scholarly journals The effectiveness of dietary workplace interventions: a systematic review of systematic reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 942-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Désirée Schliemann ◽  
Jayne V Woodside
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Workplace Setting ◽  
Dietary Behaviour Change

AbstractObjectiveTo summarise findings of systematic reviews that distinctively report dietary intervention components and their effects on diet-, health- and economic-related outcomes in the workplace setting.DesignMEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched in December 2014 and the search was updated in August 2017.ResultsThe search identified 1137 titles, of which nineteen systematic reviews from the initial search and two systematic reviews from the updated search met the inclusion criteria (twenty-one systematic reviews, published in twenty-two papers). Most systematic reviews were of moderate quality and focused on dietary behaviour change outcomes and some health-related biomarkers. Evidence was strongest for interventions to increase fruit and vegetable intake, reduce fat intake, aid weight loss and reduce cholesterol. Few reported workplace-related and evaluation outcomes.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that workplace dietary interventions can positively influence diet and health outcomes. Suggestions for effective interventions components have been made.

scholarly journals Mediators and moderators of nutrition intervention effects in remote Indigenous Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Brimblecombe ◽  
Megan Ferguson ◽  
Federica Barzi ◽  
Clare Brown ◽  
Kylie Ball
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe conducted a longitudinal dietary intervention study to assess the impact of a store-based intervention on mediators and moderators and consequent dietary behaviour in Indigenous communities in remote Australia. We assessed dietary intake of fruit, vegetable, water and sweetened soft drink, mediators and moderators among 148, eighty-five and seventy-three adult participants (92 % women) at baseline (T1), end of intervention (T2) and at 24 weeks post intervention (T3), respectively. Mediators included perceived affordability and self-efficacy. Moderators were barriers to eat more fruit and vegetables and food security. Mixed-effects models were used to determine changes in mediators and moderators with time and associations between these and each dietary outcome. Perceived vegetable affordability increased from T1 (19 %; 95 % CI 11, 27) to T2 (38 %; 95 % CI 25, 51) (P=0·004) and returned to baseline levels at T3. High self-efficacy to eat more fruit and vegetables and to drink less soft drink decreased from T1 to T3. A reduction in soft drink intake of 27 % (95 % CI −44, −4; P=0·02) was reported at T3 compared with T1; no changes with time were observed for all other outcome measures. Regardless of time, vegetable intake was positively associated with self-efficacy to cook and try new vegetables, no barriers and food security. The dietary intervention went someway to improving perceived affordability of vegetables but was probably not strong enough to overcome other mediators and moderators constraining behaviour change. Meaningful dietary improvement in this context will be difficult to achieve without addressing underlying constraints to behaviour change.

scholarly journals The Promotion of Eating Behaviour Change through Digital Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7488
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Federico J. A. Perez-Cueto ◽  
Agnès Giboreau ◽  
Ioannis Mavridis ◽  
Heather Hartwell
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Personal Digital Assistants ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Dietary Behaviour Change

Diet-related chronic disease is a global health epidemic giving rise to a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. With the rise of the digital revolution, there has been increased interest in using digital technology for eating behavioural change as a mean of diet-related chronic disease prevention. However, evidence on digital dietary behaviour change is relatively scarce. To address this problem, this review considers the digital interventions currently being used in dietary behaviour change studies. A literature search was conducted in databases like PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Medline, and PsycInfo. Among 119 articles screened, 15 were selected for the study as they met all the inclusion criteria according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) search strategy. Four primary digital intervention methods were noted: use of personal digital assistants, use of the internet as an educational tool, use of video games and use of mobile phone applications. The efficiency of all the interventions increased when coupled with tailored feedback and counselling. It was established that the scalable and sustainable properties of digital interventions have the potential to bring about adequate changes in the eating behaviour of individuals. Further research should concentrate on the appropriate personalisation of the interventions, according to the requirements of the individuals, and proper integration of behaviour change techniques to motivate long-term adherence.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary intervention, with or without co-interventions, on inflammatory markers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 765-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana J Reddy ◽  
Elena S George ◽  
Stuart K Roberts ◽  
Audrey C Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with inflammation acting as a key driver in its pathogenesis and progression. Diet has the potential to mediate the release of inflammatory markers; however, little is known about the effects of various diets. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary interventions on cytokines and adipokines in patients with NAFLD. Data Sources The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched for clinical trials investigating dietary interventions, with or without supplementation, on cytokines and adipokines in NAFLD patients. Data Extraction Basic characteristics of populations, dietary intervention protocol, cytokines, and adipokines were extracted for each study. Quality of evidence was assessed using the American Dietetic Association criteria. Data Analysis Nineteen studies with a total of 874 participants were included. The most frequently reported inflammatory outcomes were C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), adiponectin, and leptin. Hypocaloric, isocaloric, or low-fat diets significantly (P < 0.05) lowered levels of CRP, TNF-α, and adiponectin. The addition of nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation to dietary interventions appeared to elicit additional benefits for all of the most frequently reported inflammatory markers. Conclusions Hypo- or isocaloric diets alone, or with co-interventions that included a nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation, appear to improve the inflammatory profile in patients with NAFLD. Thus, anti-inflammatory diets may have the potential to improve underlying chronic inflammation that underpins the pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD. In the absence of any known liver-sensitive markers, the use of cytokines and adipokines as a surrogate marker of liver disease should be further investigated in well-controlled trials.

