Effects of Time and Method of Applying Nitrogen to Dwarf Wheats

1971 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Jain ◽  
D. P. Maurya ◽  
H. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Heading Stage ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

SUMMARYLinear regression of grain and straw yield of dwarf wheats on level of fertilizer nitrogen was significant, but the efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen was determined by the time and method of its application. A single application as a basal dressing was the least productive for grain yield, while split fertilization at sowing and at first irrigation increased the efficiency of applied nitrogen. Further splitting in three doses did not benefit wheat. Foliar application of nitrogen to replace top dressing at the heading stage was of no advantage while replacement of a top dressing at first irrigation by urea spray at heading was definitely deleterious.

scholarly journals Response of wheat cultivars to foliar potassium fertilization under irrigated saline environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
A. Sarangi ◽  
D. K. Singh ◽  
A.R. Rao ◽  
S. Sudhishri
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Heading Stage

A field experiment with split-split plot design (SSPD) was conducted to study the response of two winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) cultivars (viz. salt tolerant cultivar KRL-1-4 and salt non-tolerant cultivar HD-2894) under saline irrigation regimes with and without foliar potassium fertilization on growth and grain yield of wheat during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. Potassium in the ratio of K+: Na+ (1: 10) was applied as foliar application during the heading stage of the crop. Results showed that the grain yield of KRL-1-4 and HD-2894 cultivars with foliar potassium fertilization at the heading stage increased by 6.5 to 22% and 3 to 15% during rabi 2011-2012, respectively under different saline irrigation regimes as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of rabi 2012-13 showed an increase in grain yield ranging from 4.5 to 20% for KRL-1-4 as compared to the control. Statistical analysis of grain yield parameter showed that the foliar potassium application in both varieties resulted in significant yield difference at 0.05 probability level as compared to the non-foliar application. Overall, it was observed that the foliar potassium fertilization increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, while the salt tolerant cultivar performed better than the salt non-tolerant cultivar under irrigated saline regimes.

scholarly journals Foliar application of sodium selenate induces regulation in yield formation, grain quality characters and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis in fragrant rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haowen Luo ◽  
Bin Du ◽  
Longxin He ◽  
Axiang Zheng ◽  
Shenggang Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fragrant Rice ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Heading Stage

Abstract Background Selenium (Se) is a beneficial element for higher plants and essential for mammals. To study the effect of the foliar application of sodium selenate on fragrant rice performance, a pot experiment was conducted in Guangdong, China. At the initial heading stage, one-time foliar application of sodium selenate with concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol·L− 1 (named CK, Se1, Se2, Se3, Se4 and Se5, respectively) were foliar applied on two fragrant rice varieties, ‘Meixiangzhan-2’ and ‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’. Results Selenate application at the initial heading stage not only improved the grain yield of fragrant rice by increasing the seed-setting rate and grain weight, but also promoted the grain quality by increasing crude protein contents and lowering the chalky rice rate. Furthermore, Se applications enhanced the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1- pyrroline (2-AP), the main aromatic compound, by increasing the contents of precursors (△1- pyrroline, proline and pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C)) and the activities of enzymes (proline dehydrogenase (PRODH), △1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS), and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT)) in fragrant rice. The results also showed that foliar application of sodium selenate enhanced the antioxidant system of both varieties by promoting the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reducing the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, the real-time PCR analyses depicted that foliar application of selenate up-regulated the GPX1, GPX4 and CATC transcripts. The higher antioxidative enzymatic activities might strength the stress resistant to ensure the stability of yield in fragrant rice form abiotic stress. Conclusions Foliar applications of sodium selenate at the initial heading stage increased the grain 2-AP content by enhancing the biosynthesis-related enzymes and precursors. The grain yield and quality of fragrant rice also increased due to selenate application. Furthermore, foliar application of selenate promoted the activities of enzymes such as POD, SOD and CAT and up-regulated the expression of gene GPX4, GPX1 and CATC.

