scholarly journals Healthy ecosystems for human and animal health: Science diplomacy for responsible development in the Arctic

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Evengård ◽  
G. Destouni ◽  
Z. Kalantari ◽  
A. Albihn ◽  
C. Björkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
One Health ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
The Future

Abstract Climate warming is occurring most rapidly in the Arctic, which is both a sentinel and a driver of further global change. Ecosystems and human societies are already affected by warming. Permafrost thaws and species are on the move, bringing pathogens and vectors to virgin areas. During a five-year project, the CLINF – a Nordic Center of Excellence, funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers, has worked with the One Health concept, integrating environmental data with human and animal disease data in predictive models and creating maps of dynamic processes affecting the spread of infectious diseases. It is shown that tularemia outbreaks can be predicted even at a regional level with a manageable level of uncertainty. To decrease uncertainty, rapid development of new and harmonised technologies and databases is needed from currently highly heterogeneous data sources. A major source of uncertainty for the future of contaminants and infectious diseases in the Arctic, however, is associated with which paths the majority of the globe chooses to follow in the future. Diplomacy is one of the most powerful tools Arctic nations have to influence these choices of other nations, supported by Arctic science and One Health approaches that recognise the interconnection between people, animals, plants and their shared environment at the local, regional, national and global levels as essential for achieving a sustainable development for both the Arctic and the globe.

scholarly journals A socio-economic approach to One Health policy research in southern Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim A. Kayunze ◽  
Angwara D. Kiwara ◽  
Eligius Lyamuya ◽  
Dominic M. Kambarage ◽  
Jonathan Rushton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Emerging Zoonoses

One-health approaches have started being applied to health systems in some countries in controlling infectious diseases in order to reduce the burden of disease in humans, livestock and wild animals collaboratively. However, one wonders whether the problem of lingering and emerging zoonoses is more affected by health policies, low application of one-health approaches, or other factors. As part of efforts to answer this question, the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS) smart partnership of human health, animal health and socio-economic experts published, in April 2011, a conceptual framework to support One Health research for policy on emerging zoonoses. The main objective of this paper was to identify which factors really affect the burden of disease and how the burden could affect socio-economic well-being. Amongst other issues, the review of literature shows that the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals is driven by many factors, the most important ones being the causative agents (viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc.) and the mediator conditions (social, cultural, economic or climatic) which facilitate the infection to occur and hold. Literature also shows that in many countries there is little collaboration between medical and veterinary services despite the shared underlying science and the increasing infectious disease threat. In view of these findings, a research to inform health policy must walk on two legs: a natural sciences leg and a social sciences one.

scholarly journals One Health for neglected tropical diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Laing ◽  
Marco Antonio Natal Vigilato ◽  
Sarah Cleaveland ◽  
S M Thumbi ◽  
Lucille Blumberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The One ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Abstract The forthcoming World Health Organization road map for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) 2021–2030 recognises the complexity surrounding control and elimination of these 20 diseases of poverty. It emphasises the need for a paradigm shift from disease-specific interventions to holistic cross-cutting approaches coordinating with adjacent disciplines. The One Health approach exemplifies this shift, extending beyond a conventional model of zoonotic disease control to consider the interactions of human and animal health systems within their shared environment and the wider social and economic context. This approach can also promote sustainability and resilience within these systems. To achieve the global ambition on NTD elimination and control, political will, along with contextualised innovative scientific strategies, is required.

scholarly journals Pathology in Ecological Research With Implications for One Health: Session Summary

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1072-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda M. Haschek ◽  
May Berenbaum ◽  
David E. Hinton ◽  
Michelle Cora ◽  
Neil Chernoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Environmental Carcinogens ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Contaminate Drinking Water

This session explored the effects of pollutants on One Health at the ecosystem level that included microbes, insects, fish, and humans. The concept of One Health seeks to synergize medical, veterinary, and other health science disciplines to more effectively advance human and animal health. Presentations explored the interactions of pesticides, pathogens, phytochemicals, and xenobiotic biotransformation in bee colony losses critical for food security (bees have been recently listed under the 2017 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) veterinary feed directive); the role of pathology in identifying the effects of pollutants on fish as sentinels for human health; the effects in rats of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that can persist in the environment and contaminate drinking water; harmful algal blooms and toxin production leading to animal and human disease; and the processing of environmental carcinogens by intestinal microbiota.

