scholarly journals Dietary patterns and their association with obesity and sociodemographic factors in a national sample of Lebanese adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1570-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Naja ◽  
Lara Nasreddine ◽  
Leila Itani ◽  
Marie Claire Chamieh ◽  
Nada Adra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and characterize dietary patterns in Lebanon and assess their association with sociodemographic factors, BMI and waist circumference (WC).DesignA cross-sectional population-based survey. In a face-to-face interview, participants completed a brief sociodemographic and semiquantitative FFQ. In addition, anthropometric measurements were obtained following standard techniques. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess determinants of the various patterns and their association with BMI and WC.SettingNational Nutrition and Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Survey (2009), Lebanon.SubjectsA nationally representative sample of 2048 Lebanese adults aged 20–55 years.ResultsFour dietary patterns were identified: ‘Western’, ‘Traditional Lebanese’, ‘Prudent’ and ‘Fish and alcohol’. Factor scores of the identified patterns increased with age, except for the Western pattern in which a negative association was noted. Women had higher scores for the prudent pattern. Adults with higher levels of education had significantly higher scores for the prudent pattern. The frequency of breakfast consumption was significantly associated with scores of both traditional Lebanese and prudent patterns. Multivariate-adjusted analysis revealed a positive association between scores of the Western pattern and the BMI and WC of study participants.ConclusionsThe findings show the presence of four distinct dietary patterns in the Lebanese population, which were associated with age, sex, education and meal pattern. Only the Western pattern was associated with higher BMI.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption in Barbados: evidence from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Harris ◽  
Angela M. C. Rose ◽  
Suzanne Soares-Wynter ◽  
Nigel Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Our objective was to describe, for the first time in an English-speaking Caribbean country, the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to nutrients linked to non-communicable disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, dietary data were collected from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Recorded food items were then classified according to their degree of processing by the NOVA system. The present study took place in Barbados (2012–13). A representative population-based sample of 364 adult Barbadians (161 males and 203 females) aged 25–64 years participated in the study. UPFs represented 40⋅5 % (838 kcal/d; 95 % CI 791, 885) of mean energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages made the largest contribution to energy within the UPF category. Younger persons (25–44 years) consumed a significantly higher proportion of calories from UPF (NOVA group 4) compared with older persons (45–64 years). The mean energy shares of UPF ranged from 22⋅0 to 58⋅9 % for those in the lowest tertile to highest tertile. Within each tertile, the energy contribution was significantly higher in the younger age group (25–44 years) compared with the older (45–64 years). One-quarter of persons consume ≥50 % of their daily calories from UPF, this being significantly higher in younger persons. The ultra-processed diet fraction contained about six times the mean of free sugars and about 0⋅8 times the dietary fibre of the non-ultra-processed fraction (NOVA groups 1–3). Targeted interventions to decrease the consumption of UPF especially in younger persons is thus of high priority to improve the diet quality of Barbadians.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-647
Author(s):  
SARA GUL ◽  
ATIF HUSSAIN ◽  
KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽  
IMRANULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Grieger ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Lynne Cobiac
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of self-reported ischaemic heart disease and/or stroke: a cross-sectional nationally representative community-based study of adults in Malawi in 2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e048167
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and/or stroke among adults in Malawi.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SettingNationally representative sample of general adult population in Malawi.ParticipantsThe sample included 4187 persons aged 18–69 years (32 years of median age) that participated in the ‘2017 Malawi STEPwise Approach to Non-Communicable Disease Risk-Factor Surveillance survey.’Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-reported history of IHD and/or stroke, along with biological, behavioural, psychosocial stress and sociodemographic covariates. Multivariable logistic regression calculated OR with 95% CI for IHD and/or stroke.ResultsThe prevalence of IHD and/or stroke was 6.5%, 4.4% among men and 8.4% among women. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, older age (50–69 years) (adjusted OR (AOR) 3.49, 95% CI 1.75 to 6.94), female sex (AOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.01), Chewa speaking (AOR 4.62, 95% CI 1.32 to 16.22), English speaking (AOR 5.63, 95% CI 1.43 to 22.19), suicidal ideation, plan and/or attempt (AOR 1.87, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.13) and sedentary behaviour (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.59) were associated with IHD and/or stroke. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, non-paid or unemployed, urban residence, overweight, obesity and having hypertension were associated with IHD and/or stroke.ConclusionsAlmost 1 in 10 women and 1 in 20 men aged 18–69 years had IHD and/or stroke in Malawi. Several risk and protective factors were found that can be targeted in population health interventions.

