‘We Must Run While Others Walk’: popular participation and development crisis in Tanzania, 1961–9

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Development Crisis

The early independence period in Tanzania was not simply an ante-chamber to the post-Arusha Declaration period of Ujamaa. The state undertook to incorporate, for the first time, the people of Tanzania in the formal development planning structures in an attempt to marry national developmental objectives to local needs. Self-help, or ‘nation building’ as it was also known, was an attempt to bring consensus and dialogue to the planning process. The scale of self-help activity unleashed by its formal adoption as part of rural development policy caught the government by surprise, however, and raised fears over the level of control that local government in particular was able to exert over popular efforts in development. The gradual emergence of statism in Tanzania, in place by the end of the decade, was in large part the response of a panicking state, fearing an imminent crisis in its power to direct development policy, and maintain command over scarce resources.

“Clean and green — That’s the way we like it”

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Teo
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Educational Discourse ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The People ◽  
National Campaigns ◽  
The Government ◽  
Management And Conservation

This paper focuses on the discursive strategies used by the Singapore government to construct national identity and solidarity on the basis of a ‘clean and green’ environment. By analysing the slogans used in the Clean and Green Week campaign in terms of the use of pronouns and the pragmatic notion of ‘politeness’, the paper shows that the people of Singapore are not only persuaded to ‘buy’ the idea of environmentalism, but also to buy into the ideology of national identity and unity being derived (in part) from the proper management and conservation of Singapore’s scarce resources and limited physical space. The paper concludes with a discussion on how national campaigns such as the Clean and Green Week constitutes a form of political discourse, where public educational discourse becomes a veiled medium through which socio-political ideologies are produced and propagated. With the government treading the fine line between information and manipulation where ‘greening’ a country becomes a scaffolding for building a nation, a study like this offers interesting insights into the interplay between the language of politics and the politics of language.

Voting, violence and violations: peasant voices on the flawed elections in Hadiya, Southern Ethiopia

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjetil Tronvoll
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Opposition Party ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Run Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hadiya Zone

This article presents peasant grievances on the flawed 2000 elections in Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia. For the first time in Ethiopia's electoral history, an opposition party managed to win the majority of the votes in one administrative zone. In the run-up to the elections, government cadres and officials intimidated and harassed candidates and members from the opposition Hadiya National Democratic Organisation (HNDO). Several candidates and members were arrested and political campaigning was restricted. On election day, widespread attempts at rigging the election took place, and violence was exerted in several places by government cadres and the police. Despite the government's attempt to curtail and control the elections in Hadiya, the opposition party mobilised the people in a popular protest to challenge the government party's political hegemony – and won. If this is an indication of a permanent shift of power relations in Hadiya, it is however, too early to say.

scholarly journals APAKAH PROSES PERENCANAN PEMBANGUNAN DISNAKERTRANS KABUPATEN KULON PROGO SESUAI DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 25 TAHUN 2004?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Junior Hendri Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
The People ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Future ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Potential Factors

The condition of the people of Kulon Progo Regency, has faced problems and challenges in the future, and by taking into account the strategic and potential factors possessed by the community, stakeholders, and the Regency Government, the Vision of Kulon Progo Regency is as stated in the Regional RPJP of Kulon Progo Regency 2005-2025. . The purpose of this study was to determine whether the development planning process of the Department of Manpower and Transmigration of Kulon Progo Regency is in accordance with law no. 25 of 2004. The research method used is qualitative. These results indicate that the development planning process at the Manpower and Transmigration Office of Kulon Progo Regency is in accordance with Law No. 25 of 2004, this has been proven by the initial stage process starting from the preparation of the SKPD Renstra document compiled by referring to the 2017-2022 Kulon Progo Regency RPJMD which starts from planning preparation, planning determination, controlling plan implementation; and evaluation of the implementation of the plan. However, the concrete implementation is not evenly distributed in the Kulon Progo area.

scholarly journals Development of Geospatial Map Based Election Portal

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumar Chandra Gupta ◽  
P. Kumar ◽  
N. Vasanth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Virtual Private Network ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Architecture Model ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Fire Stations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Network

