scholarly journals Effect of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on indices of vitamin A status, haemoglobin and physical growth levels of pre-school children in Chongqing

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1462-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Ping Qu ◽  
You-Xue Liu ◽  
Ting-Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on improving vitamin A deficiency (VAD), anaemia and physical growth of pre-school children.DesignA randomised double-masked population-based field interventional trial with a positive control group.SettingBanan district of Chongqing, China.SubjectsA total of 580 pre-school children aged 3–6 years were randomly recruited into four groups. Children in groups I and II were given biscuits fortified with vitamin A at 30 % of the recommended daily intake (RDA) and 100 % of the RDA once a day for 9 and 3 months, respectively. Children in group III received biscuits containing 20 000 IU of vitamin A once a week for 3 months. Initially, the children in group IV received a 200 000 IU vitamin A capsule just once. At the beginning and end of the study, blood samples were collected to measure Hb, serum retinol, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin, and weight and height were measured.ResultsAll the fortification types significantly decreased the prevalence of VAD and anaemia in each group (P < 0·05). The effect of 9-month intervention on group I was the most efficient (P < 0·0045). After intervention, the Z-scores of height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height in all groups increased markedly compared with baseline (P < 0·05), but no significant difference was observed among the groups.ConclusionsData indicated that consuming vitamin A-fortified biscuits with daily 100 % RDA for 3 months has the same effect on the improvement of VAD, anaemia and physical growth as did the weekly 20 000 IU and single 200 000 IU administration in pre-school children.

scholarly journals Clinical benefits of vitamin A supplementation in infants and children with severe pneumonia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Prisca T. ◽  
J. S. Lisal ◽  
Azis Tanra ◽  
Dasril Daud
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Benefits

Background About 190 million preschool children living indeveloping countries are at risk of vitamin A deficiency. VitaminA deficiency and acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) are publichealth problems in developing countries. Children with vitaminA deficiency are more susceptible to measles, respiratory tractinfection, and other infections. Some studies show that vitaminA supplements may reduce the severity of respiratory tractinfection and other systemic complications of measles, anddiarrhea.Objective To evaluate the effect of vitamin A supplementation ininfants and children with severe pneumonia.Methods The study was a randomized trial on children with severepneumonia. Participants were randomly assigned to either receivevitamin A in addition to standard treatment (Group A), orstandard treatment alone (Group C). Time to achieve the normalrespiratory rate, time to achieve disappearance of subcostalretractions and fine rales were compared between the 2 groups.Result There was no significant difference in the achievement ofnormal respiratory rate between the vitamin group and the controlgroup (3.08 days vs 3.29 days). There was also no significantdifference in the disappearance of subcostal retractions amongthe two groups (2.30 days vs 2.48 days). However, there wassignificant difference in the disappearance of fine rales betweenthe two groups. The disappearance of fine rales in the vitamin Agroup occurred earlier (mean 3.72 days) than in the control group(mean 4.04 days) (P<0.01).Conclusions This study indicates that no significant difference inthe achievement of normal respiratory rate and disappearance ofsubcostal retractions between the vitamin A group as comparedto the control group, but there was a significant difference in thedisappearance of fine rales between two groups.

scholarly journals Effect of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on indices of vitamin A status, haemoglobin and physical growth levels of pre-school children in Chongqing – Corrigendum

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Ping Qu ◽  
You-Xue Liu ◽  
Ting-Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Different Doses

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF YOGA PRACTICE ON LEARNING BEHAVIOUR AND ASSERTIVENESS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN TAMILNADU

