in the development and transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials, the development of the region’s energy potential, the development of hydro resources, the development of transport communications, and industrial facilities. China takes first position of investments and loans in the economy of the republics. There is a cooperation in the fight against terrorism, extremism, drug crime. The United States is pursuing its own national interests in Central Asia in the military-strategic sphere, as well as by investing in the development of the oil and gas industry. The weakening of Russia and China influence in the region also belongs to the national interests of the United States. The realization of Russian’s geopolitical interests is connected with ensuring national security by protecting state borders, combating terrorism and religious extremism, drug crime. Geo-economic interests are associated with the development and transportation of natural resources (hydrocarbon raw materials), cooperation in the energy and transport and transit sectors. In addition, in this article will be analyze a number of geopolitical models that characterize Russian policy in Central Asia.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 3 LAW NUMBER 4 OF 2009 CONCERNING MINERAL AND COAL MINING IN THE GRANTING OF EXPLORATION MINING BUSINESS LICENSE

PRANATA HUKUM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Anggalana ◽  
Dery Putra ◽  
Chandra Reformasi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Government Agency ◽  
The State ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Mining Investment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Indonesia is a country rich in natural resources. Therefore, the Government isexpected to be able to manage these natural resources with the aim of people's welfare in accordance with the mandate of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945 as stipulated in Article 33 paragraph (3) which reads "The Earth, water and natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and used for the greater prosperity of the people ". Article 3 of Law Number 4 Year 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining provides guidelines for the government in the implementation of mining business activities and to support the implementation of licensing of mining business activities. The issue of how to implement the granting of exploration mining business licenses based on Article 3 of Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining in Lampung Province and how to supervise mining business activities in Lampung Province. The method used uses normative and empirical juridical research. The implementation of the granting of exploration mining business licenses based on Article 3 of Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining in Lampung Province has been running but not yet maximal because the permit process is too long so that the purpose of the implementation of mining business activities is not achieved. The suggestion is that the license for exploration mining activities must be carried out by one government agency / agency, in order to facilitate the process of obtaining the permit in order to support the effectiveness of mining activities and the cycle of domestic mining investment, especially in Lampung Province.

scholarly journals THE WORLD’S MOST BEAUTIFUL VILLAGE ON THE INTERNET

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-483
Author(s):  
Semiarto A. Purwanto ◽  
Adri Febrianto ◽  
Popy D. Patrojani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
News Websites ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

The article describes the high exposure and coverage of social and mass media in a village of Pariangan in Indonesia. In 2016, an online tourism publication reported the village as one of the most beautiful villages globally. This judgment, re-broadcast by local news websites and social media users, drew the attention of villagers and government officials. The government is making plans for large-scale tourism in Pariangan while many people came to visit the village only to get disappointed because the village had few tourist facilities. We used a qualitative approach to assess whether crowd attraction in news and social media resulted both from coverage of the village and differences in the imagination of tourist areas. While the media framed its beauty, villagers thought that not much had actually changed how the media described it. Likewise, tourists visiting the village find a lack of facilities and the tourist attraction they expect to be extraordinary. We conclude that differences in political and economic interests related to traditional claims and authenticity, regional development, cultural and natural conservation, and national interests produced a diverse imagination for tourism.

scholarly journals Political Law on the Environment: The Authority of the Government and Local Government to File Litigation in Law Number 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Listiyani ◽  
M. Yasir Said
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Enforcement Effort ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The construction of legal norms concerning the government’s right to file litigation for compensation in Article 90 paragraph (1) of Law No. 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management (hereafter referred to as UUPPLH) is very important. However, Article 90 paragraph (1) of UUPPLH raises legal problems in the form of obscurity of norms, regarding the basis that underlies government institutions’ and regional governments’ authority to file claims for compensation. The first hypothesis believes that most of the environmental problems are caused by the ineffectiveness of supervision by the government itself. This research focuses on studying the government’s right to file litigation as a law enforcement effort in the natural resources sector. The method used in this research is normative juridical, which comprehensively assesses the norms regulated by the government’s authority on the environment. The result of the study shows that the legal rights of the government can be utilized to claim civil liability in the form of compensation for ecosystem losses. Constitutionally, the legal basis of the government’s right to file litigation is the State’s right to control the earth, water, and natural resources as regulated in ground norm Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. However, to enforce article 90, the government needs to realize that supervision is the key element of preventive measures.

