scholarly journals Trends in self-reported psychological distress among college and university students from 2010 to 2018

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Knapstad ◽  
Børge Sivertsen ◽  
Ann Kristin Knudsen ◽  
Otto Robert Frans Smith ◽  
Leif Edvard Aarø ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
University Students ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Full Time ◽  
College And University ◽  
Hopkins Symptom Checklist ◽  
Actual Increase

Abstract Background An increase in reported psychological distress, particularly among adolescent girls, is observed across a range of countries. Whether a similar trend exists among students in higher education remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to describe trends in self-reported psychological distress among Norwegian college and university students from 2010 to 2018. Methods We employed data from the Students' Health and Wellbeing Study (SHoT), a nationwide survey for higher education in Norway including full-time students aged 18–34. Numbers of participants (participation rates) were n = 6065 (23%) in 2010, n = 13 663 (29%) in 2014 and n = 49 321 (31%) in 2018. Psychological distress was measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Results Overall, a statistically significant increase in self-reported psychological distress was observed over time across gender and age-groups. HSCL-25 scores were markedly higher for women than for men at all time-points. Effect-size of the mean change was also stronger for women (time-by-gender interaction: χ2 = 70.02, df = 2, p < 0.001): in women, mean HSCL-25 score increased from 1.62 in 2010 to 1.82 in 2018, yielding a mean change effect-size of 0.40. The corresponding change in men was from 1.42 in 2010 to 1.53 in 2018, giving an effect-size of 0.26. Conclusions Both the level and increase in self-reported psychological distress among Norwegian students in higher education are potentially worrying. Several mechanisms may contribute to the observed trend, including changes in response style and actual increase in distress. The relative low response rates in SHoT warrant caution when interpreting and generalising the findings.

scholarly journals Physical exercise and body-mass index in young adults: a national survey of Norwegian university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Grasdalsmoen ◽  
Hege Randi Eriksen ◽  
Kari Jussie Lønning ◽  
Børge Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
College And University

Abstract Background Physical inactivity and obesity pose a major public health challenge. The aim of this study was to describe the level of physical exercise and body-mass index in college and university students, as well as to examine potential changes from 2010 to 2018. Methods Data stem from the SHoT study, a national student health survey for higher education in Norway, conducted at 4-year intervals. The SHOT studies conducted so far in 2010, 2014 and 2018, included 6053, 13,525 and 50,054 fulltime students (aged 18–35), respectively. Exercise frequency (average number of times exercising each week) was assessed in all three waves, and was used for the trend analysis. The last wave in 2018 also assessed the average intensity and duration of the exercise. Results Overall, students exercised less in 2018 compared to 2014, but comparable to level in 2010. The prevalence of overweight increased substantially from 2010 to 2018, but especially in the last 4 years and among older female students. Less than one of four male, and one of five female students, met the recommended criteria for both exercise frequency, intensity and duration. As expected, the associations between exercise and overweight/obesity were in a dose-response manner, and strong across all three waves. Conclusions Our findings show that the large majority of young adults fail to meet international recommendations on exercise, and that the proportion of overweight is increasing in both genders and across all age groups. We conclude that there is an urgent need for a broad approach to achieve a paradigm shift in supporting our college and university students to become more active.

scholarly journals Seedbed of Professionalism in Southeastern College Libraries, 1890-1920

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Full Time ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
College And University ◽  
Consistent Basis ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACT:  The creation of academic libraries was a fundamental element in the rapid growth of higher education and mature literary culture in the United States at the end of the 19th century. This was the period when college and university libraries began their transformation from minor book depositories into centers of information. Southern colleges too were part of this transition and began developing their libraries and using full-time librarians during the Gilded and Progressive Eras.  Southern libraries, however, have seldom been studied on a consistent basis. This talk will explore the growth of academic libraries and the spread of academic librarians in the Southeast during this period.  These libraries, while remaining limited in size and numbers compared to those in other parts of the country, were quite aware of changes and attempted to keep up with professional growth.