scholarly journals Determination of economic efficiency of deep placement and foliar application of urea fertilizer through the performance of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan29

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Tahmina Aktar ◽  
Md Rashedur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin ◽  
AHM Jahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Prilled Urea

Rice is the most extensively cultivated cereal crops in Bangladesh and nitrogenous fertilizer, especially urea is the most pressing fertilizer to supply nutrient in the paddy field. With this view, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of deep placement and foliar application of urea fertilizer on BRRI dhan29 rice cultivar in boro season at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during December 2015 to May 2016. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design considering twelve treatments with three replications. The treatments were- T0 ( No N application), T1 [140 kg N/ha (as prilled urea)], T2 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5 foliar spray @ 1% N solution), T3 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5foliar spray @ 1.5% N solution), T4 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5 foliar spray @ 2% N solution), T5 (1.8 g 2-USG), T6 (2.7 g 1-USG), T7 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 1% N solution), T8 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 1.5% N solution), T9 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 2% N solution), T10 (1.8 g 2-USG + 3 t/ha cowdung), T11 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 t/ha cowdung). Results showed that the grain and straw yield of the rice variety responded significantly to the application of prilled urea (PU), deep placement of USG and foliar application of N. The highest grain yield (4.8 t/ha) was recorded in T8 which was identical to the yield (4.7 t/ha) obtained in T3. The highest straw yield (6.0 t/ha) was found in T5. The lowest grain yield (3.7 t/ha) and straw yield (4.5 t/ha) were found in T0. Considering the economic efficiency, the treatment T8 showed the maximum gross margin and marginal gross margin with lowest cost per unit of product. Therefore, to get highest grain yield (4.8 t/ha), 82 kg N/ha as USG and 3 foliar spray of N @1.5% concentration i.e. total 219 Kg urea/ha can be applied to the rice field of BRRI dhan29. This will save an amount of 81 Kg urea per rice growing season per hectare.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 157-164, August 2018

Nitrogen fertilizer and wheat in a semi-arid environment. 2. Climatic factors affecting response

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The response of Gabo wheat to nitrogen fertilizer at 52 sites in the wheat growing areas of South Australia during 1956-61 was examined in relation to climatic factors by a stepwise multiple regression analysis using a computer. The ten dependent variables were the linear and quadratic coefficients obtained by fitting orthogonal polynomials to response curves of various parameters (grain yield, grain + straw yield, harvest index, grain nitrogen percentage, and grain nitrogen yield) to applied nitrogen at each of the 52 sites. The 23 independent variables were the amounts of rainfall and evaporation during the growing period, maximum and minimum temperatures and estimates of high temperature stress during spring and amount of rainfall immediately after sowing at each site. The climatic variables examined explained 46.5, 64.3, and 64.3 per cent of the variation in the response to nitrogen fertilizer of grain yield, grain + straw yield, and grain nitrogen yield respectively. The positive effects of increasing amounts of winter rainfall on yield response to applied nitrogen were marked. On the other hand, the negative effects of high maximum temperatures in the latter part of the growing period, particularly during October, on yield response were also evident.

Nitrogen fertilizer and wheat in a semi-arid environment. 3. Soil and cultural factors affecting response

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The response of Gabo wheat to applied nitrogen at 52 sites in the wheat growing areas of South Australia during 1956-61 was examined in relation to soil and cultural factors, as separate groups and together with climatic factors, by a stepwise multiple regression analysis using a computer. The 10 dependent variables were the linear and quadratic coefficients obtained by fitting orthogonal polynomials to response curves of various parameters (grain yield, grain + straw yield, harvest index, grain nitrogen percentage, and grain nitrogen yield) to applied nitrogen at each of 52 sites. The independent variables were 14 soil properties, such as total nitrogen content and initial nitrate status, and 6 cultural characteristics, including date of sowing and period of cultivation. In addition, 23 climatic variables were also included in analysis considering all independent variables. Of the soil variables the most potent was initial nitrate content of the 0-6 inch horizon. Date of sowing was the most potent cultural variable. The proportion of variance explained in the final analysis by the variables examined was greatest for grain nitrogen yield (73.0 per cent) and grain + straw yield (72.1 per cent). The value for grain yield was 48.9 per cent. Differences between nitrogen and phosphorus response in a semi-arid environment and the theoretical and practical implications of these differences are discussed in relation to the predictive value of soil analyses.

