Controversial Views on Writing Colonial History

Itinerario ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Breman
Keyword(s):  
Policy Framework ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Formed Part

The discovery of an official report, so far unpublished, about coolie scandals on the plantations on Sumatra's East Coast around the year 1900, motivated me to produce a full-length book on this theme. My original intention had been merely to write a short introduction to the publication of a shocking historical document. However, I changed my mind when it became obvious that proper understanding of the source required more background information on the social and policy framework within which the plantation system operated. This applied both to conditions on the estates themselves and to the evaluation of those affairs by official and non-official outsiders. The main aim of my study is to contribute to the historiography of industrial labour in Southeast Asia. However, it also analyses die linkage that came about between capitalist industry and colonial policy in a region that formed part of the so-called Outer Provinces of die Netherlands Indies.

Between entrepreneurs and workers: Cleavages and compromises in rationales and policy solutions regarding ‘dependent contractors’

2021 ◽  
pp. 0143831X2110303
Author(s):  
Louis Florin ◽  
François Pichault
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Narratives ◽  
Social Partners ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework ◽  
Policy Solutions ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Labour Regulation

The emergence of dependent contractors challenges the existing institutions regarding social protection and labour regulation. This article aims at identifying the political narratives that explain the emergence of New Forms of Employment (NFE) and dependent contracting along with the policy solutions proposed by the social partners at the EU and international level. By analysing policy documents from the social partners through the lens of a qualitative version of the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF), the authors indentify two distinct narratives – ‘devaluation of work’ and ‘entrepreneurship and flexibility’. The authors show how these rationales lead to various policy solutions and identify oppositions and possible compromise.

Glandy Cross: A Later Prehistoric Monumental Complex in Carmarthenshire, Wales

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 257-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Kirk ◽  
George Williams ◽  
A. Caseldine ◽  
J. Crowther ◽  
I. Darke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Project Report ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
George Williams

Excavations at the Glandy Cross monumental complex during 1991 and 1992 formed part of an integrated programme of evaluation, rescue, and research by Dyfed Archaeological Trust (DAT). Enclosures, pit circles, standing stones, and cairns were excavated and their environs systematically surveyed. Radiocarbon dates show the monumental complex to have been constructed between c. 2190–1530 cal BC. However, the earliest activity at the site may date to c. 4470–4230 cal BC. A defended enclosure was constructed on the peripheries of the complex c. 830–510 cal BC.The 1991–92 excavation results are presented along with a summary of survey, salvage, and research spanning the period 1981 to 1992. This new data set is tentatively interpreted in terms of historical process and the social practice of monumental construction. A brief commentary on heritage management at Glandy Cross is also presented.A note on authorship: one of the authors (George Williams) directed the Glandy Cross excavations during 1991–92 and prepared an initial draft of the project report. Following his retirement from DAT a project editor (Trevor Kirk) was commissioned by Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments to guide the project towards publication. This paper was largely penned by the project editor, though the excavation and survey data were produced by George Williams and his fieldwork team. The excavation and survey archives are held at the offices of DAT.

Hands off the metadata!: Comparing the use of explicit and background metadata in crowdsourced dialectology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsin Blaxter ◽  
David Britain
Keyword(s):  
Language Variation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Background Information ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Language Variation And Change ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dialect Variation ◽  
Regional Dialect

Abstract In this article we assess the extent to which we can collect plausible data about regional dialect variation using crowdsourcing techniques – the BBC Future Survey – without explicitly gathering any user metadata, but relying instead on background information collected by Google Analytics. In order to do this, we compare this approach with another crowdsourced survey, operated from a smartphone application, which examines the same site – the British Isles – but which explicitly asks users to submit detailed social background information – the English Dialects App (EDA) (Leemann et al. 2018). The EDA has the disadvantage that there is a considerable user drop-off between completing the dialect survey and completing the social metadata questionnaire. The BBC Future Survey, however, only collects information on where users are physically located when they complete the survey – not where they are from or even where they live. Results show that the BBC Future Survey produces a plausible snapshot of regional dialect variability that can complement other more sophisticated (expensive, time-consuming) approaches to investigating language variation and change. We suggest the approach constitutes a digital-era rapid anonymous survey along the lines of Labov (1972), serving similar aims, with similar success, but on a much much larger scale.