Alcohol-related problems among college and university students in Norway: extent of the problem

2019 ◽  
pp. 140349481986351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ove Heradstveit ◽  
Jens Christoffer Skogen ◽  
Geir Scott Brunborg ◽  
Kari Jussi Lønning ◽  
Børge Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Full Time ◽  
College And University ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Aims: The aim of the current study was to provide estimates of the distribution of alcohol-related problems in a large sample of college and university students. We also sought to examine trends in the distribution of alcohol-related problems from 2010 to 2018. Methods: Data stem from a recent national health survey from 2018 for higher education in Norway (the SHoT study) in which 50,054 full-time students (69.1% women; 30.9% men) aged 18–35 years participated. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess potential alcohol-related problems. Data on demographic characteristics were also collected. Results: More than half of the male students (52.8%) and 4 out of 10 of the female students (40.1%) reported risky, harmful or dependent alcohol use. Compared to women, men had an increased risk of risky alcohol use (relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.57), harmful alcohol use (RRR = 2.45) and dependent alcohol use (RRR = 2.73). Younger students had higher rates of risky and harmful alcohol use compared with older students, while rates of dependent alcohol use were similar across the age span. Several demographic variables were associated with alcohol use. The trend analyses revealed that the rates of risky, harmful and dependent alcohol use, as well as mean AUDIT scores, among the students have remained relatively stable over the past 8 years. Conclusions: Alcohol use remains an important health concern among Norwegian college and university students, and the present study confirms the high rates of alcohol-related problems, and the need to address the issue within this population.

scholarly journals THE LEVELS OF FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PERSONAL SELF-DETERMINATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-497
Author(s):  
Masliuk K. ◽  
Koval V. ◽  
Grygorenko T.
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Teachers And Students

Purpose: The article defines the levels of formation of the culture of personal self-determination of students of Ukrainian higher education institutions, namely, the formation of culture. This study uses the functional model to emphasize that self-determined behaviors must be defined within the context of the purpose or utility of such behavior for the student. Methodology: Analyze the process of developing students' self-confidence in its social perspective on the basics of Ukrainian education using questionnaires, tests and surveys. The examination included 348 understudies from the control (178 people) and trial (170 people) gatherings and the confirmation phase of the analysis was held at three colleges. Result: Diagnosis and analysis showed the reasons for the low and middle levels of the formation of the culture of personal self-determination of students because there is no clear definition in the content, forms and methods of work. In general, the distribution of students by the levels of effectiveness of life assignments will be illustrated. Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. This qualitative study used a participatory action approach (focus group) to evaluate the perception of teachers, youth and parents of diverse ethnicities with regard to cultural influences on self-determination. Eight groups consisted of youth only, eight of parents only and four groups of teachers only. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Ukrainian University Students' Self-Determination: Culture Formation Aspect is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner. Also, the main originality used in this study is in the case studies investigated. The cases were students who are the autonomous adolescences among all classified different age groups.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Subjectively Evaluated Giftedness of University Students with Different Statuses

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
S.O. Kursov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Status ◽  
Status Position

The article discusses the interconnection of subjective evaluation of giftedness with status position of university students in the study group. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of approaches to the study giftedness and proves necessity of the study of giftedness subjective assessments. The empirical study included 231 full-time students of the first, third and fifth year of Moscow higher education institute. The paper confirmed the hypothesis that student’s giftedness subjectively evaluated by his (her) classmates positively correlated with its position in the study group. To test the hypothesis we used sociometry, referentometry, methodological procedure to define the informal power structure in a group, as well as the author's questionnaire to identify giftedness subjective assessments. The paper analyzes the features of the giftedness subjective assessments of student by his (her) groupmates studying the engineering and natural science. Giftedness estimation in the groups of students studying engineering is more associated with the status position of students than in the groups studying natural science.

Evidence of Disillusionment of Younger Cohorts in Higher Education in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
Harish Chaudhry ◽  
Sunil Gupta ◽  
Rajendra Nargundkar ◽  
Anurag Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Full Time ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Senior Faculty ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Education In India ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Time Faculty

With increasing demand for quality education, it is imperative for universities to attract and retain good faculty. This study explores the effect of demographic and some external factors on faculty satisfaction. The analysis is based on a nationwide survey of full-time faculty across 1,000 colleges and institutes in India. Results show that senior faculty is more satisfied than younger ones. Policy makers in higher education and university administrators should take this input to take corrective steps to ensure teaching as a career remains attractive and competes successfully with other career options available to young eligible graduates.

scholarly journals Sexual harassment and assault among university students in Norway: a cross-sectional prevalence study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026993
Author(s):  
Børge Sivertsen ◽  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Ida E H Madsen ◽  
Marit Knapstad ◽  
Kari Jussie Lønning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
University Students ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
College And University ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Past