scholarly journals A comparative study of Zn and Fe distribution in two contrasting wheat genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Bhupendra Mathpal ◽  
Prakash Chandra Srivastava ◽  
Shailesh Chandra Shankhdhar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Improvement Programme

Effect of zinc and iron interaction on their distribution was examined in two wheat genotypes (UP262 and UP2628) under foliar application of 0, 0.25 and 0.50% ZnSO4 solution tagged with 925 KBq of Zn65 pot-1 for Zn and 0, 0.5 and 1.0% FeSO4 solution tagged with 925 KBq of Fe59 pot-1 for Fe at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. Maximum grain yield of UP2628 (2.7 g pot-1 ) was recorded at 0.5%ZnSO4+0%FeSO4 while that of UP262 (2.63 g pot-1 ) was recorded at 0.5%ZnSO4+1.0%FeSO4. The highest straw yield of UP2628 (2.75 g pot-1 ) was noted at 0.5% ZnSO4+1.0%FeSO4 while that of UP262 (2.91 g pot-1 ) with 0.5%ZnSO4+0.5%FeSO4. Application of 0.5% and 1.0% FeSO4 reduced the accumulation of 65Zn in all parts of both the varieties. Regarding the 59Fe accumulation, it was found to be decreased with the increased application of ZnSO4 solution from 0.25% and 0.5% as compared to without application of Zn. On comparing translocation efficiencies of both the varieties, UP2628 showed better translocation thus accumulated higher zinc and iron. Therefore, variety UP2628 can be used further for crop improvement programme.

scholarly journals Soil and foliar application of nitrogen for Boro rice (BRRIdhan 29)

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Alam ◽  
AZM Moslehuddin ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
AM Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Marginal Benefit ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Boro season of 2008 with a view to examining the effect of soil and foliar application of urea on the yield and nutrient uptake of BRRIdhan 29 and to evaluate whether urea foliar application (FA) could replace its soil application (SA) in the rice cultivation. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight treatments, each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments were: T1 (control), T2 (282 kg urea ha-1 SA), T3 (1% urea solution FA), T4 (2% urea solution FA), T5 (3% urea solution FA), T6 (94 kg urea ha-1 SA + 1% urea solution FA), T7 (94 kg urea ha-1 SA + 2% urea solution FA) and T8 (94 kg urea ha-1 SA + 3% urea solution FA). The results showed that soil and foliar application of nitrogen significantly influenced the growth and yield of crop. The treatment T2 (282 kg urea ha-1) produced the highest grain yield (5.34 t ha-1). The T6 (94 kg urea ha-1 + 1% urea solution FA) produced the highest straw yield (6.58 t ha-1) of the crop. The lowest grain yield (3.20 t ha-1) and the lowest straw yield (4.19 t ha-1) were recorded with T1 (control). Economic analysis showed that treatment T2 gave the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (7.65) while the lowest value (2.71) was observed with T5 treatment. The overall results demonstrated that soil application of 282 kg urea ha-1 was the best treatment for obtaining higher grain yield, higher nitrogen content of rice and higher marginal benefit cost ratio, and soil application is better than foliar application of urea. Keywords: Urea, Nitrogen; Foliar application; Soil application DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7925 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 199-202, 2010  

scholarly journals Investigation of foliar application of nano-micronutrientfertilizers and nano-titanium dioxide on some traits of barley

Biologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Janmohammadi ◽  
Naser Sabaghnia ◽  
Shahryar Dashti ◽  
Mojtaba Nouraein
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