The Geospatial Delhi Limited (GSDL), a Govt. of NCT of Delhi Company formed in order to provide the geospatial information of National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) to the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD) and its organs such as DDA, MCD, DJB, State Election Department, DMRC etc., for the benefit of all citizens of Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD). <br><br> This paper describes the development of Geospatial Map based Election portal (GMEP) of NCT of Delhi. The portal has been developed as a map based spatial decision support system (SDSS) for pertain to planning and management of Department of Chief Electoral Officer, and as an election related information searching tools (Polling Station, Assembly and parliamentary constituency etc.,) for the citizens of NCTD. The GMEP is based on Client-Server architecture model. It has been developed using ArcGIS Server 10.0 with J2EE front-end on Microsoft Windows environment. The GMEP is scalable to enterprise SDSS with enterprise Geo Database & Virtual Private Network (VPN) connectivity. <br><br> Spatial data to GMEP includes delimited precinct area boundaries of Voters Area of Polling stations, Assembly Constituency, Parliamentary Constituency, Election District, Landmark locations of Polling Stations & basic amenities (Police Stations, Hospitals, Schools and Fire Stations etc.). GMEP could help achieve not only the desired transparency and easiness in planning process but also facilitates through efficient & effective tools for management of elections. It enables a faster response to the changing ground realities in the development planning, owing to its in-built scientific approach and open-ended design.

Developing Rural Tourism with the Participation of Related Parties in Bac Kan Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Le Ngoc Nuong ◽  
Ngo Thi Huyen Trang ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thuy Trang ◽  
Nguyen Tien Lam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

Tourism development policy will pay attention to stakeholders, especially the people, who play an important role. However, in reality, when people participate in rural tourism development, they are not equipped with basic knowledge and skills in managing and serving tourists. Because the benefits between stakeholders are still not clear, the participation of people in rural tourism development is currently only passive. Active participation need to be directed from the Government and local authorities because the concept that rural tourism development is not only about creating economic benefits but also associated with conservation and preservation, together with keeping and promoting cultural - historical values in rural areas.

French Spectral Music: an Introduction

Tempo ◽  
1997 ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Moscovich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Spectral Music ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
The People ◽  
French People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
Presidential Policy ◽  
De Gaulle

The composers belonging to what would later be called the ‘spectral music movement’ started their careers in an unstable political period in France. Between 1962 and 1974, under the presidency of Charles de Gaulle and Georges Pompidou, France (the 5th Republic) was what we can call a ‘Gaullist Republic’. But in the middle of the 1960s the economic policy of the government aroused the hostility of the French people. The ‘Stabilization Plan’ of 1963 induced unemployment for the first time since 1945, and the authoritarian character of a government which, in 1967, legislated in the form of ordonnances, turned the people against the presidential policy in every domain.

scholarly journals E-Effectiveness Musrembang's in the Development Planning Process in Medan's Denai District

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Siti Hazzah Nur Ritonga ◽  
Humaizi Humaizi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Community Forum ◽  
The Government

In the regional development planning process, there are frequently deviations in people's aspirations. Musrenbang is a community forum for channeling aspirations in development planning. The launch of the e-musrembang application is expected to accommodate all community aspirations, allowing regional development to be more focused on the community's actual needs. This research aims to determine the efficacy of e-musrembang in development planning in Medan City and the problems or obstacles encountered when using the application. Using qualitative research methods, this study focuses on the Medan Denai District. Interviews, observation, and documentation were used as data collection techniques. Miles, Huberman, and Saldana's interactive analyses were used to analyze the data. The study's findings concluded that had not been effectively implemented the e-Musrenbang system. There is no significant difference between the achievement of the e-Musrenbang system's objectives and the implementation b From the achievement of the purposes of the e-Musrenbang system, and there is no significant difference from the implementation before after the e-Musrenbang. Citizens' misunderstanding in the e-Musrenbang system is judged due to the lack of good communication between the government and its citizens. In the adaptation stage, the Kelurahan and Medan Denai Subdistrict Governments, as implementers in the use of the system, are still rigid and do not understand well the use of the e-Musrenbang system.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN PARTISIPATIF DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryanti Puspasari Abady
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Stake Holder ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

Planning is done by the current government is a plan that has been implemented by using the mechanisms of the Regional Planning Council (Musrenbang) both at the village, district, county /city and provincial level. Implementation plan based on community participation is based on Law No. 25 Year 2004 on National Development Planning System. Implementation Musrenbang conducted so far by the government still needs to search and study further. This relates to whether the processes are carried out only to be a legitimacy for the government to formulate a policy so that it becomes a justification that the policies established through a participatory process or mechanism of development policy formulation planning had been aspirational. Policies established through a participatory process has a high acceptability if implemented. This is because all stakeholders are involved in every stage of policy development planning. Perencanaan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah saat ini merupakan perencanaan yang telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan mekanisme Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Musrenbang) baik di tingkat kelurahan, kecamatan, kabupaten/kota maupun di tingkat provinsi. Implementasi perencanaan yang berbasis pada partisipasi masyarakat didasarkan pada Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Pelaksanaan Musrenbang yang dilakukan selama ini oleh pemerintah masih perlu penelusuran dan kajian lebih lanjut. Hal ini berkaitan dengan apakah proses yang dilakukan hanya menjadi sebuah legitimasi bagi pemerintah dalam menyusun kebijakan sehingga menjadi sebuah pembenaran bahwa kebijakan yang ditetapkan tersebut melalui proses yang partisipatif atau mekanisme perencanaan penyusunan kebijakan pembangunan memang sudah aspiratif. Kebijakan yang ditetapkan melalui proses yang partisipatif memiliki akseptabilitas tinggi jika diimplementasikan. Hal ini disebabkan karena semua stake holder merasa ikut dilibatkan dalam setiap tahapan penyusunan kebijakan perencanaan pembangunan daerah.

