The Traditional House in the Oasis of Ghadames

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martin Evans

The large scale housing programme of the Libyan Government is changing the appearance of many of the towns of Libya. As part of this programme, the National Housing Corporation have recently adopted new standards for housing design, in order to ensure that the houses are better suited to the needs of the population in different parts of the country. During the investigations to develop new standards, the traditional housing in a number of regions of the country was studied, with a special emphasis on the way it relates to the climate and the way of life of the inhabitants. One of the most interesting traditional house forms was found in the oasis of Ghadames. My interest in the houses of Ghadames is not only in their history, their location in Libya or the climatic extremes to which they are subjected, but in the unusual form developed to provide protection from the climate, and the way that this form relates to the social patterns.Ghadames lies on the western border of Libya, close to the junction with the borders of Algeria and Tunisia. It is located about 400 km from the coast, and about 450 km from Tripoli. The journey from Tripoli can be made in a few hours by the regular internal flight or in a day by car or bus. After leaving the green coastal strip the road crosses the Jafara plain and climbs the escarpment at Nalut. From Nalut the road runs south across the steppe and desert, past the oases of Sinawn and Derj to Ghadames.

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Martindale

To our daughter Immena whom we give to God and to be clothed as a nun (sanctimonialis)… for the fear of God, and so that souls fighting for Christ can receive a remedy for their sins through our intermission …’. An aristocratic couple decide to give two of their children (a boy, as well as this girl) to the religious life, and their intention is recorded in a private charter. Lands which have been set aside for the economic support of Immena and her brother are listed at length; then the document concludes with the statement that the two donors, Count Rodulf and Aiga, his wife, ‘requested this concession to be made in the month of November in the tenth year of the reign of our most serene lord Louis, Emperor Augustus’ (that is, the Emperor Louis the Pious, AD 823). A girl is being given to God. Her entry into this new way of life is solemnized by a ceremony in which she will be dressed in clothes appropriate for her withdrawal from the ‘profane’ world: she will almost certainly be veiled in black or purple—although at this time that was a matter for debate in ecclesiastical legislation. The charter may also be interpreted as recording a ‘rite of passage’ which seems to signal Immena’s ‘aggregation’ into a new sacred community, and her separation from the social world of her kin.


Author(s):  
Sergei V. Lyovin ◽  

Zemstvo officials occupied a prominent place in the social life of Russia in the post-reform period. Many of them participated in the populist movement in the 1870s, but for various reasons they left it and devoted themselves entirely to the zemstvo service, the reby obtaining the opportunity to legally study the way of life, culture, labour activities of peasants and to defend their interests before the landlords, gubernia and uyezd administrations. N. F. Annensky was one of these devotees. The paper attempts to consider his activities as the head of the zemstvo statistical departments (bureaus) of the Kazan and Nizhny Novgorod gubernias. On the basis of the analysis of diverse archival and published sources the author came to the conclusion that while in the zemstvo service N. F. Annensky made a significant contribution to the development of Russian statistics creating new methods of statistical research by combining assessment and soil work. His experience was fruitfully used by statisticians from other gubernias. N. F. Annensky can rightfully be considered one of zemstvo statistical luminaries.


2020 ◽  
pp. 243-276
Author(s):  
Saúl Horacio Moreno Andrade

Las micro y pequeñas empresas que se fueron estableciendo a orilla de carretera en un municipio del estado mexicano de Veracruz, ubicado en la costa del golfo de México, pusieron las condiciones objetivas para la activación de reacciones sociales ante la construcción de una autopista que une a las ciudades de Xalapa y Puerto de Veracruz. Las reacciones sociales —negociación, resistencia y aceptación— se debieron, en parte, a la amenaza a las economías locales que implicaba la reducción del flujo vehicular, pero también al impacto a un modo de vida. Aquí explicamos la importancia de que las decisiones públicas consideren los intereses de los ciudadanos ante los proyecto globales. Abstract: The micro and small companies that were established at the edge of the road in a municipality of the Mexican state of Veracruz, located on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, set the objective conditions for the activation of social reactions to the construction of a highway that unites the cities of Xalapa and Puerto de Veracruz. The social reactions (negotiation, resistance and acceptance) were due, in part, to the threat to local economies that implied the reduction of vehicular flow, but also to the impact on a way of life. Here we explain the importance of public decisions considering the interests of citizens before global projects. Keywords: public decision, social reactions, local economies, small companies, highway construction


