Economic Growth and Change in China: A Twenty-Year Perspective

1973 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 211-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Growth And Change ◽  
The 1960S

Maoist ideology and policy imposed on the realities of China's economic backwardness and the scarcities resulting therefrom have produced a peculiar and sharply contrasting pattern of development during the past two decades. The differences in economic performance were so marked – characterized by rapid expansion in the 1950s and stagnation in the 1960s – that it almost seems as though one were dealing with economies in two entirely different settings, perhaps even in two different countries.

Recent Economic Trends in Sri Lanka

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hooley
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

While Sri Lanka is geographically closer to India, there are greater similarities in economic structure with many Southeast Asian countries. Sri Lanka is a small open economy. Foreign trade has always played a pivotal role in the functioning of the economy. Politically the country has exhibited a preference for democratic parliamentary forms of government, which are compatible with an underlying cultural individualism. There are important differences, however, in both the tempo and direction of economic growth over the past two decades, and these differences, along with the underlying policy strategies that produced them, are potentially instructive in any consideration of economic performance in the region.

Section II. Prospects for North America and Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Nigel Pain ◽  
Paul Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Equity Markets ◽  
The United States ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1960S

Economic growth remains robust in the United States. Output growth is projected to be around 4 per cent this year, for the third year in succession. IMF estimates suggest that the present expansion will become the longest on record if maintained until February of next year. Private sector demand is continuing to expand rapidly, underpinned by the sizable gains in equity markets over the past few years. Underlying price inflation has remained quiescent, helped by continued above-trend growth in productivity at a time when the unemployment rate has fallen to levels last seen in the 1960s. Even so, there are some emerging signs of overheating in the economy, with the current account deficit projected to rise to 4 per cent of GDP in the latter half of this year. Some favourable transitory factors which have helped contain inflationary pressures, such as the appreciation of the dollar and weak commodity prices, also now appear to have come to an end.

Growth and Institutional Change: The Influence of the Spanish Regionalisation Process on Economic Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rodríguez-Pose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between institutional change and economic growth has been attracting great attention in recent years. However, despite some notable exceptions, researchers have been wary to approach this topic empirically. This paper represents an empirical attempt to try to unravel the impact on economic performance of what has been one of the most significant processes of institutional change in Western Europe in the past few decades—the regionalisation process—by taking the case of Spain, one of the countries where the shift from a highly centralised to a decentralised structure has been most profound. Results show that, at least in the early stages, the emergence of the Spanish regional state has had slightly beneficial effects on the relative growth performance of regions achieving the greatest level of autonomy when compared with their growth rates in the high point of Spanish centralism. Nevertheless, it is still too early to assert whether this positive influence will be a long-lasting one or can be attributed mainly to the dynamics of institutional change and, thus, will wane with time.

Is U.S. Economic Growth Over?faltering innovation Confronts the Six headwinds

2013 ◽  
pp. 49-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Human History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The 1950S

This paper raises basic questions about the process of economic growth. It questions the assumption, nearly universal since Solow’s seminal contributions of the 1950s, that economic growth is a continuous process that will persist forever. There was virtually no growth before 1750, and thus there is no guarantee that growth will continue indefinitely. Rather, the paper suggests that the rapid progress made over the past 250 years could well turn out to be a unique episode in human history. The paper views the future from 2007 while pretending that the financial crisis did not happen.

India's Unfinished Journey Transforming Growth into Development

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEEPAK NAYYAR
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Better Than

This paper situates the economic performance of independent India in historical perspective to evaluate the past and reflect on the future. It shows that the turning point in economic growth was circa 1951 in the long twentieth century and circa 1980 in India since independence. Thus, it is not possible to attribute the turnaround in India's performance to economic liberalization beginning 1991. During the period 1950–1980, economic growth in India was respectable, for it was a radical departure from the past and no worse than the performance of most countries. During the period 1980–2005, economic growth in India was impressive, indeed much better than in most countries. The real failure in both these periods was India's inability to transform this growth into well-being for all its people. And India's unfinished journey in development cannot be complete as long as poverty, deprivation and exclusion persist. Even so, with correctives, it should be possible to reach the destination.