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to provide estimates of both overall and specific forms of sexual harassment among male and female college and university students.Design and settingData stem from a recent national student health survey from 2018 for higher education in Norway (the SHoT study (Students’ Health and Wellbeing Study)).Participants50 054 full-time students (69.1% women) aged 18–35 years participated, yielding a response rate of 31%.Main outcome measureSexual harassment was defined according to Norwegian legal regulations, and was assessed by self-report on seven items covering verbal, non-verbal and physical sexual harassment. We also collected data on the timeframe and frequency of the sexual harassment, in addition to the formal position of the perpetrator of the harassment.ResultsLifetime sexual harassment was reported by 24.2% (women 31.3%, men 8.0%), while 16.7% (women 21.6%, men 5.7%) reported having been sexually harassed within the past year. The most common forms of lifetime (ever having experienced) sexual harassments were ‘sexual expressions, suggestions or comments about your body’ and ‘unwanted touching, hugging or kissing’ (both 15.4%), while rape and rape attempt were reported by 3.4% and 2.1%, respectively. Exposure to all forms of past-year sexual harassments was significantly more common among women and the youngest age cohorts. Fellow students committed the past-year sexual harassment in 18%–29% of the instances, while a university staff member was reported to have committed the harassment in 0.6%–4.6% of cases.ConclusionGiven the potential consequences suffered by those exposed to sexual harassment and assault, both the institutions and student welfare organisations should intensify their efforts to put the theme on the agenda and provide both legal and health services to victims of sexual harassment. The low response rate means that care should be taken in interpreting and generalising the findings to the whole student population.

Risk of eating disorders in university students: an international study in Hungary, Poland and Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lukács ◽  
Małgorzata Wasilewska ◽  
Olha Sopel ◽  
Marie-Pierre Tavolacci ◽  
Beatrix Varga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
University Students ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
International Study ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Access To Health

AbstractObjectiveIn this international study, the prevalence of Eating disorders (EDs) was determined among university students and identified associated demographic and behavioral factors predicting disorders using data from three European countries.MethodsThe survey was conducted in Hungary, Poland, and Ukraine in 2018. Registered full-time students completed an online anonymous questionnaire. Students provided data about socioeconomic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), EDs, physical fitness and sport practice, psychological distress (stress, anxiety, depression), life orientation, alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software.ResultsFrom the 1965 returned questionnaires 1950 were analyzed, because of the missing data (67.3% female, mean age of the total participant’s 21.40 ± 3.83 years old). EDs were observed in 26.3% of students. In logistic regression, EDs were predicted by female sex, higher BMI, single marital status, elevated psychological distress and limited access to health care.ConclusionEDs are relatively common in university students especially in females. Students with higher distress and BMI, limited access to health care and living without partner are at risk for EDs. This result highlights the need for a public health approach. Universities are the last chance where students can be screened in an organized setting and offer interventions early when treatment is likely to be most effective.

scholarly journals Differences in the Age-varying Association of School Belonging with Socioemotional Flourishing among Minority and Non-minority College and University Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Parr
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
White Students ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
Varying Coefficient Models ◽  
College And University ◽  
The U.S

School belonging is linked with socioemotional wellbeing and academic achievement, but an important question is whether school belonging or its effects vary for college or university students of minority identities. A number of outcomes associated with school belonging, including positive social relationships, perceptions of a fulfilling life, self-respect, optimism, and self-efficacy, are interlinked by the concept of socioemotional flourishing. This study aimed to assess the age-varying prevalence of and association between school belonging and flourishing among sexual or gender minority (SGM) and racial or ethnic minority (REM) students compared with non-minority students in the U.S. higher education setting. Data were drawn from a large national survey of U.S. college and university students ages 18–26, and were examined using varying-coefficient models to estimate the relation of school belonging and flourishing as a continuous function of age. SGM students (n = 6,718) had significantly lower belonging and flourishing than cisgender heterosexual students (n = 19,492) across all age points, and compared to white students (n= 16,444), REM students (n = 10,539) endorsed significantly lower belonging and flourishing at several age points. The association of belonging with flourishing was found to be significantly greater for SGM students than for cisgender heterosexual students across all ages, while age-varying associations for REM and white students were more complex. Findings of this study underline the unique importance and magnitude of the role of school belonging in socioemotional flourishing for SGM young adults, and highlight potential avenues for prevention of negative psychosocial and substance use outcomes among both SGM and REM college and university students.

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