scholarly journals Association of dietary patterns with BMI and waist circumference in a low-income neighbourhood in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Barbosa Cunha ◽  
Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Rosangela Alves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cross Sectional

Traditional analysis of food intake usually fails to show an association between energy and nutrient intake and indicators of obesity. The analysis of food patterns can contribute to the understanding of the association between eating habits and anthropometric indicators. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out on a low-income neighbourhood in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, and 1009 subjects between 20 and 65 years of age completed an FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis, and their associations with BMI and waist circumference (WC) were ascertained by applying a linear regression analysis. Three main dietary patterns were identified: a mixed pattern, which included cereals, fish and shrimp, vegetables, roots, fruits, eggs, meat and caffeinated beverages; a Western pattern, which consisted of ‘fast foods’, soft drinks, juices, cakes, cookies, milk and dairy, sweets and snacks; a traditional pattern, which included rice, beans, bread, sugar, fats and salad dressings. After adjusting for age and energy intake, we found that the traditional dietary pattern was inversely associated with BMI (β = − 1·14, P < 0·001) and WC (β = − 14·9, P = 0·002) among females. Additionally, a positive association between the Western pattern and WC (β = 12·8, P = 0·02) was observed for females. A diet based on rice and beans may have a protective role against weight gain in women.

scholarly journals Association between dietary patterns and overweight risk among Malaysian adults: evidence from nationally representative surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Shyam ◽  
Geok-Lin Khor ◽  
Rashidah Ambak ◽  
Balkish Mahadir ◽  
Mohamad Hasnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association between dietary patterns (DP) and overweight risk in the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Surveys (MANS) of 2003 and 2014.Design:DP were derived from the MANS FFQ using principal component analysis. The cross-sectional association of the derived DP with prevalence of overweight was analysed.Setting:Malaysia.Participants:Nationally representative sample of Malaysian adults from MANS (2003, n 6928; 2014, n 3000).Results:Three major DP were identified for both years. These were ‘Traditional’ (fish, eggs, local cakes), ‘Western’ (fast foods, meat, carbonated beverages) and ‘Mixed’ (ready-to-eat cereals, bread, vegetables). A fourth DP was generated in 2003, ‘Flatbread & Beverages’ (flatbread, creamer, malted beverages), and 2014, ‘Noodles & Meat’ (noodles, meat, eggs). These DP accounted for 25·6 and 26·6 % of DP variations in 2003 and 2014, respectively. For both years, Traditional DP was significantly associated with rural households, lower income, men and Malay ethnicity, while Western DP was associated with younger age and higher income. Mixed DP was positively associated with women and higher income. None of the DP showed positive association with overweight risk, except for reduced adjusted odds of overweight with adherence to Traditional DP in 2003.Conclusions:Overweight could not be attributed to adherence to a single dietary pattern among Malaysian adults. This may be due to the constantly morphing dietary landscape in Malaysia, especially in urban areas, given the ease of availability and relative affordability of multi-ethnic and international foods. Timely surveys are recommended to monitor implications of these changes.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and their association with sociodemographic factors in Lithuanian adult population

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Kriaučionienė ◽  
Janina Petkevičienė ◽  
Jūratė Klumbienė
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Major Factors

The aim of the study was to determine the association between dietary patterns and sociodemographic factors using the data of Lithuanian health behavior monitoring. Material and methods. In 1998–2004, four cross-sectional surveys were carried out within the FINBALT HEALTH MONITOR project. For every survey, a random sample of 3000 Lithuanians aged 20–64 years was taken from the National Population Register by mailed questionnaires. The response rates varied from 61.7% to 74.4%. Factor analysis was employed in order to reduce the number of food items. Four main factors were defined: “light food,” “sweets,” “heavy food,” and “cereals” factors. The associations between dietary patterns and sociodemographic factors were examined by applying a logistic regression analysis. Results. Four major factors accounted for 45.9% of the total variance in food intake in men and 46.5% in women. The “sweets” factor was inversely associated with age both in men and women. A strong positive association was found between age and the “cereals” factor. Men and women with a higher level of education were more likely to follow “light food” and “sweets” pattern and less likely “heavy food” if compared with people with a lower level of education. The odds of consuming “light food” were higher in cities than in rural areas. Married men and women were more likely to follow “heavy food” pattern compared to unmarried. Conclusion. This study identified four main dietary patterns in Lithuanian population. Dietary patterns of people with a higher level of education and inhabitants of cities are closer to the recommendations on healthy nutrition.