Age, Period and Cohort Differences Between the Homicide Trends of Canada and the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Rennó Santos ◽  
Yunmei Lu ◽  
Rachel E Fairchild
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract A robust literature has investigated homicide trends in the United States since 1950. The prevalence of homicide in the country almost doubled in the 1960s, remained high until the 1990s and then declined precipitously. Surprisingly, Canada displayed the same trend. We decompose the age, period and cohort effects on the homicide trends of the United States and Canada since 1950, exploring shared effects in light of these countries’ historical and policy differences over the past seven decades. Our study reveals remarkably similar trends and effects in Canada as those previously documented for the United States, despite diverging approaches to criminal justice and to the use of incarceration since the 1950s. We explore these findings and expand on their implications.

Addressing Inequality of Opportunity: Some Lessons from the OECD and Latin America

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lachler
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Inequality Of Opportunity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Investments In Education

Most OECD countries have seen income inequality increase over the past 25 years. The possibility that this may have been accompanied by rising inequality of opportunity triggers concerns about social justice and economic performance. This paper presents indirect evidence suggesting that the same factors causing overall income inequality to increase also are likely to have increased inequality of opportunity. Drawing on the experience of countries in the OECD and in Latin America, the paper concludes that greater fiscal progressivity and broad-based investments in education can be effective in reducing the inequality of opportunity without adverse effects on economic growth.

scholarly journals Attributes and Determinants of Female Criminality

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Dania Sinno
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Female Criminality ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
A Minor

In the past, gender was often disregarded by male researchers as a variable that needs to be considered in most domains of inquiry. Hence, women represented a minor concern in the writings on criminality prior to the 1950s and the 1960s. They were studied less, appeared less often as subjects of attention and thus remained, on the whole, marginal, secondary and almost invisible. Even when they were studied, they were portrayed in distorted ways.

scholarly journals On the Legacy of Translation Theories from the 1950s and 1960s: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Henry Sevilla-Morales ◽  
Lindsay Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S

Translation theories which bloomed in the 1950s and the 1960s have inspired numerous debates on multiple contexts of theory and praxis. With the increase of specialized journals and publishing houses of the past few decades, the professional literature has gone in so many directions –with supporters and opponents alike— that it is often hard to strike a balanced view of the contributions of these theories to current translation studies. In an attempt to fill this gap, this theoretical review article examines a corpus of scholarly publications which have taken place mainly between 2002 and 2018 about the translation theories proposed in the 1950s and 1960s. To such end, a body of works focusing on the seminal works of Vinay and Darbelnet (1958), Jakobson (1959), Nida (1964a), Catford (1965), and Nida and Taber (1969) are reviewed to infer their degree of applicability to current translation-based discussions and praxis. Findings suggest that the authors exerting the greatest influence on contemporary discussions of translation studies seem to be Vinay and Darbelnet, followed by Nida and Taber, and then by Jakobson and Catford. They also indicate that the degree to which the translation theories under question are obsolete (or not) is hard to determine with accuracy. It remains unclear whether the bulk of publications which these theoreticians inspire is the product of acceptance or rejection of the assumptions contained in their postulates. 

scholarly journals Financial Repression , Financial Development and Structure of Savings in Pakistan

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashfaque H. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
Financial Repression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Domestic Resource

The mobilization of domestic resources is one of the key determinants of sustained economic growth. Improving domestic resource mobilization involves raising the level of national savings to enable a higher level of investment, hence a faster rate of economic growth. Pakistan's saving performance and its overall economic performance appear to be incongruous. Over the past several years, Pakistan has maintained an economic growth of more than 6 percent which is laudable, but her performance with regard to savings has been poor. In fact, saving as a fraction of the Gross National Product (GNP) is one of the lowest among the developing countries. The current saving rate of about 14 percent of GNP fares badly with 23 percent for other low-income developing countries. 1 What are the reasons for such a poor performance of savings in Pakistan? This paper attempts to provide some explanations for the causes of low savings in Pakistan.

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