Ultrastructural Evaluation of Bone, Parathyroid and Ultimobranchial Glands in Lizards with Nutritional Osteodystrophy

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 442-443
Author(s):  
M. P. Anderson ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secretory Cycle ◽  
Chief Cells ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Green Iguanas ◽  
Experimental Group

Lizards in captivity are commonly afflicted with an osteodystrophy related to dietary imbalances in calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. Young green iguanas (Iguana iguana) were fed beef heart based diets either low (0.2%) in calcium (experimental group) or adequate (2.7%) in calcium (control group). Both diets were unsupplemented with vitamin D and contained 1.1% P, 82% protein and 14% fat on a dry weight basis. Beginning with the sixth month iguanas of the experimental group developed progressive hypocalcemia (8.0 to 3.2 mg/100 ml plasma) resulting in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Progressive osteoporosis, detected radiographically,with osteomalacia was apparent from the seventh month until termination of the experiment at 9 months.Parathyroid chief cells of iguanas in the experimental group were primarily in the active stage of the secretory cycle. Lamellar and circular aggregations of rough endoplasmic reticulum were extensive and Golgi apparatuses were prominent (Fig. 1). Mitochondria often were displaced peripherally in chief cells by the large arrays of endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation for Femtosecond LASIK–Associated Dry Eye

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lin ◽  
Huanjun Su ◽  
Jianbin Wu ◽  
Muzhi Yuan ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Schirmer I Test

Abstract Purpose: To assess the effect of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in dry eye after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).Setting: Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital.Design: This prospective study included 90 patients selected between January and December in 2019, who underwent fs-lasik operation in our hospital and had obvious symptoms indicating dry eyes one month after operation. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 45) received vitamin D3 2000 IU / D continuously for 12 weeks; the control group (n = 45) did not take vitamin D3 orally. Ocular surface disease index（OSDI）, tear breakup time（TBUT）and Schirmer’s Test I were evaluated pre-medication and 1,3,6 months after treatment. Serum vitamin D level, and the mean concentration of cytokine IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 in tears were also measured. Results: One month after treatment, the mean OSDI score of the experimental group (11.67 ± 8.53) was significantly lower than that of the control group (23.82 ± 13.22) (P = 0.007). TBUT (10.71±1.02s) and Schirmer I (9.36±0.40mm) of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (7.49±1.29 s and 7.51±0.44 mm). The OSDI (10.25 ± 5.49), TBUT (10.75±1.09 seconds) and Schirmer I test value (11.34±0.39 mm) of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (20.22±6.23, 8.36±1.23， 8.12±0.50) at 3 months after treatment. There were significant differences in OSDI, TBUT (P ＜ 0.05) and Schirmer I test value between the two groups at 6 months after treatment. Serum vitamin D3 level was negatively correlated with OSDI score (r=-0.90；P=0.00), and positively correlated with Schirmer I test (r=0.88；P=0.00), TBUT score (r=0.89；P=0.00) and TMH (r=0.80；P=0.00). IL-17 level was shown to be significantly correlated with TBUT (r=-0.25, P=0.014) and Schirmer I test (r=-0.21, P=0.018). IL-6 level was significantly correlated with OSDI (R=0.18, P = 0.020) and TBUT (R=0.20, P = 0.019).

scholarly journals Bone metabolism biomarkers in walking children with cerebral palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Kenis ◽  
Svetlana L. Bogdanova ◽  
Tatyana N. Prokopenko ◽  
Andrei V. Sapogovskiy ◽  
Tatyana I. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Orthopedic Patients