Implementation of the national interests of the Russian Federation in cooperation with the APR countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Abramov ◽  
Petr Alekseev ◽  
Aleksey Kuznecov ◽  
Viktoriya Perskaya ◽  
Elizaveta Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The monograph written by the authors of the Financial University under the government of the Russian Federation. Researched forms of development of sub-regional integration unions with the participation of Asia-Pacific, identify priority areas of the strategic partnership between Russia and China. Formulated conceptual approaches to the definition of the economic interests of Russia in development of integration processes in the Asia-Pacific. A special place in the monograph is a proposal for the realization of economic interests of Russia in the framework of bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation with leading countries of the Asia-Pacific region, including China. Of interest to a wide circle of specialists in the field of international economic relations, scientific staff and graduate and undergraduate students enrolled in the direction "Economy".

STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR GENDER AND ACADEMIC STREAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Dr.Navdeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Stages Of Learning ◽  
The Masses

Since its evolution environment has remained both a matter of awe and concern to man. The frontier attitude of the industrialized society towards nature has not only endangered the survival of all other life forms but also threatened the very existence of human life. The realization of such potential danger has necessitated the dissemination of knowledge and skill vis-a-vis environment protection at all stages of learning. Therefore, learners of all stages of learning need to be sensitized with a missionary zeal. This may ensure transformation of students into committed citizens for averting global environment crisis. The advancement of science and technology made the life more and more relaxed and man also became more and more ambitious. With such development, human dependence on environment increased. He consumed more resources and the effect of his activities on the environment became more and more detectable. Environment covers all the things present around the living beings and above the land, on the surface of the earth and under the earth. Environment indicates, in total, all of peripheral forces, pressures and circumstances, which affect the life, nature, behaviour, growth, development and maturation of living beings. Irrational exploitation (not utilization) of natural resources for our greed (not need) has endangered our survival, and incurred incalculable harm. Environmental Education is a science, a well-thought, permanent, lasting and integrated process of equipping learning experiences for getting awareness, knowledge, understanding, skills, values, technical expertise and involvement of learners with desirable attitudinal changes about their relationship with their natural and biophysical environment. Environmental Education is an organized effort to educate the masses about environment, its functions, need, importance, and especially how human beings can manage their behaviour in order to live in a sustainable manner.  The term 'environmental awareness' refers to creating general awareness of environmental issues, their causes by bringing about changes in perception, attitude, values and necessary skills to solve environment related problems. Moreover, it is the first step leading to the formation of responsible environmental behaviour (Stern, 2000). With the ever increasing development by modern man, large scale degradation of natural resources have been occurred, the public has to be educated about the fact that if we are degrading our environment we are actually harming ourselves. To encourage meaningful public participation and environment, it is necessary to create awareness about environment pollution and related adverse effects. This is the crucial time that environmental awareness and environmental sensitivity should be cultivated among the masses particularly among youths. For the awareness of society it is essential to work at a gross root level. So the whole society can work to save the environment.

PRODUKSI GULA MERAH DI RT 002 RW 002 DESA SLUMBUNG KECAMATAN NGADILUWIH KABUPATEN KEDIRI BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Karino
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Creation

Production is an activity to convert inputs into outputs through the transformation process. Input in the form of man, money, method, material, machine. While the output is in the form of goods or services. The purpose of production in general is to meet individual needs. There are several factors that influence production namely land and all economic potential that is processed and cannot be separated from the production process, labor is directly related to the demands of property rights through production, and capital, management and technology. In production there are various types of production, namely production which is intermittent and continuous. The production, if viewed from an Islamic perspective, it must fulfill the following principles. First, produce in a halal circle. Second, managing natural resources in production is interpreted as the process of creating wealth by utilizing natural resources must rely on the vision of the creation of this nature and along with the vision of human creation, namely as a blessing for all nature. Third, the Caliph on the earth is not only based on the activity of producing the usefulness of an item but work is done with the motive of benefiting to seek the pleasure of Allah SWT. Key Words: Production, Red Sugar, benefiting

POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK PANASBUMI SUHU RENDAH DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI SELATAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Denny Unggul Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Reservoir Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Binary Cycle ◽  
West Papua ◽  
The Government

<p class="BodyA">South Manokwari Regency is a new autonomous region in West Papua Province with abundant natural resources. As a new autonomous region South Manokwari Regency will be experiencing significant population growth. Population growth along with development and modernization will give burden to electricity demand. Alternatively, electricity can be provided with geothermal resources in Momiwaren District. Based on survey conducted by the government through the Geology Resources Centre in 2009, the reservoir temperature of the geothermal sources is 84<sup>o</sup>C with non volcanic geothermal system. Thus, the geothermal resources in South Manokwari Regency could be developed into binary cycle electric generator.</p>

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