‘The whole of the proceedings were very orderly’: Gunpowder Plot celebrations, civic culture and identity in some smaller Kent towns, 1860–1890

Urban History ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAIN TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Civic Culture ◽  
Business Relationships ◽  
Local Variant ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gunpowder Plot ◽  
Formed Part

ABSTRACT:This article looks at how and why Bonfire Night celebrations became more peaceful in the later nineteenth century in some smaller Kent towns and what this process reveals about local civic cultures and identities. The drive towards respectability is seen both in the changing business relationships between participants, spectators and local tradesmen and in the evolving role of satire within processions. The ‘social energy’ visible at these events was channelled such that earlier class and other vertical conflicts within these towns were superseded by horizontal rivalries without, as they competed against each other (an important local variant of civic boosterism) to build free public libraries, for example. Moreover, more peaceful ‘Fifths’ and better reading facilities were linked, since both formed part of the much-altered prevailing civic cultures in these towns – their comprehensive, continuous, identity-driven efforts to present themselves in the best possible light against their rivals.

scholarly journals Sociology, Ecology and a Global Economy

2011 ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Marchak
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Practices

Summary This paper presents the main approaches and issues of Anglo-canadian sociology of the last forty years, showing their limits and their theoretical inadequacies. It discusses the current practices of sociologists and asks the question: which social dimensions should be taken into account to strenghten sociological theory. It emphasizes the necessity to go beyond the framework of the social sciences to build a proper understanding of humanity and social activity.

scholarly journals Innovación en la formación del profesorado de educación física (Innovation in teacher training on physical education)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Francisco Carreiro da Costa ◽  
Miguel Angel González Valeiro ◽  
Martin Francisco González Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Effective Teachers ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
New Teacher ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Física, incorporando elementos de reflexión y propuestas para considerar tanto en los planes de estudio como a nivel de las materias que componen el mismo. Todo esto, desde el convencimiento de que las cuestiones más importantes en nuestro campo se decidirán en un marco político que prioriza las cuestiones económicas y sociales ante la investigación y las opiniones de los expertos. Se desarrollará de acuerdo a la siguiente estructura:(1) Justificaremos que los procesos de innovación y cambio están influenciados principalmente por el contexto social, económico y político (más que por los resultados obtenidos desde la investigación); (2) analizaremos la evolución de la formación docente, prestando especial atención a la «nueva formación del profesorado» (docentes informados, críticos y capaces de promover el cambio); (3) defenderemos la necesidad de concebir y realizar una formación del profesorado capaz de prepararlos para ser eficaces; (4) nos referiremos a los desafíos para una formación de calidad del profesorado de Educación Física, centrándose en aspectos tales como: ¿Qué papel deben jugar las características de las/los estudiantes que quieren acceder a los programas de formación inicial del profesorado de educación física (FIPEF) y como transformar las creencias de los futuros docentes? ¿Qué tipos de programas contribuyen a la formación de un profesional más cualificado? ¿Cómo definir e impartir la materia dentro de los programas de FIPEF?, y ¿Cuáles son las características de los FIPEF de calidad? y, (5) concluiremos haciendo algunas recomendaciones para la formación inicial del profesorado de educación física.Palabras clave. formación inicial del profesorado, profesorado de educación física, educación física, innovación educativa.Abstract. The aim of this paper is to analyse the Physical Education in Teacher Education (PETE) in introducing elements of reflection and proposals considering both the curriculum and the contents used in this curriculum. We will do this based on the conviction that the most important issues in our field will be decided on a policy framework that prioritizes social and economic issues grounded on research and expert opinions. This article has the following structure: (1) we will introduce the topics of the article emphasising that the processes of innovation and changes are mainly influenced by the social, economic and political context (rather than the results obtained from research); (2) we will analyse the evolution of teacher education, giving special attention to the «new teacher education» (informed, critical and able to promote change); (3) we will defend the need to conceive and perform a PETE able to prepare teachers to become effective teachers; (4) we will refer to the challenges for PETE, trying to answer the following relevant questions: What role should PETE candidates’ attributes play in the PETE curriculum and what is the relationship between effective PETE and student achievement in physical education? What programmatic structures or curricular frameworks are most promising for preparing effective teachers? How should we define and deliver subject matter within PETE? What pedagogical strategies within PETE promote effective teaching? And, (5) we will conclude making some recommendations to PETE.