One Health – A New Paradigm in Fighting Infectious Diseases in West Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
One Health ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
The One

Zoonotic infectious diseases have been an important concern to humankind for more than 10,000 years. Today, approximately 75% of newly emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are zoonoses that result from various anthropogenic, genetic, ecologic, socioeconomic, and climatic factors. Zoonotic EIDs remain a major global concern, and such threats are expanding, especially in less developed regions. Current Ebola epidemic in West Africa is an extreme stark reminder of the role animal reservoirs play in public health, which reinforces the urgent need to operationalize a One Health approach. Building opportunities to overcome the challenges largely depends on four key capacity-building needs: (1) development of adequate science-based risk management policies, (2) skilled-personnel capacity building, (3) accredited veterinary and public health diagnostic laboratories with a shared database, and (4) improved use of existing natural resources and implementation. This paper highlights the key issues as building block for synthesis of the One Health approach to address the challenges and opportunities for tackling infectious diseases at the human, animal, and environment interface in low-resource settings. Health laboratory services are essential for the efficient delivery of quality and cost-effective healthcare. Training in laboratory services has long been a neglected part of the one health approach in countries like Sierra Leone. Njala University is actively working with other partners of Royal Netherlands Embassy (RNE) Post-Ebola Resilience Project, further reinforcing the One Health Concept by focusing on both human and animal health and its interface.

scholarly journals ‘One Health’ infectious diseases surveillance in Tanzania: Are we all on board the same flight?

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasto V. Mbugi ◽  
Kim A. Kayunze ◽  
Bugwesa Z. Katale ◽  
Sharon Kendall ◽  
Liam Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Low Income ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The One

Infectious diseases account for nearly 40% of the burden of human mortality and morbidity in low-income countries, of which 7% is attributable to zoonoses and 13% to recently emerging diseases from animals. One of the strategic approaches for effective surveillance, monitoring and control of infectious diseases compromising health in both humans and animals could be through a combination of multiple disciplines. The approach can be achieved through a joint effort from stakeholders comprising health professionals (medical and veterinary), social, economic, agricultural, environmental and other interested parties. With resource scarcity in terms of number of staff, skills and facility in low-income countries, participatory multi- sectoral and multidisciplinary approaches in limiting the burden of zoonotic diseases could be worthwhile. We review challenging issues that may limit the ‘One Health’ approach for infectious diseases surveillance in Tanzania with a focus on Health Policy and how best the human and animal health systems could be complemented or linked to suit the community in need for disease control under the theme’s context.

scholarly journals Towards One Health disease surveillance: The Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esron D. Karimuribo ◽  
Kuya Sayalel ◽  
Eric Beda ◽  
Nick Short ◽  
Philemon Wambura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Infectious Disease Surveillance ◽  
Custom Made

Africa has the highest burden of infectious diseases in the world and yet the least capacity for its risk management. It has therefore become increasingly important to search for ‘fit-for- purpose’ approaches to infectious disease surveillance and thereby targeted disease control. The fact that the majority of human infectious diseases are originally of animal origin means we have to consider One Health (OH) approaches which require inter-sectoral collaboration for custom-made infectious disease surveillance in the endemic settings of Africa. A baseline survey was conducted to assess the current status and performance of human and animal health surveillance systems and subsequently a strategy towards OH surveillance system was developed. The strategy focused on assessing the combination of participatory epidemiological approaches and the deployment of mobile technologies to enhance the effectiveness of disease alerts and surveillance at the point of occurrence, which often lies in remote areas. We selected three study sites, namely the Ngorongoro, Kagera River basin and Zambezi River basin ecosystems. We have piloted and introduced the next-generation Android mobile phones running the EpiCollect application developed by Imperial College to aid geo-spatial and clinical data capture and transmission of this data from the field to the remote Information Technology (IT) servers at the research hubs for storage, analysis, feedback and reporting. We expect that the combination of participatory epidemiology and technology will significantly improve OH disease surveillance in southern Africa.