Dietary patterns associated with obesity outcomes in adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-49
Author(s):  
Canaan Negash Seifu ◽  
Paul Patrick Fahey ◽  
Tewodros Getachew Hailemariam ◽  
Steven A Frost ◽  
Evan Atlantis
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objective: The aim of this umbrella review was to summarize the evidence from existing systematic reviews on the association between different dietary patterns and overweight or obesity outcomes in adults. Design: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science for systematic reviews reporting on dietary patterns and weight gain or overweight/obesity outcomes. Result: We identified 16 systematic reviews with 143 unique studies published between 2001 and 2019. Overall quality scores ranged from four to 10. Six reviews in 2/11 cohort and 6/19 cross-sectional studies reported (statistically significant) decreased odds ratios (ORs) for obesity (range: 0.53 to 0.73 and 0.35 to 0.88, respectively) associated with the Mediterranean diet. Five reviews in 5/15 cohort and 10/45 cross-sectional studies reported an inverse association between diet quality and weight gain or body mass index (β range: -1.3 to -0.09). Two reviews in 1/3 cohort and 1/2 cross-sectional studies reported a decreased risk of obesity (OR=0.76) and weight gain (OR=0.26), respectively, with fruit and vegetable intake. Five reviews of mixed dietary patterns in 3/40 cross-sectional studies reported an increased prevalence of obesity (OR=1.19) or abdominal obesity (OR range: 1.07 to 1.27) with the Korean diet pattern. Conclusions: Our umbrella review confirms the hypothesis that Mediterranean-type dietary patterns reduce the risk of obesity in adults. Although population-specific evidence of effective interventions is needed, characteristics of Mediterranean-type dietary patterns are important considerations for national obesity prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Technology-Supported Self-Guided Nutrition and Physical Activity Interventions for Adults With Cancer: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Kiss ◽  
Brenton James Baguley ◽  
Kylie Ball ◽  
Robin M Daly ◽  
Steve F Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity

BACKGROUND Nutrition and physical activity interventions are important components of cancer care. With an increasing demand for services, there is a need to consider flexible, easily accessible, and tailored models of care while maintaining optimal outcomes. OBJECTIVE This systematic review describes and appraises the efficacy of technology-supported self-guided nutrition and physical activity interventions for people with cancer. METHODS A systematic search of multiple databases from 1973 to July 2018 was conducted for randomized and nonrandomized trials investigating technology-supported self-guided nutrition and physical activity interventions. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Outcomes included behavioural, health-related, clinical, health service, or financial measures. RESULTS Sixteen randomized controlled trials representing 2684 participants were included. Most studies were web-based interventions (n=9) and had a 12-week follow-up duration (n=8). Seven studies assessed dietary behaviour, of which two reported a significant benefit on diet quality or fruit and vegetable intake. Fifteen studies measured physical activity behaviour, of which eight studies reported a significant improvement in muscle strength and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Four of the nine studies assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reported a significant improvement in global HRQoL or a domain subscale. A significant improvement in fatigue was found in four of six studies. Interpretation of findings was influenced by inadequate reporting of intervention description and compliance. CONCLUSIONS This review identified short-term benefits of technology-supported self-guided interventions on the physical activity level and fatigue and some benefit on dietary behaviour and HRQoL in people with cancer. However, current literature demonstrates a lack of evidence for long-term benefit. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42017080346; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=80346

scholarly journals TAS2R38 predisposition to bitter taste associated with differential changes in vegetable intake in response to a community-based dietary intervention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Calancie ◽  
Thomas C. Keyserling ◽  
Lindsey Smith-Taillie ◽  
Kimberly Robasky ◽  
Cam Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Consumption Frequency