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 636-642
Author(s):  
V YOGANANDHAN ◽  
◽  
Dr. M RAJAVELU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Learning Behaviour ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the present study was to find out the effect of yoga practice on learning behaviour and assertiveness among school children of Tamilnadu. For this purpose, ninety male adolescents studying in socially backward region of Tamilnadu, with the age group of 15 to 17 years who were studying in Nandanar Boys Higher Secondary School, Chidambaram (Cuddalore District), Government Boys Higher Secondary School, Vallalapatty, Madurai (Madurai District) and Government Boys Higher Secondary School, Thiruvannamalai (Thiruvannamalai District), were chosen as subjects. They were divided into two equal groups, each group consisted of forty-five subjects, in which experimental group - I underwent yoga practice and experimental group - II acted as control that did not participate in any special activities apart from their regular curricular activities. The training period for the study was five days (Monday to Friday) a week for twelve weeks. Prior to and after the experimental period, the subjects were tested on learning behaviour and assertiveness. Learning behavior was surveyed by the Jegadheesh Srivastava learning behaviour Questionnaire and Assertiveness was surveyed by Rathu’s Assertiveness inventory. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to find out any significant difference between the experimental groups and control group on selected criterion variables. The result of the study shows that the yoga practice group was significantly improved the learning behaviour and assertiveness when compared with the control group.

scholarly journals Effect of single-dose albendazole and vitamin A supplementation on the iron status of pre-school children in Sichuan, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Chen ◽  
Hu Mina Xie ◽  
Weizheng Tian ◽  
Xiaoling Zheng ◽  
Alice C. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the effect of single-dose albendazole and vitamin A intervention on the anaemic status and Fe metabolism of pre-school children. This study was a randomised, placebo-controlled and double-blinded intervention trial. All eligible anaemic pre-school children were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 received no intervention, which served as the control group, group 2 received 400 mg single-dose albendazole administration and group 3 received a 60000 μg vitamin A capsule combined with 400 mg single-dose albendazole at the beginning of the study. The follow-up period was for 6 months. Anthropometry and biochemical index about Fe metabolism were measured before and after intervention. A total of 209 pre-school anaemic children were randomly divided into three intervention groups (sixty-four, sixty-two and sixty for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively). The mean age of the children in the study was 4·4 (sd 0·7) years and 50·5 % of the children were female (94/186). After a follow-up period of 6 months, the levels of serum retinol, ferritin, transferrin receptor-ferritin index and body total Fe content of children in group 3 were significantly higher compared with children in groups 1 and 2 (P<0·05). Moreover, the proportion of vitamin A deficiency, marginal vitamin A deficiency and Fe deficiency among children in group 3 were markedly lower compared with children in groups 1 and 2 (P<0·05). Albendazole plus vitamin A administration showed more efficacy on the improvement of serum retinol and Fe metabolic status.

scholarly journals Re-Defining the Population-Specific Cut-Off Mark for Vitamin A Deficiency in Pre-School Children of Malawi

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Blessings H. Likoswe ◽  
Edward J. M. Joy ◽  
Fanny Sandalinas ◽  
Suzanne Filteau ◽  
Kenneth Maleta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Health Organization

Retinol Binding Protein (RBP) is responsible for the transport of serum retinol (SR) to target tissue in the body. Since RBP is relatively easy and cheap to measure, it is widely used in national Micronutrient Surveys (MNS) as a proxy for SR to determine vitamin A status. By regressing RBP concentration against SR concentration measured in a subset of the survey population, one can define a population-specific threshold concentration of RBP that indicates vitamin A deficiency (VAD). However, the relationship between RBP and SR concentrations is affected by various factors including inflammation. This study, therefore, aimed to re-define the population-specific cut-off for VAD by examining the influence of inflammation on RBP and SR, among pre-school children (PSC) from the 2015–16 Malawi MNS. The initial association between RBP and SR concentrations was poor, and this remained the case despite applying various methods to correct for inflammation. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the threshold of 0.7 µmol/L to define VAD for SR concentrations. Applying this threshold to the RBP concentrations gave a VAD prevalence of 24%, which reduced to 10% after inflammation adjustments following methods developed by the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA). Further research is required to identify why SR and RBP were poorly associated in this population. Future MNS will need to account for the effect of inflammation on RBP to measure the prevalence of VAD in Malawi.

scholarly journals Stability of Vitamin A in Nigerian Retailed Biscuits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Florence Uchendu ◽  
Oyediran Oyewole
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fortified Flour

Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem affecting poor populations in developing countries. Biscuits baked with Nigerian vitamin A fortified flour (30 IU/g) have been consumed by pre-school children. This study aims at determining vitamin A content and stability in retailed biscuits at point of consumption. Pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect biscuit consumption pattern of pre-school children (n=1600). Out of 18 brands of biscuits reported, eight cartons of 8 commonly consumed brands were purchased from major markets in Lagos. Vitamin A (retinol) stability was determined by storing biscuit samples for 30 days. Pre- and post-storage retinol analyses were carried out using high performance liquid chromatography. Vitamin A stability was calculated as percentage of initial vitamin A biscuit values. Crunchiness and packaging of biscuit samples were also assessed. Data were analysed using descriptive and T-test at p&lt;0.05. At pre-storage level, 62.5 % and 37.5 % samples had vitamin A and zero contents respectively. At post-storage, 25% had vitamin A content while 75% had zero content. Pre- and post-storage vitamin A content of samples was 5.2&plusmn;4.9 IU/g and 1.9&plusmn;1.8 IU/g. Mean vitamin A stability and loss in retailed biscuits at 2 months was 16.8% and 83.2% respectively. A significant difference was found in vitamin A content and stability of biscuits at pre- and post-storage levels. Biscuits lost crunchiness at post-storage level. Vitamin A content of retailed biscuit samples was below 30 IU/g resulting in very low stability. Use of fortified quality raw materials and compliance are essential.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION ON ZINC DEFICIENCY, VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN MOUNTAINOUS HIGH SCHOOL IN THANH HOA PROVINCE IN 2019 - 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luu Kim Le Hang ◽  
Tran Thuy Nga ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lan Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Xuan Hiep
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

A community intervention study with a placebo group, double-blind, evaluating the effect of using multi-micronutrient tablets on zinc deficiency, vitamin A deficiency among adolescent girls in mountainous high school in Thanh Hoa province in 2019 - 2020, using WHO and IZiNCG classifications. A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted among 322 school girls randomly divided into 2 groups. The multi-micronutrient supplements consist of 23 vitamins and minerals, including zinc (10.8 mg), vitamin A (550mcg), while the placebo group took a placebo tablet, once a week for 9 months. All of the children were dewormed by Albendazole 400 mg at baseline. Results showed that after 9 months of intervention, the mean serum zinc concentration of the intervention group (11.35 ± 2.88 µmol/l) was significantly improved and significantly higher than that of the Control group (10.51 ± 2.08 µmol/l) with p<0.05. The retinol concentration did not show significant difference between the two groups, but there was a significant improvement compared to the baseline time the intervention group with an increase level of 0.07 ± 0.30 mol. /l. After the intervention, the rate of zinc deficiency, sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency was not statistically significant between the two groups.

scholarly journals Development and Field Evaluation of Near-Isogenic Lines of GR2-EBRRI dhan29 Golden Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha S. Biswas ◽  
B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy ◽  
Md. Abdul Kader ◽  
Md. Alamgir Hossain ◽  
Raul Boncodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Golden Rice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

Vitamin A deficiency remains a common public health problem among the rice-dependent poor people in the developing countries of Asia. Conventional milled rice does not contain provitamin A (β-carotene) in is edible part (endosperm) and is also deficient in essential minerals, such as iron and zinc. Transgenic Golden Rice event GR2E, which produces β-carotene in its endosperm, was used as a parent to introgress the transgene locus conferring β-carotene biosynthesis into a widely grown rice variety, BRRI dhan29, which covers around 26.1% of the irrigated rice area (4.901 Mha) of Bangladesh in the dry season. The current study reports the introgression process and field performance of GR2E BRRI dhan29 Golden Rice. The background recovery of GR2E BRRI dhan29 lines at BC5F2 generation was more than 98% with a 6K SNP-chip set. The transgenic GR2E BRRI dhan29 yielded 6.2 t/ha to 7.7 t/ha with an average of 7.0 ± 0.38 t/ha, while the non-transgenic BRRI dhan29 yielded 7.0 t/ha under confined field conditions in Bangladesh. Moreover, no significant difference between GR2-E BRRI dhan29 Golden Rice and non-transgenic BRRI dhan29 in any measured trait was observed in the multi-location trials conducted at five locations across the country. Furthermore, the appearance of cooked and uncooked rice was similar to that of BRRI dhan29 except for the yellow color indicating the presence of carotenoids. Total carotenoid content in the selected introgression lines ranged from 8.5 to 12.5 μg/g with an average of 10.6 ± 1.16 μg/g. This amount is sufficient to deliver approximately 66 and 80% of the recommended daily intake of vitamin A for children and women, respectively, assuming complete substitution of white rice in the diet with Golden Rice. However, the lead selected line(s) need further evaluation at open field conditions before deciding for commercial cultivation. A large-scale feeding trial among the malnourished community with this newly developed GR2-E BRRI dhan29 Golden Rice is also required to validate its efficacy in alleviating vitamin A deficiency.