Author(s):  
Susan Visvanathan

This paper is concerned with the way energy requirements in the last three decades have seen a response from local communities who wish to express their love and longing for traditional occupations. Agriculture is a multi-faceted representation, and riverine civilisations have epitomised the relation between land, labour and production not just as a relation with technology and culture, but also in terms of the symbols of the sacred. With large scale over utilisation of resources and a lack of vision, the rivers are polluted. People’s movements draw on the work of scientists and those working in the Arts, including the Humanities and the Social Sciences to draw attention to the way in which petitions and protests communicate that politics is not merely about imposing ‘the good vision from above’ but is an interplay between the political, the legal, the socio-religious, the secular and the economic. In a democracy, politics is essentially about dialogue, and the rate of industrialisation may well be mediated by the power of the greens and environment movements, which have learnt their lessons from genocide of peasantry and tribals, and the mass exploitation of the resources of nature. The Sociologist attempts to document some of the shifts and evolving positions in this ongoing debate in India.


2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy A. Denton

Overwhelming feelings of resentment and revenge by individuals in emotionally wounded and traumatised communities inflicted by injustice, violence and oppressive systems, often become a way of life, and people seldom deal with forgiveness in their healing process. Too often, the story of traumatic experiences surfaces as an indication of societies struggling to achieve lasting peace. This article explored a process of spiritual healing and life fulfilment that relates to a forgiveness process which includes koinonia and diakonia as indispensable elements on the road to reconstructing communities and individuals following conflict and violence. The point of departure in this article was taken from scriptural and academic literature to provide a forgiveness process to contain revenge and violence without resorting to it, and to protect individuals, communities and the social order within larger systems in society. The imperative to forgive could raise a persistent attitude and a way of life to encourage communities’ and individuals’ resilience.Contribution: The article offers an avant-garde quest for a forgiveness process that includes koinonia and diakonia as indispensable elements on the road to reconstructing communities and individuals following conflict and violence.


2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Ribeiro Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Lúcia De Medeiros ◽  
Rômulo Wanderley De Lima Cabral ◽  
Maria das Neves Silva Anselmo ◽  
Márcia Cristina De Jesus Souza

Resumo: O estudo tem o objetivo de investigar as alterações ocorridas no modo de vida de mulheres portadoras de estoma intestinal definitivo e as repercussões na sexualidade. Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no Hospital Universitário de João Pessoa/PB, com dez mulheres estomizadas. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin para interpretação dos dados. Os resultados demonstraram que as mulheres enfrentaram, além das mudanças no trânsito intestinal, alterações no modo de vida, afetando a autoimagem e a sexualidade. Portanto, a reflexão sobre a condição de ser estomizada é um passo inicial na busca da sensibilização e redução do preconceito. Palavras-chave: sexualidade; estomia; percepção; mulheres.Sexuality of Patients with Intestinal Stoma Final: Perception of WomenAbstrat: The study has the aim to investigate the changes that happen in women´s life when they suffer definitive intestinal stomas and their implications in their sexuality. It´s about a research made in field, at the University´s Hospital of João Pessoa/PB, where ten women took place at this work. The data interpretation, was adopted the technique of analysis of contents of Bardin. The results have showed that women had to face, besides the change of intestinal traffic, change in the way of life, affecting their image and sexuality. So, acording to the importance of the point dicussed, the reflection and it´s effects, need extremely attention trying to reduce the prejudice.Keywords: Sexuality; ostomy; perception; women.La Sexualidad de los Pacientes con Estoma Intestinal Final: Percepción de las MujeresResumen: El estudio tiene el objetivo de investigar las alteraciones que se pasan en la vida de mujeres portadoras de estoma intestinal definitivo y las repercusiones en la sexualidad. Pesquisa descritiva con abordaje cualitativa, realizada en el Hospital Universitario de João Pessoa/PB, con diez mujeres estomizadas. Fue utilizado la técnica de análisis de contenido de Bardin para interpretación de datos. Los resultados demostraron que las mujeres enfrentaron, además del cambio en el tránsito intestinal, alteraciones en el modo de vida, afectando la autoimagen y la sexualidad. Por eso, la reflección sobre la condición de ser estomizada es un primer paso en la búsqueda de la sensibilizar y reducir el prejuicio.Palabras clave: sexualidad; estomía; percepción; mujeres.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Edinael Pinheiro Da Silva ◽  
Geovani Goncalves Farias ◽  
Odair José Aragão Alves