scholarly journals THE APPROACH OF ONE HEALTH CONCEPT IN ADDRESSING THE SPREAD OF ZOONOTIC DISEASES IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Faika Rachmawati ◽  
Khariri Khariri
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
And Control

Most infectious diseases in the world are zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are now a public health problem that is taking the world's attention because it can cause a pandemic. Zoonotic pandemic diseases can have a very large impact on people's social and economic life. This article is a literature review of the approach of one health concept in addressing the spread of zoonotic diseases in Indonesia. Data collection is carried out through research libraries in the form of scientific journals, books, articles in mass media, and online media. Improving the world of livestock in Indonesia has an impact on humans and the environment. This can increase the risk of transmitting various infectious diseases from animals to humans. The spread of disease occurs quickly and can reach areas not limited by cities, islands, even continents. Zoonotic diseases are closely related to animals and humans, so the planning and control efforts undertaken must involve many people in charge, especially in the animal, human and environmental health sectors. Starting from the joint vigilance, the concept of One Health was born. One health approach needs to involve cross-sectoral and cross-disciplinary by integrating professional concepts in animal health and human health. The concept of one health comprehensively looks at the components related to the process of emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases so that the picture of the disease is more complete and makes it easier to overcome.

scholarly journals 4.E. Workshop: Climate change influence in the exposure to several risk factors: One Health approach as a solution?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract   Climate change (CC), considered by IPCC as unequivocal, is associated with significant changes in long-term weather characteristics and short-term weather extremes in different regions of the globe. The increasing of exposure to several risk factors within the human, animal and environmental dimensions is one of the effects of CC. Considering that the persistence and mobility of chemicals/toxins are influenced by weather conditions, we can predict that human exposure will be affected. Additionally, changes in biota are also predicted as an adaptation to the CC scenario and due to the increased use of biocides. Additionally, the need for other agriculture regions due to CC will increase the contact with wildlife leading to “spill overs” and increasing the risk of occurring new pandemics. Several aspects still need to be targeted for future research projects aiming to understand the variability in exposure that can be promoted by CC and the impact on human health. Considering that CC affects not only human health, but also the environment and consequently the animal health, the One Health perspective is considered an adequate approach to tackle the foreseen effects. One Health is a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach, aiming to achieve optimal health outcomes recognizing the interconnection between humans, animals, and their shared environment. This workshop aims to give an overview of the potential effects of CC regarding the increased exposure to several risk factors and the contribution of One Health as a multidisciplinary approach to tackle these issues. Five interlinked presentations will bring to the table several facets: CC, One Health, exposure to chemicals/toxins and biota. The workshop will focus mainly the impact of CC on public health and presenting some ways forward, namely in what regards to a multi-sectorial regulatory approach as a way of protecting human health. The workshop includes a first presentation by Joana Lobo Vicente from European Environment Agency to give an overview of climate change and the effects on environment, at European level, and with a special focus on exposure to chemicals. Further on, three presentations held by Ricardo Assunção, Carla Martins and Carla Viegas, researchers from academic Portuguese institutions, will shed a light on the exposure to chemicals, toxins and biota in Europe, the expected consequences and the associated burden of disease, and the azoles resistance by fungi. Lastly, the presentation of Susana Viegas will give an overview of the relevance of the One Health approach to tackle the CC impacts and how science can support a multi-sectorial policy action. Altogether, these presentations will highlight the need for a multi-sectorial intervention under the One Health to maximize the co-benefits in the three domains. The establishment of preventive measures is characterized by several challenges, but it is expected to allow Public Health achievements. Key messages CC will have extensive negative impacts on the exposure to different risk factors. The lack of studies focused on the assessment of the indirect effectsof the CC.

