scholarly journals Ministerial Directives to Local Government in Zimbabwe: Top-Down Governance in a Decentralized Constitution

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Tinashe Carlton Chigwata ◽  
Varaidzo Violet Muchapondwa ◽  
Jaap de Visser
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
National Government ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Multilevel System ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Constitutional Right

AbstractUrban and rural local authorities constitute the lowest tier of Zimbabwe's multilevel system of government. These local governments have a constitutional “right to govern” that must be exercised within the constitutional, legislative and policy framework. Under the old constitutional order, the national government could supervise urban local authorities, for example by issuing policy directives to ensure that these authorities governed in a manner that enabled them to deliver on national and local goals. This article examines this supervisory instrument, the powers it gives the national government, its use in practice and its relevance under the new constitutional order. The main argument is that supervisory instruments, such as the power to issue policy directives to local governments, are necessary in any multilevel system of government. However, such supervisory powers must be balanced with the need for local autonomy, to allow local governments to deliver on their service delivery obligations and development mandate.

Spatial and Institutional Analysis of the Voivodships Expenditure on Culture in the Years 2003 – 2015

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Adam Mateusz Suchecki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
National Heritage

AbstractFollowing the completion of the process of decentralisation of public administration in Poland in 2003, a number of tasks implemented previously by the state authorities were transferred to the local level. One of the most significant changes to the financing and management methods of the local authorities was the transfer of tasks related to culture and national heritage to the set of tasks implemented by local governments. As a result of the decentralisation process, the local government units in Poland were given significant autonomy in determining the purposes of their budgetary expenditures on culture. At the same time, they were obliged to cover these expenses from their own revenues.This paper focuses on the analysis of expenditures on culture covered by the voivodship budgets, taking into consideration the structure of cultural institutions by their types, between 2003-2015. The location quotient (LQ) was applied to two selected years (2006 and 2015) to illustrate the diversity of expenditures on culture in individual voivodships.

scholarly journals PENGAWASAN TERHADAP PERATURAN KEPALA DAERAH

Yuridika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Prajwalita Widiati ◽  
Haidar Adam
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
National Government ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
Good Review ◽  
Review Mechanism

Decentralisation puts weigh in the dynamic of local government. As consequences of decentralization, local governments are entitled to enact local regulation in order to serve public services in the daily basis. Local regulation as the product of the Mayor of course does not stand alone. It is part of national legislative system which lay at the low tier of the hierarchy of laws. It should be work effectively and harmoniously with the system. By analyzing the nature of decentralization and the function of local legislation, it is essential to establish a good review mechanism for this legislative product. Different mechanism results in different consequences to the regulation. This article has analysed three mechanisms both preventive and represive; executive review which is done by the Governor and National Government; judicial review which is done by the Court and even political review which is exercised by the local representatives who act as balancing power to the local executive.Keywords: Peraturan Kepala Daerah, Executive Review, Judicial Review, Political Review

scholarly journals Communication Models of Local Self-Government as a Subject of Modern Russian Policy (Based on Local Self-Government Bodies of the Republic of Tatarstan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
Galina Morozova ◽  
◽  
Diana Fatikhova ◽  
Elmira Ziiatdinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Symmetrical Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of communication in the system of local self-government of the Republic of Tatarstan as a subject of the Russian Federation conducted by the authors in November – December 2019. The study included a survey of representatives of regional media and press services of local authorities of the Republic of Tatarstan in order to determine the model of communication in the local government system and the role of PR-activities in the regulation of social interaction in the region. Methods and materials. The main method of studying was the method of expert survey. The authors developed a questionnaire, which was used during an interview with experts. When choosing an expert – a media representative for the interview – the authors took into account three factors: the rating of the represented media, the experience of the respondent in the regional media (at least five years) and the authority to make a key decision on the publication of the material. In order to identify the experts who are representatives of local self-government bodies, the authors of the article determined the following criteria: implementation of information and analytical activities in the structure of local self-government bodies, at least 5 years of experience as a head of a structural unit (public relations / media relations department) of local self-government bodies. Analysis. The analysis showed that the development of social media accelerates the process of establishing a two-way model of communication between the government and the public. Social media have become a full-fledged source of information both for the journalistic community and for the press services of local governments. Moreover, with the help of the content posted in posts on official accounts on social networks, local governments can attract residents of the municipal territory to participate in solving local issues. Constant monitoring, responding to comments, tracking negative content on social media are becoming everyday practices in the work of press services. Results. The results of the study indicate that over the past decade in the Russian Federation the necessary prerequisites have been formed for the formation of a bilateral symmetrical model of communication between local authorities and the population. This model is aimed at providing effective feedback that allows the local government to quickly respond to the aspirations and needs of the population, monitor their dynamics, constantly monitor the attitude and assessments of citizens of decisions made on the development of the city or region.