scholarly journals Standard obesogenic diet: the impact on oral health in children and teenagers at the Recôncavo Baiano - Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Luce Alves da Silva ◽  
Roberto Paulo Correia de Araújo ◽  
Felipe Fagundes Soares ◽  
Rosemeire Leovigildo Fiaccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of dietary patterns on the occurrence of dental caries. Using a population-based, cross-sectional study design, we assessed a sample of 1.439 children aged 6-13 years who were enrolled in public schools in the municipality of São Francisco do Conde, Bahia state, Brazil. Oral examinations for dental caries were performed by two dental surgeons (Kappa = 0.72) in the school environment under natural light with the aid of a wooden spatula and gauze. Dietary intake was assessed using the qualitative-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A questionnaire on the demographic and socioeconomic conditions was applied to the families. The Poisson multivariate analysis was performed for statistical purposes. Considering both dentitions, the prevalence of caries was 82.14% and 37.3% in the permanent and deciduous dentitions, respectively. The identified dietary patterns were classified into “standard obesogenic" and "prudent." The results showed statistically significant association between the obesogenic dietary pattern and dental caries; the proportion of students with dental caries was 1.4 times higher among those who most frequently consumed foods that constitute a standard obesogenic diet (PR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.04-1.96) compared to those who less frequently consumed these types of foods. A positive association between the obesogenic dietary pattern and dental caries was found in the students investigated. Therefore, the promotion of healthy eating habits and nutritional habits should be encouraged to prevent dental caries in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and non-communicable disease risk in Indian adults: secondary analysis of Indian Migration Study data

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1963-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward JM Joy ◽  
Rosemary Green ◽  
Sutapa Agrawal ◽  
Lukasz Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Liza Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Food System ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migration Study ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

AbstractObjectiveUndernutrition and non-communicable disease (NCD) are important public health issues in India, yet their relationship with dietary patterns is poorly understood. The current study identified distinct dietary patterns and their association with micronutrient undernutrition (Ca, Fe, Zn) and NCD risk factors (underweight, obesity, waist:hip ratio, hypertension, total:HDL cholesterol, diabetes).DesignData were from the cross-sectional Indian Migration Study, including semi-quantitative FFQ. Distinct dietary patterns were identified using finite mixture modelling; associations with NCD risk factors were assessed using mixed-effects logistic regression models.SettingIndia.SubjectsMigrant factory workers, their rural-dwelling siblings and urban non-migrants. Participants (7067 adults) resided mainly in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh.ResultsFive distinct, regionally distributed, dietary patterns were identified, with rice-based patterns in the south and wheat-based patterns in the north-west. A rice-based pattern characterised by low energy consumption and dietary diversity (‘Rice & low diversity’) was consumed predominantly by adults with little formal education in rural settings, while a rice-based pattern with high fruit consumption (‘Rice & fruit’) was consumed by more educated adults in urban settings. Dietary patterns met WHO macronutrient recommendations, but some had low micronutrient contents. Dietary pattern membership was associated with several NCD risk factors.ConclusionsFive distinct dietary patterns were identified, supporting sub-national assessments of the implications of dietary patterns for various health, food system or environment outcomes.

scholarly journals A Western dietary pattern is associated with overweight and obesity in a national sample of Lebanese adolescents (13–19 years): a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1909-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Naja ◽  
Nahla Hwalla ◽  
Leila Itani ◽  
Sabine Karam ◽  
Abla Mehio Sibai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractAdolescent obesity is associated with both immediate and longer-term health implications. This study aims to identify dietary patterns among a nationally representative sample of Lebanese adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years (n 446) and to assess the association of these patterns with overweight and obesity. Through face-to-face interviews, socio-demographic, lifestyle and anthropometric variables were collected. Dietary intake was assessed using a sixty-one-item FFQ. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. The following two dietary patterns were identified: Western and traditional Lebanese. The Western pattern was characterised by high consumption of red meat, eggs and fast-food sandwiches. The traditional Lebanese pattern reflected high intakes of fruits and vegetables, legumes and fish. Female sex and a higher maternal education level were associated with a greater adherence to the traditional Lebanese pattern. As for the Western pattern, the scores were negatively associated with crowding index, physical activity and frequency of breakfast consumption. After adjustment, subjects belonging to the 3rd tertile of the Western pattern scores had significantly higher odds of overweight compared with those belonging to the 1st tertile (OR 2·3; 95 % CI 1·12, 4·73). In conclusion, two distinct dietary patterns were identified among adolescents in Lebanon: the traditional Lebanese and the Western, with the latter pattern being associated with an increased risk of overweight. The findings of this study may be used to guide the development of evidence-based preventive nutrition interventions to curb the obesity epidemic in this age group.

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