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar de que maneira as políticas públicas permeiam o cotidiano dos ribeirinhos da Comunidade Menino Deus, bem como, indicar a relação existente entre ela e o modo de vida desses sujeitos. Desse modo, verificamos que as políticas públicas aplicadas nessa Comunidade são desarticuladas uma das outras, onde os órgãos responsáveis, não planejam e nem formulam suas ações de forma conjunta, muito menos garantem a participação desses sujeitos nos processos de elaboração e decisões das políticas públicas. Portanto, a análise desse processo deu-se por meio de observações realizadas na referida Comunidade, onde foi possível apreender os reflexos de tais políticas no modo de vida. Utilizou-se de aplicação de questionários e entrevistas com os moradores de Menino Deus, bem como, alguns instrumentos de pesquisa como fotos do espaço estudado e, posteriormente, a análise dos dados que são apresentados no corpo deste trabalho, facilitando o entendimento e a interpretação dos resultados. Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas; Modo de Vida Ribeirinho; Comunidade.   THE PUBLIC POLITICIES AND THEIR REFLEXES IN THE WAY OF LIFE OF THE RIVERSIDE DWELLERS IN THE MENINO DEUS COMMUNITY IN PORTEL (PA) Abstract The aim of this work is to identify and analyze how these public politicies permeat the daily lives of the Riverside dwellers from the Menino Deus Community, as well as explain the relationship that exixts between it and the way of living of those people. Even though, we have noticed  that the public politicies that were applied in that Community are disjointed fron the others, where the responsible bodies don’t plan, nor formulate their actions jointly and much less guarantee the participation of those individuals in the process of elaborations and decisions of the public politicies. Therefore, the analysis of that process was through observations made in the referred Community, where it was possible to learn the reflexes of such politicies in their way of living. It was used the application of a questionnaire and interviews with Menino Deus’ residentes, as well as, some research tools as pictures of the studied space and subsequentlyr, the analysis of the data that are presented in the body of this work, facilitates the understanding and the interpretation of the results. Word-keys: Public Politicies; Riverside dwellers; Way of Life; Community.   LAS POLITICAS PUBLICAS Y SUS REPERCUSION EN EL MODO DE VIDA RIBEREÑOS EN LA COMUNIDAD MENINO DEUS EM PORTEL (PA) Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar de qué manera las políticas públicas permean lo cotidiano de los ribereños de la Comunidad Menino Deus, bien como indicar la relación existente entre ella y el modo de vida de los comunarios. De ese modo, se verifico que las políticas públicas aplicadas en esa comunidad son desarticuladas unas con las otras donde los órganos responsables no planean ni formulan sus acciones de forma conjunta y mucho menos garanten la participación de los comunarios en los procesos de elaboración y decisiones de las políticas públicas. Por tanto, el análisis de ese proceso se dio por medio de observaciones realizadas en la mencionada comunidad, donde fue posible aprender los reflejos de tales políticas en el modo de vida. Se utilizaron aplicaciones de entrevistas con los moradores de Menino Deus, así como algunos instrumentos de investigación como fotos del espacio estudiado, y posteriormente el análisis de los datos que son presentados en el cuerpo de este trabajo, facilitando el entendimiento y la interpretación de los resultados.  Palabras clave: Políticas Públicas, Modo de Vida Ribereño, Comunidad.


