scholarly journals The case against divination: an examination of Cicero's De Divinatione

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Denyer
Keyword(s):  
Physical System ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Star Wars ◽  
Public Comment ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
Public Responsibility

Ancient divination had something of the status of modern science. Diviners, like scientists, were expected to offer public comment on all manner of subjects, from strange meteorological phenomena to proposals for military campaigns, from shooting stars to Star Wars. In both cases this public responsibility is based upon a supposed expertise in prediction. And the arguments of those ancient philosophers who attempted to justify such a status for divination run in some ways remarkably parallel to those of modern philosophers who have attempted to justify such a status for science. Thus we are told both by Stoics and by modern Scientific Realists that the world forms a single and unitary physical system, with nothing outside it to prevent the course of events from unfolding in accordance with the adamantine regularities which are the laws whereby nature operates. This determinism, and its consequence that the entire future of the world is already prefigured in the current state of things, makes it possible for us now to tell what will happen later. And that possibility is realised. Scientific predictions, we are told, may not be uniformly correct, but they are correct too often for that to be due to chance. The predictions of diviners, one must likewise concede, are not uniformly correct: nonnumquam ea quae praedicta sunt minus eueniunt (Cicero, De Divinatione, 1.24).

scholarly journals Characteristics of the world and Russian production of fruits products (apples and pears)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Lyubov Georgievna Demenina ◽  
Anna Borisovna Petrova ◽  
Kristina Andreevna Savitskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Kavelenova
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Active Substances

The paper deals with the peculiarities of the biological characteristics of the most important fruit crops of temperate climates - apple and pear (Rosaceae family, subfamily Maloideae), taking into account the world, national and regional cultivation. Both cultures are characterized by significant food and commodity value, have some differences in the chemical composition of the fruit, including the leading components of the mass and biologically active substances, which determine the peculiarities of their use in the human diet. In both global and national fruit-growing, pears play a secondary role compared to apple, giving way to the number of varieties, the volume of production and the areas occupied. Based on the analysis of available statistical data of the FAO database, the dynamics of changes from 1990 to 2016 of the world production of apple and pear fruits with visualization on the continents, identifying world leaders and major trends are considered. For the USSR (from 1962 to 1990) and in Russian Federation (from 1992 to 2016) the paper presents a picture of changes in the volume of fruit production, discusses the status of fruit production in the country. The features of the historical development and current state of fruit growing in the Samara Region and prospects are discussed.

scholarly journals Where have we been and where are we going? The state of contemporary health promotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Woodall ◽  
Charlotte Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Policy And Practice

This paper seeks to critically discuss the current state of health promotion, arguing that ambiguity remains in its conceptual foundation, practice and education, which is contributing to its decline in several parts of the world. Drawing on relevant literature, the paper re-examines the status of health promotion as a specialist discipline in its own right and suggests that the reaffirmation of this status can move health promotion from the margins to the mainstream of public health policy and practice. The paper briefly rehearses some common conceptualisations of health promotion before suggesting four tensions which, if resolved, could offer greater conceptual clarity and galvanise the contribution of the discipline in addressing individual and community health across the globe.

Phenomenology, epistemic issues in

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Postmodern Thought ◽  
Continental Tradition ◽  
The Mind

Phenomenology is not a unified doctrine. Its main proponents – Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty – interpret it differently. However, it is possible to present a broad characterization of what they share. Phenomenology is a method of philosophical investigation which results in a radical ontological revision of Cartesian Dualism. It has implications for epistemology: the claim is that, when the foundations of empirical knowledge in perception and action are properly characterized, traditional forms of scepticism and standard attempts to justify knowledge are undermined. Phenomenological method purports to be descriptive and presuppositionless. First one adopts a reflective attitude towards one’s experience of the world by putting aside assumptions about the world’s existence and character. Second, one seeks to describe particular, concrete phenomena. Phenomena are not contents of the mind; they all involve an experiencing subject and an experienced object. Phenomenological description aims to make explicit essential features implicit in the ‘lived-world’ – the world as we act in it prior to any theorizing about it. The phenomenological method reveals that practical knowledge is prior to propositional knowledge – knowing that arises from knowing how. The key thesis of phenomenology, drawn from Brentano, is that consciousness is intentional, that is, directed onto objects. Phenomenologists interpret this to mean that subjects and objects are essentially interrelated, a fact which any adequate account of subjects and objects must preserve. Phenomenological accounts of subjects emphasize action and the body; accounts of objects emphasize the significance they have for us. The aim to be presuppositionless involves scrutinizing scientific and philosophical theories (Galileo, Locke and Kant are especially challenged). Phenomenology launches a radical critique of modern philosophy as overinfluenced by the findings of the natural sciences. In particular, epistemology has adopted from science its characterization of the basic data of experience. The influence of phenomenology on the analytic tradition has been negligible. The influence on the Continental tradition has been greater. The phenomenological critique of modern science and philosophy has influenced postmodern thought which interprets the modernist worldview as having the status of master narrative rather than truth. Postmodern thought also criticizes the positive phenomenological claim that there are essential features of the lived-world.

scholarly journals Palliative Care in Russia: Condition and Problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shortage Of Doctors ◽  
Seriously Ill Patients ◽  
Seriously Ill