Sustainability Management and Local Governments

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio De Matteis ◽  
Daniela Preite
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Sustainability Management

After highlighting the breadth and complexity of the concept of sustainability and highlighting the role of local authorities in sustainable development, this chapter aims to interpret how sustainability management can consider the concept of financial sustainability in the context of local governments. It does this through the following specific objectives: 1) defining financial sustainability, considering it not only autonomously, but in an integrated manner with respect to the typical sustainability dimensions (environmental, social, and economic) that are usually involved in the local authorities activity; 2) proposing the main stages of the sustainability cycle in the local authorities to highlight the key moments and the role of financial sustainability; 3) analyzing some aspects of financial indicators as tools for measuring the financial side of the sustainability profile of a local government. In order to reach the aim of the chapter, the research methodology followed is the literature review.

scholarly journals New directions in New Zealand local government

2010 ◽  
pp. 158-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter McKinlay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Starting Point

The purpose of this paper is to provide a ‘work in progress’ report on some initiatives emerging from local government practice in New Zealand which should help us consider how we think about the role of local government in a world which is undergoing dramatic change. The starting point is work which the writer undertook with the support of Local Government New Zealand (the national association) and a number of New Zealand councils considering the ‘proper role’ of local government. The context is an ongoing public debate driven substantially by the New Zealand business community from a perspective that this ‘proper role’ should be restricted to the delivery of local public goods, narrowly defined. This has included argument that local governments themselves should be structured substantially to promote the efficient delivery of services generally within the now well understood prescriptions of the ‘new public management’. One implication which the business sector in particular drew in looking at the workings of local government was that there should be economies of scale through further amalgamation of councils (the local government sector having been through a major amalgamation process in 1989 which eliminated a large number of special purpose authorities and reduced the number of territorial local authorities from more than 200 to 73). Debate continues, with the latest manifestation being the National Party led government's proposals for the restructuring of local government within the Auckland region, New Zealand's major metropolitan area. The initiatives discussed in this paper are partly a response, but more significantly a result of selected local authorities reflecting on the nature of their role, and the opportunities for being proactive in using their statutory privileges in ways that could produce benefits for their communities without any associated increase in the cost of local government itself.

Understanding the forces and critical features of a new reporting and budgeting system adoption by Indonesian local government

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-167
Author(s):  
Harun Harun ◽  
David Carter ◽  
Abu Taher Mollik ◽  
Yi An
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
New Technology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policymaking And Implementation