scholarly journals POLA PERTUMBUHAN PASAR RAKYAT DI KOTA PONTIANAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Emilya Kalsum ◽  
Yudi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Public Market ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

Pasar tradisional atau pasar rakyat merupakan sebuah pusat kegiatan ekonomi di suatu daerah yang juga menjadi perwujudan kesejahteraan masyarakat sangat berpotensi dalam menggerakkan roda perekonomian berbasis ekonomi rakyat. Pasar rakyat mampu bertahan memberikan pelayanan kebutuhan kepada masyarakat luas sekalipun dalam kondisi krisis perekonomian. Pasar rakyat telah menggambarkan denyut nadi perekonomian rakyat. Oleh karena itu, sangatlah penting untuk menyelamatkan keberadaan pasar rakyat yang kini semakin terhimpit oleh adanya pasar modern yang terus meningkat saat ini. Pemerintah telah memiliki berbagai kebijakan untuk mengantisipasi masalah ini di antaranya adalah Peraturan Presiden Nomor 112 tahun 2007 tentang Penataan dan Pembinaan Pasar rakyat, Pusat Perbelanjaan dan Toko Modern. Namun berbagai kebijakan seringkali hanya diberlakukan pada pasar rakyat yang disediakan atau dibangun oleh pemerintah atau pengelola wilayah. Padahal tak jarang, pasar rakyat yang ada berawal dari pasar yang tumbuh dari swadaya masyarakat. Pasar seperti ini hampir merata tumbuh di setiap kota di Indonesia demikian pula di Kota Pontianak. Identifikasi pola pertumbuhan pasar rakyat di Kota Pontianak ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sebetulnya sebuah pasar rakyat tumbuh dan berkembang di area permukiman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dalam upaya mendeskripsikan gejala atau fenomena tentang pertumbuhan yang terjadi pada saat penelitian dilakukan. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dalam rangka untuk mengetahui jumlah pasar rakyat hasil swadaya masyarakat. Pola pertumbuhan pasar rakyat di Kota Pontianak yang terbentuk dari swadaya masyarakat Kota Pontianak yang ditunjukkan dari hasil penelitian ini sangat relevan untuk menjadi pertimbangan dalam penataan pasar rakyat di Kota Pontianak di masa yang akan datang. Ini terkait pada kebutuhan masyarakat, lokasi, kepemilikan, penempatan dan pengelolaan.PUBLIC MARKETS GROWTH PATTERN IN PONTIANAKTraditional markets or public markets are the centers of economic activity in an area that also embody the welfare of the people who have great potential and can drive the economy of the people. During financial crisis, the markets can survive, providing service needs to the community. Public markets have described the pulse of the people's economy. Therefore, the existence of public markets, which are now increasingly squeezed by the rapid growth of the modern stores, are important to be immediately saved. The government already has several legal protections to overcome this problem, one of it is the Presidential Regulation Number 112 of 2007 concerning the Arrangement and Development of Public Markets, Shopping Centers and Modern Stores. However, various policies are often only applied to the public markets that are provided or built by the government or regional managers. Even though it is not uncommon that the existing public markets originated from markets that grow from nongovernmental community self-help. These markets are almost evenly grown in every city in Indonesia, as well as in Pontianak. Identification of the pattern of growth of the public markets in Pontianak is intended to find out how public markets grow and develop in residential areas. This research uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, to describe the symptoms or phenomena about the growth that occur at the time the research is conducted. A quantitative approach is carried out to find out the number of people's markets resulting from nongovernmental community self-help. The results showed that the pattern of growth of public market in Pontianak which was formed from the self-help of the people was very relevant to be considered in the structuring of the public markets in Pontianak in the future. This is related to community needs, location, ownership, placement, and management.

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