Backgrоund. Osteoporosis is an important factor in the pathogenesis of orthopedic manifestations in children with cerebral palsy. It was previously demonstrated that children with cerebral palsy have specific changes in bone metabolism, which can cause changes in laboratory parameters compared with other orthopedic patients without neurological backgrounds. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess bone metabolism biomarkers in children with cerebral palsy, identifying distinguishing characteristic patterns in comparison with patients with orthopedic pathology without neurological backgrounds. Materials and methods. This study evaluated the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, -cross laps, osteocalcin, vitamin D, CICP, and alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of 50 children with cerebral palsy aged between 6 to 12 years with GMFCS levels IIII. The control group consisted of 50 patients with plano-valgus deformities of the feet. Results. The alkaline phosphatase activity in the group of children with cerebral palsy was 170.25 59.35 u/L, while in the control group it was 145.58 46.29 u/L; the CICP concentration in the study group was higher than in the control group (324.01 174.10 and 269.68 240.98, respectively). The concentration of -cross laps, osteocalcin, calcium, and vitamin D in the study group was lower than in children with flat feet. Conclusions. This study demonstrated multidirectional changes in the biomarkers of bone metabolism that are characteristic of walking children with cerebral palsy. These changes are characterized by a corresponding increase in the activity of osteoresorption and osteoreparation. This makes it possible to justify the combined use of metabolites and metabolic activators (calcium and vitamin D) and drugs that suppress osteoresorption (bisphosphonates) for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Plasma Calcium Levels in Pregnant Asian Women

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Polanska ◽  
R. A. Dale ◽  
M. R. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endogenous Synthesis

Plasma calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin were measured during pregnancy in a group of Asian women living in the south of England and in a control group. The Asian women had slightly lower mean plasma calcium concentrations than the control group. Exposure of Asian women to sunshine appeared to be low, and it was inferred that they probably had little endogenous synthesis of cholecalciferol as a result. Both Asian and control subjects ingested similarly low amounts of vitamin D. The Asian women consumed greater amounts of phytate and vegetable fibres than the controls, and it is suggested that these substances may reduce absorption of insoluble lipids (including cholecalciferol) and calcium in a setting where the dietary intake and endogenous synthesis of vitamin D are already borderline for the subjects' requirements.

scholarly journals PARATHYROID HORMONE AND BIOCHEMICAL METABOLIC BONE MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR IN MISAN PROVINCE / IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Noor AL-Huda Salah AL-ZUHAIRY ◽  
Zainab Abdul Jabbar Ridha AL-ALI
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Serum Pth

Beta-thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of hereditary blood disorders characterized by defects in the synthesis of the β- chains of hemoglobin, resulting in variable phenotypes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic individuals. This study aims to assess the serum PTH, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and magnesium levels in β-thalassemia major patients. A total of 50 (30 male and 20 female) patients with β- thalassemia major with ages range 11- 16 years and an equal number of sex-matched healthy adolescents as a control group were included in this study. A total of 52% of patients were lived in an urban area, and there was no significant difference between patients and the control group regarding residency. Male patients showed low statistically significant (P 0.05) mean serum PTH, vitamin D, and calcium levels, but mean serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly higher (P 0.05) as compared to the male control group. However, female patients had low, but without statistical significant (P>0.05) mean serum PTH level, whereas vitamin D and calcium levels were highly significant (P 0.05) reduced. The phosphorus and ALP levels were highly significantly (P 0.05) increased as compared to female controls. Regarding β- thalassemia major group, the current study showed male patients had non-significant (P 0.05) higher levels of PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and ALP. In contrast, vitamin D level was non-significantly (P 0.05) low in male patients as compared to female patients. Mean serum level of PTH had a negative correlation with phosphorus, but it had a positive association with vitamin D, calcium, ALP, and magnesium. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that β-thalassemia major patients have a markedly deranged biochemical metabolic bone profile. Regular monitoring of PTH and biochemical mineral profile is also recommended.

scholarly journals Effects of clinoptilolite addition to colostrum on the concentration of serum proteins, minerals, enzyme activities in neonatal calves

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2290-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Marc Zarcula ◽  
Călin Mircu ◽  
Gheorghe Bonc ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Gabriel Otavă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Neonatal Calves ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of our research was to determine the effects of colostrum supplementation with clinoptilolite on concentrations of serum proteins, minerals and enzyme activities in newborn calves. Twenty newborn calves that were divided into control group (n=10) which received colostrum and experimental group (n=10) that received colostrum with 0.5% clinoptilolite added in the first three colostrum meals were studied. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein in vacutainer tubes from all calves prior to colostrum intake and after that, at 24 and 48 h after birth. Samples were analyzed for total protein, albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, ß-globulin, γ-globulin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, gamma glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Clinoptilolite supplementation had significant effect (p<0.0006) on serum iron concentrations in experimental (27.64±3.78 µmol/l) vs control group (8.93±1.26 µmol/l) after 48h. GGT values were also significantly higher (p<0.04) in E (163.60±26.67 U/l) than in C group (84.01±19.77 U/l) at 48h after parturition. Other parameters analyzed were unaffected by clinoptilolite treatment. Obtained data revealed that colostrum supplemented with clinoptilolite had positive effects on some mineral parameters.