Purpose This paper aims to critically explore the forces and critical features relating to the adoption of a new reporting and budgeting system (RBS) in Indonesian local governments. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an intensive analysis of document sources and interview scripts around the institutionalization of RBS by the Indonesian government and uses the adaption of Dillard et al. (2004) institutional model in informing its findings. Findings The authors find that at the national level, the key drivers in RBS adoption were a combination of exogenous economic and coercive pressures and the wish to mimic accounting reforms in developed nations. At the local government level, the internalization of RBS is a response to a legal obligation imposed by the central government. Despite the RBS adoption has strengthened the transparency of local authorities reports – it limits the roles of other members of citizens in determining how local government budgets are allocated. Research limitations/implications The results of the study should be understood in the historical and institutional contexts of organizations observed. Practical implications The authors reinforce the notion that accounting as a business language dominates narratives and conversations surrounding the nature of government reporting and budgeting systems and how resource allocation is formulated and practiced. This should remind policymakers in other developing nations that any implementation of a new accounting technology should consider institutional capacities of public sector organizations and how the new technology benefits the public. Social implications The authors argue that the dominant role of international financial authorities in the policymaking and implementation of RBS challenges the aim of autonomy policies, which grant greater roles for local authorities and citizens in determining the nature of the budgets and operation of local authorities. Originality/value This study extends institutional theory by adapting the Dillard et al. (2004) model in explaining the forces, actors and critical features of a new accounting system adoption by local governments.

scholarly journals The concept and classification of human resource risks in the personnel management system in local government bodies in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Fesenko
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management System ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Personnel Management System

Problem setting. More recently, the problem of the shortage of skilled personnel in Ukraine has become significantly aggravated, primarily due to emigratory mood of young people. To maximize the implementation of labor potential, it is necessary to identify and minimize the relevant human resource risks that may arise during the development of the organization, in particular of local authorities. After all, the functioning of many spheres of the state as a whole depends on the efficiency of local governments activities. Recent research and publication analysis. The concept and classification of human resource risks were considered and presented in the works of A. Alaverdov, O. Diomin, V. Zhukovska, L. Ischuk, V. Rodchenko, G. Rekun, O. Pakhlova, S. Lobazova, O. Smagulov. V. Fedoseev and M. Khromov investigated the causes of human resources risks. E. Bulanova developed methods for identifying the causes and factors of human resources risks, accounting for them, and minimizing the influence. N. Kazakova, Zh. Denisova, O. Kalmykova studied the minimization of human resource risks in the management of civil service personnel with the help of psychological influence. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Despite the elaboration of many aspects of this issue, the definition, specificity, and classification of human resource risks in local government bodies have been studied insufficiently and require a more thorough study and justification. The purpose of the paper is to identify and classify human resource risks in the personnel management system in local government bodies in Ukraine. Paper main body. Personnel management is a multifaceted and complex process, which is characterized by specific features and patterns. Human resource risks are an integral part of the HR management system. According to the majority of scientists, the activities of the organization are impossible without human resource risks. The main reason for human resource risks is the unpredictability of human behavior, which generates a significant range of possible solutions to problems and their consequences. Human resource risks in each area have their own characteristics. The wording of the concept of “human resource risks” in local government bodies is not officially fixed. Today, this term is also insufficiently developed in the scientific literature. Taking into account the specifics of these bodies, it can be taken as a basis that human resource risks in the personnel management system in local government bodies in Ukraine are a set of threats to personnel and the local government body as a whole, associated with factors of the personal factor, economic nature and the specifics of the social and professional environment of civil servants. The personnel hazard at each stage of work with the cadre potential can be generated by the following factors: technical, technological, motivational, psychological, and corruption. An important point in changing personnel hazards is circumstances that change over time. This includes the situation in the country, the team, the official's family, his/her character, needs, priorities. Today, during the quarantine period, technical and technological risks are especially relevant. They can simplify most procedures for obtaining services to protect workers from danger. However, there is another side to this situation – the psychological side. Not every official is capable of drastically changing his/her work schedule. These changes are especially difficult for aged employees. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Each personnel risk is constantly changing, crowding out stereotypes, and requires due attention from the management. It is extremely urgent today to increase the level of digitalization. It is the flexibility of the personnel management system that can become the basis for unlocking the long-term potential of local authorities, although the identification of human resource risks and their minimization is a long and difficult process.

scholarly journals PERSONALITY AS THE MAIN BENEFICIARY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
O. O. Boyarsky
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stateless Person