Retinol, α-Tocopherol and Vitamin D3 in White MuscleDisease

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6029-2018
Author(s):  
HANDAN MERT ◽  
SERKAN YİLDİRİM ◽  
IBRAHİM HAKKİ YORUK ◽  
KİVANC IRAK ◽  
BAHAT COMBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Muscle Disease ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins are essential for the health of all living organisms. Vitamins E, A, D and K are known as fat-soluble vitamins, and deprivation of vitamin E causes various disorders, especially in the reproduction and cardiovascular systems and in muscle functions. Vitamin A, on the other hand, has roles in various biological functions – like eyesight – and the growth, reproduction and differentiation of epithelial cells. Vitamin A deficiency leads to the keratinization of the epithelium, and disorders related to the metaplasies of the genital and genitourinary systems. Conversely, vitamin D is defined as a pro-hormone and is responsible for Cahomeostasis, and thus indirectly affects the bone metabolism, bone structure, and cellular and neural functions of Ca. White muscle disease (WMD) can occur in newborn lambs, but is more commonly seen in lambs of up to 3 months of age. In this study, 30 lambs of 3 to 50-days-old from different flocks diagnosed with White Muscle Disease (WMD) were selected as research material, while the control group consisted of 8 healthy lambs. With the aim of clarifying the cause of WMD, serum fat-soluble vitamins, retinol, α-tocopherol and vitamin D3 levels were determined in 16 lambs. Gluteal and heart musclet issue samples also were taken from 30 lambs with WMD. The vitamin levels of the samples were analysed by HPLC. The levels of serum α-tocopherol, retinols, and vitamin D3 were foundto be low in the diseased animals, but only retinol (p<0.001) and α-tocopherol (p<0.0011) level differences were statistically relevant. Macroscopically, Zenker’s necrosis was determined in the heart muscles of 17 lambs, and in the gluteal and chest muscles of 6 lambs. 7 lambs displayed necrosis in both their heart and in gluteal muscles. The samples were analyzed microscopically to reach similar findings: swollen homogeneous pink muscles, pycnotic nuclei, and hyperaemic and haemorrhagic blood vessels in gluteal, chest and heart muscles. Hyaline degeneration and Zenker's necrosis, dystrophic regions in necrotic areas, cc was detected as a severe disease in lambs at an early stage of life with advanced degeneration in different muscle tissues. Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins was also detected in the sick animals. Control group lambs had higher levels of α tocopherol and retinol (p<0.001) compared to the sick lambs. .

scholarly journals Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2604
Author(s):  
Jin-Young Park ◽  
Kyung-A Ko ◽  
Ji-Yeong Lee ◽  
Jae-Woon Oh ◽  
Hyun-Chang Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
And Control

Background: Mangosteen and propolis extracts (MAEC) have been potential therapeutic agents known to exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of MAEC as well as safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) on gingivitis and incipient periodontitis. Methods: This study was performed on 104 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or incipient periodontitis. At baseline, the participants were randomly allocated to either the test group, with daily intake of a single capsule containing 194 mg of MAEC for eight weeks, or control group, with placebo. Clinical periodontal evaluation and immunological parameters from saliva and gingival sulcular fluid were assessed at baseline, four, and eight weeks. Individual PROMs were assessed by OHIP-14 questionnaires. Results: There was a significant difference of modified gingival index at four and eight weeks between the test and control groups. In the test group, crevicular interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced, and the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was increased after eight weeks. PROMs were improved up to four weeks compared to placebo. Conclusion: Oral administration of MAEC would have a potential to reduce gingival inflammation clinically and immunologically in the patients with gingivitis and incipient periodontitis.

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