Indios, Sambos, Mestizos, and the Social Construction of Racial Identity in Colonial Central America

Ethnohistory ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-290
Author(s):  
Samantha R. Billing
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Racial Origin ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Racially Mixed

Abstract The Miskitu, a group indigenous to the Caribbean Coast of Central America, have long been recognized for their racial diversity. In the mid-seventeenth century, a ship of African slaves wrecked on the Mosquito Coast and subsequently intermarried with the Miskitu population. Since then, there have been two groups of Miskitu: the “pure” indios and the racially mixed sambos. This article argues against this neat divide. Race during the colonial period was not fixed and could be influenced by a number of factors that included not only one’s ancestry but also their behavior. When Spanish writers assigned a racial category to the Miskitu, the context of the encounter often shaped perceived racial origin. When Miskitu-Spanish relations were hostile, Spaniards more often chose the racial label sambo. During times of peace, indio was more common, and mestizo was sometimes used to refer to Miskitu rulers. By focusing on the complexity and malleability of colonial racial rhetoric, this article argues that Spanish officials strategically selected racial labels for the Miskitu depending on the colonial policy they were trying to promote.

scholarly journals Illicit Motherhood: Recrafting Postcolonial Feminist Resistance in Edna O’Brien’s The Love Object and Jhumpa Lahiri’s Hell-Heaven

Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Dibyadyuti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Postcolonial Feminist

Cultural constructions of passive motherhood, especially within domestic spaces, gained currency in India and Ireland due to their shared colonial history, as well as the influence of anti-colonial masculinist nationalism on the social imaginary of these two nations. However, beginning from the latter half of the nineteenth century, postcolonial literary voices have not only challenged the traditional gendering of public and private spaces but also interrogated docile constructions of womanhood, particularly essentialized representations of maternity. Domestic spaces have been critical narrative motifs in these postcolonial texts through simultaneously embodying patriarchal domination but also as sites where feminist resistance can be actualized by “transgress(ing) traditional views of … the home, as a static immobile place of oppression”. This paper, through a comparative analysis of maternal characters in Edna O’Brien’s The Love Object and Jhumpa Lahiri’s Hell-Heaven, argues that socially disapproved/illicit relationships in these two representative postcolonial Irish and Indian narratives function as matricentric feminist tactics that subvert limiting notions of both domestic spaces and gendered liminal postcolonial subjectivities. I highlight that within the context of male-centered colonial and nationalist literature, the trope of maternity configures the domestic-space as the “rightful place” for the existence of the feminine entity. Thus, when postcolonial feminist fiction reverses this tradition through constructing the “home and the female-body” as sites of possible resistance, it is a counter against dual oppression: both colonialism and patriarchy. My intervention further underscores the need for sustained conversations between the literary output of India and Ireland, within Postcolonial Literary Studies, with a particular acknowledgement for space and gender as pivotal categories in the “cultural analysis of empire”.

scholarly journals Nancy Fraser: Revolutionary Empiricism?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Jorgen Sandemose
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Social Formation ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Nancy Fraser

<p>This article presents a criticism of Nancy Fraser’s influential essay “Behind Marx’s Hidden Abode. For an Expanded Conception of Capitalism”. After a short introduction determining Fraser’s theoretical stance amidst the critical waves around Karl Marx’s positions, her concept of “abodes”, thought to be hidden from Marx’s view of the capitalist order, is analyzed. Thereupon, certain limitations of her interpretation of the “economic” dimension in Marx’s work is pointed out, and also how they lead to misconceptions of the theory of the social formation as a whole. Furthermore, it is shown how Fraser is tempted to introduce ill-considered and alien elements into Marx’s view of the international economy (the world market), thereby rendering meaningless a Marxian concept of the political. Towards the end, the distinctively empiricist aura in which Fraser’s theory is presented is being criticized: It represents a rupture with any possible revolutionary theory.</p>

The Nobel Prize in Economics Turns 50

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Allen R. Sanderson ◽  
John J. Siegfried
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Political World ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historical Origins ◽  
Jel Classifications

The first Sveriges Riksbank Prizes in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel were awarded in 1969, 50 years ago. In this essay, we provide the historical origins of this sixth “Nobel” field, background information on the recipients, their nationalities, educational backgrounds, institutional affiliations, and collaborations with their esteemed colleagues. We describe the contributions of a sample of laureates to economics and the social and political world around them. We also address—and speculate—on both some of their could-have-been contemporaries who were not chosen, as well as directions the field of economics and its practitioners are possibly headed in the years ahead, and thus where future laureates may be found. JEL Classifications: A1, B3

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document