Combined TEM/SEI of polymer membranes

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
L. C. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Shape Distribution ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Potential Applications

Structure-property relationships are important in the process optimization and fundamental understanding of many polymeric materials, including membranes. Polymer membranes are currently being used for separation, concentration or purification in a wide range of industrial process applications. The process used to manufacture the membrane, and the polymer type, determines the morphology, which influences the membrane transport properties and potential applications. The morphology includes: pore size, shape, distribution and their overall three dimensional arrangement. Microscopical methods are needed to image the structures formed by the various processes, in order to systematically study changes in variables for specific applications.

scholarly journals Vapochromism of Organic Crystals Based on Macrocyclic Compounds and Inclusion Complexes

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Ono ◽  
Yoshio Hisaeda
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Organic Crystals ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Molecular Inclusion ◽  
Macrocyclic Molecules

Vapochromic materials, which change color and luminescence when exposed to specific vapors and gases, have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their potential applications in a wide range of fields such as chemical sensors and environmental monitors. Although the mechanism of vapochromism is still unclear, several studies have elucidated it from the viewpoint of crystal engineering. In this mini-review, we investigate recent advances in the vapochromism of organic crystals. Among them, macrocyclic molecules and inclusion complexes, which have apparent host–guest interactions with analyte molecules (specific vapors and gases), are described. When the host compound is properly designed, its cavity size and symmetry change in response to guest molecules, influencing the optical properties by changing the molecular inclusion and recognition abilities. This information highlights the importance of structure–property relationships resulting from the molecular recognition at the solid–vapor interface.

scholarly journals The spirobichroman-based polyimides with different side groups: from structure–property relationships to chain packing and gas transport performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 5086-5095
Author(s):  
Shuli Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Tong ◽  
Chunbo Wang ◽  
Xiaocui Han ◽  
Sizhuo Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dihedral Angle ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Chain Packing ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Gas Separation Performance

Effect of substituents on the dihedral angle and chain packing plays a critical role in the enhancement in the gas separation performance of polymer membranes.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: An Overview, Potential Applications, Advancements, and Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhinakaran Veeman ◽  
M. Swapna Sai ◽  
P. Sureshkumar ◽  
T. Jagadeesha ◽  
L. Natrayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

As a technique of producing fabric engineering scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printing has tremendous possibilities. 3D printing applications are restricted to a wide range of biomaterials in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Due to their biocompatibility, bioactiveness, and biodegradability, biopolymers such as collagen, alginate, silk fibroin, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, and starch are used in a variety of fields, including the food, biomedical, regeneration, agriculture, packaging, and pharmaceutical industries. The benefits of producing 3D-printed scaffolds are many, including the capacity to produce complicated geometries, porosity, and multicell coculture and to take growth factors into account. In particular, the additional production of biopolymers offers new options to produce 3D structures and materials with specialised patterns and properties. In the realm of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), important progress has been accomplished; now, several state-of-the-art techniques are used to produce porous scaffolds for organ or tissue regeneration to be suited for tissue technology. Natural biopolymeric materials are often better suited for designing and manufacturing healing equipment than temporary implants and tissue regeneration materials owing to its appropriate properties and biocompatibility. The review focuses on the additive manufacturing of biopolymers with significant changes, advancements, trends, and developments in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering with potential applications.

THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AT ORGANIC–2D MATERIAL HETEROINTERFACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140003
Author(s):  
YU LI HUANG ◽  
ANDREW THYE SHEN WEE
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Electronic Structures ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
2D Material ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Interfacial Charge

Organic–2D material heterostructures have attracted intensive research interest due to their intriguing properties, with a wide range of potential applications in multifunctional flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices. Central to the realization of such devices is a fundamental understanding of the electronic structures at organic–2D material heterointerfaces. The energy level alignment (ELA) at the interface is of paramount importance because it determines the charge transfer barriers between the two materials in contact. In this paper, we discuss the physical mechanisms determining the ELAs, with special attention on interfacial charge transfer at the heterostructures. We review the current understanding of electronic properties at the heterointerfaces formed by the integration of organics with graphene and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and conclude with a perspective on the future development of organic–2D material heterostructure.

scholarly journals Barbituric Acid Based Fluorogens: Synthesis, Aggregation-Induced Emission, and Protein Fibril Detection

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyang Ding ◽  
Bicheng Yao ◽  
Louis Schobben ◽  
Yuning Hong
Keyword(s):  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Protein Fibril

Fluorescent dyes, especially those emitting in the long wavelength region, are excellent candidates in the area of bioassay and bioimaging. In this work, we report a series of simple organic fluorescent dyes consisting of electron-donating aniline groups and electron-withdrawing barbituric acid groups. These dyes are very easy to construct while emitting strongly in the red region in their solid state. The photophysical properties of these dyes, such as solvatochromism and aggregation-induced emission, are systematically characterized. Afterward, the structure–property relationships of these barbituric acid based fluorogens are discussed. Finally, we demonstrate their potential applications for protein amyloid fibril detection.

scholarly journals Biomimicry in Bio-Manufacturing: Developments in Melt Electrospinning Writing Technology Towards Hybrid Biomanufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdows Afghah ◽  
Caner Dikyol ◽  
Mine Altunbek ◽  
Bahattin Koc
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Melt Electrospinning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Homogeneous Cell