scholarly journals Viral Zoonoses of National Importance in Ghana: Advancements and Opportunities for Enhancing Capacities for Early Detection and Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Richard D. Suu-Ire ◽  
Evangeline Obodai ◽  
J. H. Kofi Bonney ◽  
Samuel O. Bel-Nono ◽  
William Ampofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Global Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
National Importance ◽  
The One

Zoonotic diseases have devastating impacts on human and animal health, livelihoods, and economies. Addressing the complex web of interrelated factors leading to zoonotic disease emergence and spread requires a transdisciplinary, cross-sectoral approach, One Health. The One Health approach, which considers the linkages between the health of people, animals, and their shared environment, presents opportunities to reduce these impacts through a more holistic coordinated strategy to understanding and mitigating disease risks. Understanding the linkages between animal, human, and environmental health risks and outcomes is critical for developing early detection systems and risk reduction strategies to address known and novel zoonotic disease threats. Nearly 70 countries across the world, including Ghana, have signed on to the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA), which is facilitating multisectoral approaches to strengthen country capacities in the prevention and early detection of and respond to infectious disease threats. Currently, Ghana has not yet formalized a national One Health policy. The lack of a clearly defined multisectoral platform and limited collaboration among key Ghanaian Ministries, Departments, and Agencies has impacted the country’s ability to effectively mitigate and respond to emerging and reemerging zoonoses. Many of these emerging zoonoses are caused by viruses, which, because of their diversity and evolutionary properties, are perceived to pose the greatest threat to global health security. Here, we review viral zoonoses of national importance and priority in Ghana, highlight recent advancements in One Health capacities, and discuss opportunities for implementing One Health approaches to mitigate zoonotic disease threats.

scholarly journals One hundred years of zoonoses research in the Horn of Africa: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0009607
Author(s):  
Lisa Cavalerie ◽  
Maya Wardeh ◽  
Ophélie Lebrasseur ◽  
Mark Nanyingi ◽  
K. Marie McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
One Health ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Human Animal

Background One Health is particularly relevant to the Horn of Africa where many people’s livelihoods are highly dependent on livestock and their shared environment. In this context, zoonoses may have a dramatic impact on both human and animal health, but also on country economies. This scoping review aimed to characterise and evaluate the nature of zoonotic disease research in the Horn region. Specifically, it addressed the following questions: (i) what specific zoonotic diseases have been prioritised for research, (ii) what data have been reported (human, animal or environment), (iii) what methods have been applied, and (iv) who has been the doing the research? Methodology/principal findings We used keyword combinations to search online databases for peer-reviewed papers and theses. Screening and data extraction (disease, country, domain and method) was performed using DistillerSR. A total of 2055 studies focusing on seven countries and over 60 zoonoses were included. Brucellosis attracted the highest attention in terms of research while anthrax, Q fever and leptospirosis have been comparatively under-studied. Research efforts did not always align with zoonoses priorities identified at national levels. Despite zoonoses being a clear target for One Health research, a very limited proportion of studies report data on the three domains of human, animal and environment. Descriptive and observational epidemiological studies were dominant and only a low proportion of publications were multidisciplinary. Finally, we found that a minority of international collaborations were between Global South countries with a high proportion of authors having affiliations from outside the Horn of Africa. Conclusions/significance There is a growing interest in zoonoses research in the Horn of Africa. Recommendations arising from this scoping review include: (i) ensuring zoonoses research aligns with national and global research agendas; (ii) encouraging researchers to adopt a holistic, transdisciplinary One Health approach following high quality reporting standards (COHERE, PRISMA, etc.); and (iii) empowering local researchers supported by regional and international partnerships to engage in zoonoses research.

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