AbstractBackgroundAlthough vegetable consumption is associated with decreased risk for a variety of chronic diseases, few Americans meet the CDC recommendations for vegetable intake. The TAS2R38 gene encodes a taste receptor that confers bitter taste sensing from chemicals found in some vegetables. Common polymorphisms in TAS2R38, including rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939, lead to coding substitutions that alter receptor function and result in the loss of bitter taste perception.ObjectiveOur study examines whether bitter taste perception TAS2R38 diplotypes were associated with vegetable consumption in participants enrolled in either an enhanced or a minimal nutrition counseling intervention within a community-based dietary intervention.MethodsDNA was isolated from the peripheral blood cells of study participants (N = 497) and analyzed for polymorphisms using genotyping arrays. The Block Fruit and Vegetable screener was used to determine frequency of vegetable consumption. Mixed effects models were used to test differences in frequency of vegetable consumption between intervention and genotype groups over time.ResultsThere was no association between baseline vegetable consumption frequency and the bitter taste diplotype (p = 0.937), however after six months of the intervention, we observed an interaction between bitter taste diplotypes and time (p = 0.046). Participants in the enhanced intervention increased their vegetable consumption frequency (p = 0.020) and within this intervention group, the non-bitter and intermediate-bitter tasting participants had the largest increase in vegetable consumption. In contrast, in the minimal intervention group, the bitter tasting participants reported a decrease in vegetable consumption.ConclusionsNon‐ and intermediate-bitter taste blind participants increased vegetable consumption in either intervention group more than those who perceive bitterness. Future applications of precision medicine could consider genetic variation in bitter taste perception genes when designing dietary interventions.Author summaryMost Americans under consume vegetables, despite clear associations between vegetable consumption and health benefits. Vegetables, such as broccoli, kale, and Brussels sprouts, contain bitter-tasting compounds, leading to taste aversion. Common polymorphisms on the TAS2R38 taste receptor gene (rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939) influence the perception of bitter taste. We tested whether genetic predisposition to bitter taste influenced vegetable intake in a dietary intervention and found that TAS2R38 diplotypes were related to vegetable consumption. Combining precision medicine approaches that identify taste profiles and personalizing dietary advice could help engage intervention participants and improve the impact of dietary interventions.

scholarly journals Digital and social media opportunities for dietary behaviour change

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen F. McGloin ◽  
Sara Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Global Positioning System Tracking ◽  
Dietary Behaviour Change

The way that people communicate, consume media and seek and receive information is changing. Forty per cent of the world's population now has an internet connection, the average global social media penetration is 39 % and 1·5 billion people have internet access via mobile phone. This large-scale move in population use of digital, social and mobile media presents an unprecedented opportunity to connect with individuals on issues concerning health. The present paper aims to investigate these opportunities in relation to dietary behaviour change. Several aspects of the digital environment could support behaviour change efforts, including reach, engagement, research, segmentation, accessibility and potential to build credibility, trust, collaboration and advocacy. There are opportunities to influence behaviour online using similar techniques to traditional health promotion programmes; to positively affect health-related knowledge, skills and self-efficacy. The abundance of data on citizens’ digital behaviours, whether through search behaviour, global positioning system tracking, or via demographics and interests captured through social media profiles, offer exciting opportunities for effectively targeting relevant health messages. The digital environment presents great possibilities but also great challenges. Digital communication is uncontrolled, multi-way and co-created and concerns remain in relation to inequalities, privacy, misinformation and lack of evaluation. Although web-based, social-media-based and mobile-based studies tend to show positive results for dietary behaviour change, methodologies have yet to be developed that go beyond basic evaluation criteria and move towards true measures of behaviour change. Novel approaches are necessary both in the digital promotion of behaviour change and in its measurement.

scholarly journals Dietary interventions with or without omega-3 supplementation for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tala Raad ◽  
Elena George ◽  
Anne Griffin ◽  
Louise Larkin ◽  
Alexander Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by swollen and painful joints. It is hypothesised that changes in lifestyle factors such as consuming a healthier diet may  reduce the severity of RA symptoms. People living with RA commonly make alterations to their dietary intake with the hope of improving their symptoms. This systematic review aims to discuss the effects of dietary interventions with and without omega-3 supplementation for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials (NRCTs) will be conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register) and CINAHL will be searched from inception without using date restrictions. Primary outcomes will include measures of disease activity, inflammation and quality of life among adults living with RA. Study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the methodological appraisal of the studies will be assessed independently by two different reviewers (TR and AG) using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for RCTs, and Risk-of-Bias In Non-Randomised Studies Tool for NRCTs. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this systematic review. Only publically available data from previously published studies will be used. The findings of this systematic review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020147415 (11/02/2020).

Dietary interventions in mild cognitive impairment and dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Nutritional Elements

Dietary intervention is an enticing approach in the fight against cognitive impairment. Nutritional supplements and dietetic counseling are relatively easy and benign interventions, but research has not yet yielded irrefutable evidence as to their clinical utility. Heterogeneity in the results of available clinical studies, as well as methodological and practical issues, does not allow replication and generalization of findings. The paper at hand reviews only randomized clinical trials of single nutrients, multi-nutrient formulations and dietary counseling in mild cognitive impairment and dementia of the Alzheimer's type focusing on both cognitive and functional outcomes. Thus far, folate, vitamin E, Ω-3 fatty acids, and certain multi-nutrient formulations have shown some preliminary promising results; larger, well-designed trials are needed to confirm these findings before nutritional elements can be incorporated in recommended clinical guidelines.

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