Melt electrospinning writing has been emerged as a promising technique in the field of tissue engineering, with the capability of fabricating controllable and highly ordered complex three-dimensional geometries from a wide range of polymers. This three-dimensional (3D) printing method can be used to fabricate scaffolds biomimicking extracellular matrix of replaced tissue with the required mechanical properties. However, controlled and homogeneous cell attachment on melt electrospun fibers is a challenge. The combination of melt electrospinning writing with other tissue engineering approaches, called hybrid biomanufacturing, has introduced new perspectives and increased its potential applications in tissue engineering. In this review, principles and key parameters, challenges, and opportunities of melt electrospinning writing, and particularly, recent approaches and materials in this field are introduced. Subsequently, hybrid biomanufacturing strategies are presented for improved biological and mechanical properties of the manufactured porous structures. An overview of the possible hybrid setups and applications, future perspective of hybrid processes, guidelines, and opportunities in different areas of tissue/organ engineering are also highlighted.

Fabrication of Periodic Arrays of Nanoscale Square Helices

2002 ◽  
Vol 728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. Jensen ◽  
Scott R. Kennedy ◽  
Michael J. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Third Dimension

AbstractWe demonstrate fabrication of periodic arrays of nanometre scale square helices, with potential applications in three-dimensional photonic bandgap (PBG) materials. Processing is performed using a thin film deposition method known as Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD). Through advanced substrate motion, this technique allows for controlled growth of square helices in a variety of inorganic materials. Organization of the helices into periodic twodimensional geometries is achieved by prepatterning the substrate surface using electron beam lithography. The regular turns of the helices yield periodicity in the third dimension, perpendicular to the substrate. We present studies of tetragonal and trigonal arrays of silicon helices, with lattice constants as low as 300 nm. By deliberately adding or leaving out seeds in the substrate pattern, we have succeeded in engineering line defects. Our periodic nanoscale structure closely matches an ideal photonic band gap architecture, as recently proposed by Toader and John. While our fabrication technique is simpler than most suggested PBG schemes, it is highly versatile. A wide range of materials can be used for GLAD, manipulation of lattice constant and helix pitch ensures optical tunability, and the GLAD films are robust to micromachining.

In situ characterization of Cu–Co oxides for catalytic application

2015 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Y. Tian ◽  
H. Vieker ◽  
P. Mountapmbeme Kouotou ◽  
A. Beyer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Potential Applications

In situ emission and absorption FTIR methods were employed to characterize the spatially resolved structure of binary Co–Cu oxides for low-temperature oxidation of CO and propene. Co–Cu oxide catalysts were controllably synthesized by pulsed-spray evaporation chemical vapor deposition. XRD, FTIR, XPS, UV-vis and helium ion microscopy (HIM) were employed to characterize the as-prepared thin films in terms of structure, composition, optical and thermal properties as well as morphology. In situ emission FTIR spectroscopy indicates that Co3O4, CuCo2O4 and CuO are thermally stable at 650, 655 and 450 °C, respectively. The catalytic tests with absorption FTIR display that the involvement of Co–Cu oxides can initiate CO and C3H6 oxidation at lower temperatures. The results indicate that in situ emission and absorption FTIR are useful techniques to explore the thermal properties and catalytic performance of functional materials, allowing many potential applications in tailoring their temporally and spatially resolved structure-property relationships.

X-ray microtomographic imaging and analysis for basic research

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Dunsmuir ◽  
S. Bennett ◽  
L. Fareria ◽  
A. Mingino ◽  
M. Sansone
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Essential Components

For research facilities with access to synchrotron X-ray sources, X-ray absorption microtomography (XMT) has evolved from an experimental imaging method to a specialized, if not yet routine, microscopy for imaging the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of linear attenuation coefficients and, in some cases, elemental concentration with micron spatial resolution. Recent advances in source and detector design have produced conventional X-ray source instruments with comparable spatial resolution but with lower throughput and without element specific imaging. Both classes of instrument produce 3D images for analysis. We discuss an integrated approach for the implementation of analytical XMT to support basic research into the structure-property relationships of a variety of materials. The essential components include instrumentation for collecting quantitative 3D images, a 3D image processing environment to address questions as to the quantity, composition, geometry, and relationships among the features in one or more images, and visualization to provide insight and communicate results. We give examples of image analysis of resolved and unresolved pore spaces of sandstones.

Prospects of Emerging Engineered oxide nanomaterials and their Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Gangwar ◽  
Bipin Kumar Gupta ◽  
Avanish Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Vanadium Oxides ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Oxide Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Potential Applications

<p>This review article mainly focused on the recent progress on the synthesis and characterization of emerging artificially engineered nanostructures of oxide materials as well as their potential applications. A fundamental understanding about the state-of-the-art of the synthesis for different size, shape and morphology, which can be tuned to the desired properties of oxide nanomaterials have discussed in details in this review. The present review covers the a wide range of artificially engineered oxide nanomaterials such as cadmium-, cupric-, nickel-, magnesium-, zinc-, titanium-, tin-, aluminium-, and vanadium-oxides and their useful applications in sensors, optical displays, nanofluids and defence.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document