Nanofertilizers are new products which contain readily available nutrients in the nanoscale range and are preferred largely due to their efficiency. To investigate the effects of micronutrient nanofertilizers (iron and zinc) as F factor and nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) solution as n factor on yield performance and some morphologic traits of barley, a field experiment was carried out with treating with chelated nanoscale zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) and ferric oxide (nano-Fe2O3) suspensions during three phonological stages. The treatment combination by trait (TT) biplot was used for two-way dataset as various treatment combinations (Fn) with multiple traits. The GT biplot explained 83% of the total variation of the standardized data. The polygon view of TT showed five vertex treatment combinations as F1n1, F1n2, F2n2, F3n1, and F3n2. Therefore, it seems that F3n1 treatment combination had the highest values for all of the  days to maturity, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, spike length, number of fertile tillers, and grain weight per plant traits. The most prominent relations of tester-view biplot were: a strong positive association between days to maturity and straw yield and among grain yield, harvest index and spike length, while there was a near zero correlation of the number of tillers per plants with days to maturity and straw yield. It can be concluded that TiO2 nanoparticles and nano-micronutrient fertilizers (iron nano-chelate and zinc nano-chelate) could increase yield and yield components of barley. Our findings suggest that the foliar application of nanoparticles resulted in sustainable and high crop production, and among six treatment combinations, F3n2 (zinc nano-chelate with 2000 ppm nano-TiO2) indicated the best performance for most of the measured traits of barley.

scholarly journals Reducing urea demand for rice crop through foliar application of urea in boro season

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Hossain Manik ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin ◽  
Md Rashedur Rahman ◽  
Tusher Chakrobarty ◽  
Sunain Bin Jaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Similar Yield

This study was carried out with a view to evaluating the effect of foliar application of urea on BRRI dhan29. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD design with seven treatments (T1 : Full dose of prilled urea @ 140 Kg N ha-1) (control), T2 (50% prilled urea + 5 foliar spray @ 0.5% N solution @ 5.5 kg N spray-1),T3 (70% prilled urea + 3 foliar spray @ 0.5% N solution @ 5.5 kg N spray-1), T4 (50% prilled urea + 3 foliar spray @ 1.0% N solution @ 11 kg N spray-1), T5 (50% prilled urea + 5 foliar spray @ 0.5% N solution @ 5.5 kg N spray-1 + 5 t ha-1 cow dung), T6 (70% prilled urea + 3 foliar spray @ 0.5% N solution @ 5.5 kg N spray-1 + 5 t ha-1 cow dung) and T7 (50% prilled urea + 3 foliar spray @ 1.0% N solution @ 11 kg N spray-1 + 5 t ha-1 cow dung) and three replications. Soil and foliar application of nitrogen significantly influenced the growth and yield contributing characters like plant height, panicle length, and effective tillers hill-1 as well as the grain and straw yields of the crop. The treatment T5 produced the highest grain yield (6.68 t ha-1) which was statistically similar to yield from T7, T6. Treatment T2,T3 and T4 gave similar yield. The grain yields of these treatments were higher than those of T1 treatment (soil application of urea only). The T5 also produced the highest straw yield of the crop. The lowest grain yield of 4.72 t ha-1 and the lowest straw yield of 5.17 t ha-1 were recorded with T1 (control).Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 79-85, April 2016

Analysis of the moisture content of maize kernels in over-ripe plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
T. Árendás ◽  
L. C. Marton ◽  
P. Bónis ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Maize Kernels

The effect of varying weather conditions on the moisture content of the maize grain yield was investigated in Martonvásár, Hungary from late August to late September, and from the 3rd third of September to the 1st third of Novemberbetween 1999 and 2002. In every year a close positive correlation (P=0.1%) could be observed between the moisture content in late September and the rate of drying down in October. Linear regression was used each year to determine the equilibrium moisture content, to which the moisture content of kernels returned if they contained less than this quantity of water in late September and harvesting was delayed. In the experimental years this value ranged from 15.24-19.01%.

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