In this article, the key problems of palliative care in Russia are considered. The introduction substantiates the relevance of studying the current state of palliative care in Russia and around the world. The author provides a generalized description of the number of seriously ill patients: both those in need of palliative care, and those receiving it. The author focuses on the growth in the number of people requiring palliative care with a simultaneous shortage of doctors working in palliative medicine. Based on the study of regulations governing the educational process and professional activities of medical staff, it has been established that the status of palliative care doctors has legal uncertainty, which raises the problem of the actual lack of specialists in palliative care in the country. It was noted that palliative care in Russia is provided by practicing doctors of other specializations, social workers and volunteers. The article describes some of the challenges that medics face when working with palliative care patients. The problems of lack of protection of the rights of medics facing pain and other painful syndromes, as well as the issue of inappropriate distribution of financial flows in palliative care, are revealed. The idea that palliative care is becoming economically beneficial for the state with proper organization is justified. The author concludes that palliative care should be multi-disciplinary, and accessible to everyone who needs it.

scholarly journals Social security of war and military conflicts veterans in in the states of the Romano-Germanic legal family (on the example of France and Germany)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Kyrylo Nedrya
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
World Order ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
High Level

In this article, we analyze the history of the formation and development of the system of providing social and legal guarantees to participants of hostilities in the example of France and Germany, from 1914 to the present time. These countries were selected as key representatives of the Romano-German legal system. In addition, the experience of these countries is quite interesting in terms of the traditions of protection of war veterans, as well as the success of the state and society in this direction, which is an indication of the absence of any conflicts around this and social tension in particular. This situation is not a coincidence, since both France and Germany have a great military history, as former colonial empires, as well as states that can be considered the founders of modern armies of the world, and therefore the social protection of the mili-tary. The intensity of military campaigns and wars has contributed to a steadily high level of disability in families and families who have lost a breadwinner, which also required a solution, as well as a system of government and state support. The history of these countries in the twentieth century was also an exception, defining for them the status of opponents and key participants in the two world wars, as well as par-ticipation in the further formation of the world order (including military methods). They are still active, continuing to participate in NATO and UN peacekeeping operations, making their experience and evolution of the state support system for veterans constantly relevant.

scholarly journals Machine and Deep Learning Towards COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment: Survey, Challenges, and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Alafif
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) have been widely used in our daily lives in a variety of ways with many effective stories. Also, they have been instrumental in tackling the Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, which has been occurring around the world. The COVID-19 epidemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the world, leading to global outbreaks. Most governments, businesses, and scientific research institutions are taking part in the COVID-19 struggle to stem the spread of the disease. In this survey, we investigate the Artificial Intelligence (AI) based ML and DL towards COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment. In addition, we summarize the AI-based ML and DL methods and available datasets, resources, and results in the fight against COVID-19. This survey provides the ML and DL researchers and the wider health community a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art methodologies and applications with details of how ML and DL and data can improve the status of COVID-19, and further studies to stop the COVID-19 outbreak. Challenges and future directions details are also provided.

Impact of Social Media on English Language: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dr. Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
International Level ◽  
Class Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Subsequent Rise

Language being a potent vehicle of transmitting cultural values, norms and beliefs remains a central factor in determining the status of any nation. India is a multilingual country which tends to encourage people to use English at national and international level. Basically English in India owes its presence to the British but its subsequent rise is not fully attributable to the British. It has now become the language of wider communication which is now spoken by large number of people all over the world. It is influenced by many factors such as class, society, developments in science and technology etc. However the major influence on English language is and has been the media.

MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT HIGH SCHOOLS IN VINH YEN CITY, VINH PHUC PROVINCE MEETS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Kha Thap
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information Technology Application

Entering the XXI century and especially in the period of the industrial revolution has entered the era of IT with the knowledge economy in the trend of globalization. The 4.0 mankind development of ICT, especially the Internet has had a strong impact and make changes to all activities profound social life of every country in the world. Through surveys in six high School, interviewed 85 managers and teachers on the status of the management of information technology application in teaching, author of the article used the SWOT method to distribute surface strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges from which to export 7 management measures consistent with reality. 7 measures have been conducting trials and the results showed that 07 measures of necessary and feasible.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD MARKET OF SERVICES IN TURBULENCE CONDITIONS AND CHANGES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Nosach ◽  
◽  
Victoria Morgun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World

The author's research of the current state and features of the development of the world market for services in conditions of turbulence of world processes was carried; the world leaders of the service sector in the global dimension and leaders of the most dynamic articles of service categories were identified; the share of world exports of services by countries by the level of their economic development was justified; weaknesses in the assessment of indicators of international trade in services were identified; the research is based on UNCTAD statistics.

FAMILY TRADITIONS: REFLECTION OF SOME FAMILY TRADITIONS IN THE LINGUISTIC PICTURE OF THE WORLD (ON THE BASIS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK PROVERBS AND IDIOMS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Feruza Mamatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
Marriage Partner ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

The present paper aims to compare the principles of choosing a marriage partner and analyse the status of being in the marrriage in the frame of family traditions that are totally inherent to the both of the nations: English and Uzbek. It is known that interconnection and cross-cultural communication between the countries of these two nationalities have been recently developed. The purpose to give an idea about these types of family traditions and prevent any misunderstanding that might occur in the communications makes our investigation topical one. The research used phraseological units as an object and the marriage aspects as the subject

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