scholarly journals Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052093463
Author(s):  
Esma Şengenç ◽  
Ertuğrul Kıykım ◽  
Sema Saltik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Methods We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in 1529 patients with ASD aged 3 to 18 years, without any additional chronic diseases. Levels of 25-OHD were compared according to sex, age (<11 or ≥11 years), and birth season. Additionally, laboratory parameters (calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-OHD) of 100 selected patients with ASD were compared with those of the healthy control group. Results Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was found in approximately 95% of all patients. Levels of 25-OHD in adolescent patients with ASD aged 11 to 18 years were significantly lower than those in patients aged younger than 11 years. In the 100 selected patients with ASD, mean serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower and alkaline phosphatase levels were higher compared with those in healthy children. Conclusion Our study suggests a relationship between vitamin D and ASD in children. Monitoring vitamin D levels is crucial in autistic children, especially adolescents, to take protective measures and treat this condition early.

Effect of Sunlight - UV Rays on the Vitamin D Status of Girls (18 to 22 years)

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Annu Francis ◽  
R. Balasasirekha
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group

The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of sunlight on vitamin D and calcium status among the college girls, aged 18 – 22 years. One hundred and fifty girls were selected out of which 45 with vitamin D deficiency were considered for experiment. The participants were divided into three groups of 15 each: Experimental I - curd supplementation, exposure to sunlight and nutrition education; Experimental II - exposure to sunlight and nutrition education and Control group with no intervention. Anthropometric measurements, blood haemoglobin, serum vitamin D and calcium were analysed before and after supplementation for 50 days. In the experimental group I, there was a mean increase of 3.22 ng/ml of vitamin D and was significant at 1% level and in the experimental group II the increase was 1.03 ng/ml (significant at 5% level). There was a mean difference of 1.57 ng/ml in the control group which was not significant. The mean initial calcium level in the experimental group I was 9.33 mg/dl and the final value is 9.67 mg/dl and the increase was significant at 1% level. The experimental group II had a mean initial calcium level of 9.36 mg/dl and the mean final value of 9.56 ml g/dl. The mean difference of 0.05 mg/dl was noted in serum calcium before and after supplementation in the control group. The experimental group I showed a positive correlation of 0.035 between vitamin D and sunlight whereas in experimental group II and control group there was a negative correlation of 0.045 and 0.072 respectively. It can be concluded that sunlight had an effect on vitamin D status and the calcium level of the participants further highlighting that sunlight exposure is an effective method of improving the vitamin D status.