The article examines the features of the status of a person as the main beneficiary of local self-government. It was revealed that based on the essence of the term "beneficiary", it refers to those persons who receive certain benefits, income or dividends not due to the active exercise of their rights, but to some extent "passively" due to their status or activities of others. It is has established that the very understanding of a person as a beneficiary of local self-government demonstrates a new emphasis in understanding how the municipal government should act and in whose interests. The center of such activity should be a person as a member of the territorial community, and his interests should be satisfied through the adequate activities of local governments determined by such interests. Person as the main beneficiary of local self-government appears: a citizen of Ukraine, a foreign citizen or a stateless person (stateless person) or a refugee; member of the territorial community; a resident of a village, settlement, city or association of villages, settlements, cities it is determined. A new approach to understanding the status of a person – a beneficiary of local self- government in a broad and narrow sense (in a broad sense – in the exercise of local self- government of all its powers, in the narrow – the exercise of local authorities in relation to vulnerable groups). It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine through the prism of the powers of local governments provides clear recipients (beneficiaries), which are mainly those categories of the local population who need various financial, material or other support and assistance – including socially vulnerable or vulnerable members of the territorial community. Thus, a person is a member of a territorial community, and his interests must be satisfied through the adequate activities of local self-government bodies determined by such interests.

scholarly journals Decentralization of power: challenges for newly elected local governments

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Olga IVANOVA ◽  
◽  
Yurij IVANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Legislative Support ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Reallocation Of Resources

The article is devoted to topical issues of power decentralization and the development of local government. The aim of the research is to identify challenges for local governments in the implementation of the decentralization reform and to develop proposals for the spatial development of territorial communities. The problems of functioning and development of united territorial communities have been identified. These problems are differentiation of powers between levels of government; reallocation of resources; discrepancy between delegated powers and financial support of communities; low level of training for the implementation of the powers of local authorities. The directions for overcoming the challenges are suggested. These directions are legislative support for the reform of the decentralization of power; ensuring the financial viability of communities; reallocation of resources; development of mechanisms, criteria for the spatial development of territorial communities; development of programs for the development of personnel of local authorities and newly created communities capable of ensuring the development of territories.

scholarly journals Fee for issuing alcoholic beverages for sale in the municipalities of the Kielce poviat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Joanna Rogalska
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Local Government Finance ◽  
Urban Rural

Purpose of the study: The aim of the article is an analysis of revenues for fees for permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages in the own income of municipalities of the Kielce poviat in 2018-2020. It is to enable the answer to be given about the role of the fee for issuing a permit for the sale of alcohol in the incomes of municipalities' own. Methodology: The work was based on the analysis of RB 27S reports on the implementation of the budget income plan of the surveyed municipalities, analysis of internal materials of these units, normative acts and the Local Data Bank Main findings: The data presented in the paper shows that the share of revenues from fees for the permit to sell alcohol in own income does not exceed 1.7% and has a downward trend. However, the actual revenue from the levy shows slight fluctuations over the period considered. Moreover, it does not matter whether we are dealing with a rural or an urban-rural commune. Application of the study: The following study concerns an important aspect of financing the activities of municipalities. Taxes and fees are the most important revenues in budgets. Each decision of the local government authorities has an impact on the level of income. It may lead to a lack of funds for the implementation of own tasks. The year 2021 may be interesting in terms of income from the fee under study due to the possibility of applying a fee exemption or postponing its payment resulting from the provisions of the Act of March 2, 2020 on special solutions related to the prevention, prevention and combating of COVID-19, other infectious diseases and the resulting crises. It is not an easy decision, because such action reduces the revenues to the commune's budget. Due to the fact that for the implementation of tasks for which the funds from the fee were provided, it will have to be financed with other income. Originality/Novelty of the study: The importance of the financial stability of local government units is an extremely important topic. Topics related to budget planning are essential for the long-term balancing of the demand for funds reported by local governments in relation to the efficiency of funds left at the disposal of local authorities. As a consequence, the subject of the study was the analysis of the dynamics and structure of local authorities' income from the point of view of the selected source of income. The article can inspire further research in the field of local government finance and contribute to other interesting scientific studies.

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