Author(s):  
Юрий Михайлович Артемьев ◽  
Лариса Васильевна Ляпаева ◽  
Светлана Владимировна Федяй

Статья посвящена исследованию поэм К. Иванова «Нарспи» и С. Есенина «Анна Снегина» с точки зрения особенностей национальной модели мира и человека. Своеобразие данных произведений видится в экзистенциальном ракурсе восприятия событий, но при этом каждый из героев выступает прежде всего как носитель своей национальной стихии. В поэмах в центре внимания - семья, деревенский уклад жизни со своими радостями и проблемами, где лад крестьянской жизни связан с национальными образами. Главными героинями являются молодые женщины - Нарспи, Анна, в судьбах которых высвечивается трагическое начало. Однако в поэме С. Есенина образы крестьян, лирического героя, Анны воспринимаются сквозь призму конкретно-исторических событий - революции, гражданской войны, в то время как мир поэмы К. Иванова дан вне конкретно-исторической реальности, что высвечивает мифологическую составляющую картины мира. Обе эти книги построены на хронотопе дороги, особое семантическое значение придается поэтике цвета, звука и света, архетипу круга. Поэму «Нарспи» отличает бинарная картина мира, оппозиция «сад - лес» является значимой. События в поэмах возводятся к классическому мифу об уходе и возвращении, а социальный мотив разрушения старого мира во имя нового рассматривается как мифологический. Сравнительно-сопоставительный аспект исследования позволил выявить общие черты и неповторимые особенности национального мировидения и миропонимания. The article is devoted to the study of the poems of K. Ivanov “Narspi” and S. Yesenin “Anna Snegina” from the point of view of the peculiarities of the national model of the world and man. The originality of the poems is seen in the existential perspective of the perception of events, but each of the characters acts primarily as a carrier of the national element. In the poems, the focus is on the family, the village way of life with holidays, joys and problems, where the harmony of peasant life is connected with national images. The main characters are young women: Narspi and Anna, whose fates are characterized by the tragic beginning. However, the images of peasants, the lyrical hero, Anna are perceived through the prism of specific historical events - the revolution, the civil war in the poem by S. Yesenin, while the world of the poem by K. Ivanov is given outside of concrete historical reality, which highlights the mythological component of the picture of the world. The poems are based on the chronotope of the road, with a special semantic meaning attached to the poetics of color, sound and light, the archetype of the circle. The poem “Narspi” is distinguished by a binary picture of the world, the opposition “garden-forest” is significant there. The events in the poems are raised to the classic myth of departure and return, and the social motive of destroying the old world in the name of the new is considered as mythological. The comparative aspect of the study allowed us to identify common and unique features of the national worldview and worldview.


Author(s):  
Ken Hirschkop

Linguistic Turns rewrites the intellectual and cultural history of early twentieth-century Europe. In chapters that range over the work of Saussure, Russell, Wittgenstein, Bakhtin, Benjamin, Cassirer, Shklovskii, the Russian Futurists, Ogden and Richards, Sorel, Gramsci, and others, it shows how European intellectuals came to invest ‘language’ with extraordinary force, at a time when the social and political order of the continent was in question. By examining linguistic turns in concert rather than in isolation, Hirschkop changes the way we see them—no longer simply as moves in individual disciplines, but as elements of a larger constellation, held together by common concerns and anxieties. In a series of detailed readings, he reveals how each linguistic turn invested ‘language as such’ with powers that could redeem not just individual disciplines but Europe itself. We see how, in the hands of different writers, language becomes a model of social and political order, a tool guaranteeing analytical precision, a vehicle of dynamic change, a storehouse of mythical collective energy, a template for civil society, and an image of justice itself. By detailing the force linguistic turns attribute to language, and the way in which they contrast ‘language as such’ with actual language, Hirschkop dissects the investments made in words and sentences and the visions behind them. The constellation of linguistic turns is explored as an intellectual event in its own right and as the pursuit of social theory by other means.


SUHUF ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Wesnina Wesnina

Traditional teaching has its impact on the creation of the art of traditional ornament of Minangkabau. That phenomenon is reflected in the effort and creation of the art designer to create traditional art motive which strictly hold to the way of life and the social and cultural system society. Traditional ornamental art of Minangkabau is a visual expression which consists of the teachings becoming the way of life of Minangkabau people in their daily life; traditional teachings and religious teachings. The philosophy of the Minangkabau tradition has its firm formation when Islam entered Minangkabau. It is reflected in the motto of the Minangkabau people in implementing their tradition and religion in their life. The motto,  adat basandi syara’, syara basandi kitabullah  (tradition is based the religious teachings and religious teachings are based on the Holy Book of God) is a concept which reflects that in its implementation, tradition will adjust its practice with the Islamic teachings.


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