C-reactive protein and parathyroid hormone in acute severe psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S185-S186
Author(s):  
S. Arya ◽  
H. Ahmadkhaniha ◽  
K. Alavi ◽  
B. Arya ◽  
Z. Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Introductionand objectives Schizophrenia accompanies with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D deficiency. However, there are scarce documentations regarding bipolar disorder and methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder.AimTo compare serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus and CRP levels in psychotic disorder patients and control group.MethodsA case-control study was conducted on four groups: acute phase of schizophrenia, acute manic episode of bipolar disorder, methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder and healthy control subjects. Sample size was 45 in each group. Weekly duration of sun exposure, monthly vitamin D intake and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, PTH and CRP were assessed. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to evaluate psychotic symptoms.ResultsDuration of sun exposure and monthly vitamin D intake were comparable among groups. Serum levels of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus were not statistically different between groups (P = 0.463, P = 0.086 and P = 0.339, respectively). Serum levels of PTH were significantly higher in control group (P < 0.001). CRP levels were significantly lower in control subjects (P < 0.001). The levels of serum vitamin D and CRP did not show statistically significant difference among three groups of patients.ConclusionAcute psychotic disorders seem to be associated with higher CRP and lower PTH levels. Clinical importance of the findings and relation of these differences to the metabolic and inflammatory bases of psychosis are not clear yet.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Metabolism Alteration in Acromegaly and Its Impact on Calcium-Phosphorus Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A651-A652
Author(s):  
Alexandra Povaliaeva ◽  
Liudmila Rozhinskaya ◽  
ScD, Artem Zhukov ◽  
Ekaterina A Pigarova ◽  
ScD, Larisa K Dzeranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Abstract Objective: to evaluate metabolism of vitamin D and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with an active phase of acromegaly in comparison with healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: The study included 44 patients with an active acromegaly (IGF-1 788 [521; 963] ng/mL), as well as 49 conditionally healthy individuals. There were more men in the Acromegaly group (41% vs. 20%, p &lt;0.05), patients were older (median age 42.7 [35.5; 26.5] vs. 26.3 [25; 33.5] years, p &lt;0.05) and had a higher BMI (28.4 [25.2; 30.2] vs. 22.2 [20.1; 26.1] kg/m2, p &lt;0.05) in a minor way compared with the control group. All participants were tested for vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 1,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3) by UPLC-MS/MS, free 25(OH)D and vitamin D-binding protein by ELISA, PTH by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, as well as routine biochemical parameters of blood serum (calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, albumin, magnesium) and urine (calcium and phosphorus-creatinine ratio in spot urine). Results: In the Acromegaly group, we observed significantly higher levels of serum total calcium (2.46 [2.37; 2.56] vs. 2.38 [2.33; 2.45] mmol/L, p &lt;0.05), albumin-corrected calcium (2.33 [2.28; 2.42] vs. 2.26 [2.21; 2.31] mmol/L, p &lt;0.05) and phosphorus (1.39 [1.25; 1.55] vs. 1.15 [1.06; 1.23] mmol/L, p &lt;0.05) as well as lower levels of serum albumin (45 [44; 47] vs. 46 [45; 48] g/L, p &lt;0.05). The rest of the studied biochemical parameters and PTH levels did not differ significantly between the groups. The IGF-1 level in patients with acromegaly positively correlated with the level of total calcium (r = 0.49, p &lt;0.05), albumin-corrected calcium (r = 0.49, p &lt;0.05) and phosphorus (r = 0.55, p &lt;0.05). The Acromegaly group showed lower levels of 25(OH)D3 (14.8 [11.8; 20.5] vs. 20.5 [14.8; 24.6] ng/mL, p &lt;0.05), 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (1.0 [0.7; 1.4] vs. 1.4 [0.9; 1.8] ng/mL, p &lt;0.05), 24,25(OH)2D3 (0.8 [0.4; 1.2] vs. 1.7 [0.9; 2.6] ng/ml, p &lt;0.05) and free 25(OH)D (4.6 [3.7; 5.6] vs. 5.9 [4.0; 7.5] pg/mL, p &lt;0.05), higher levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 (50 [42; 63] vs. 39 [34; 45] pg/mL, p &lt;0.05), a lower 25(OH)D3/1,25(OH)2D3 ratio (289 [226; 443] vs. 517 [340; 641], p &lt;0.05) and a higher 25(OH)D3/24,25(OH)2D3 ratio (19.3 [15.4; 27.7] vs. 11.9 [9.6; 15.2], p &lt;0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggest that high levels of the active vitamin D metabolite (1,25(OH)2D3) resulting from an increase in 1α-hydroxylase activity may contribute to the elevation of calcium and phosphorus serum levels in patients with acromegaly. Our results also indicate a decrease in 24-hydroxylase activity in patients with acromegaly, which may be due to lower levels of 25(OH)D3 in these patients. The results obtained should be evaluated taking into account the observed differences in age, gender and BMI between groups.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status, bone mineral density and body mass index in patients with newly diagnosed postmenopausal osteoporosis and healthy menopausal women

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
D 12

This study aims to assess vitamin D levels in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and healthy women going through menopause. Two groups of menopausal women took part in the study – 41 women with osteoporosis and 22 without osteoporosis. The levels of vitamin D, parathormone, alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus were examined during the autumn-winter period. Calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were established within the reference range in both groups. A negative correlation with increase of parathormone levels among the patients with osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency was found (r = -0.46, p<0.01). 16 women with osteoporosis (39%) were with normal levels of vitamin D, 14 (34,1%) were with insufficiency and 11 (26,9%) with deficiency. Within the control group, 8 women (36,4%) were with normal levels of vitamin D, 12 (54,5%) were with insufficiency and 2 (9,1%) with deficiency.

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