Validating Whole Slide Digital Morphometric Analysis as a Microscopy Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Diller ◽  
Robert S. Kellar
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Investigator Bias ◽  
Manual Counting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cd 68 ◽  
Digital Algorithms ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

AbstractWhole slide imaging (WSI) can be used to quantify multiple responses within tissue sections during histological analysis. Feature Analysis on Consecutive Tissue Sections (FACTS®) allows the investigator to perform digital morphometric analysis (DMA) within specified regions of interest (ROI) across multiple serial sections at faster rates when compared with manual morphometry methods. Using FACTS® in conjunction with WSI is a powerful analysis tool, which allows DMA to target specific ROI across multiple tissue sections stained for different biomarkers. DMA may serve as an appropriate alternative to classic, manual, histologic morphometric measures, which have historically relied on the selection of high-powered fields of views and manual scoring (e.g., a gold standard). In the current study, existing preserved samples were used to determine if DMA would provide similar results to manual counting methods. Rodent hearts (n=14, left ventricles) were stained with Masson’s trichrome, and reacted for cluster of differentiation 68 (CD-68). This study found no statistical significant difference between a classic, manual method and the use of digital algorithms to perform the similar counts (p=0.38). DMA offers researchers the ability to accurately evaluate morphological characteristics in a reproducible fashion without investigator bias and with higher throughput.

Verification of In Situ Thresholds and Integrated Real-Ear Measurements

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. DiGiovanni ◽  
Ryan M. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Ohio University ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threshold Measurement

Background: Accurate prescriptive gain results in a more accurate fit, lower return rate in hearing aids, and increased patient satisfaction. In situ threshold measurements can be used to determine required gain. The Widex Corporation uses an in situ threshold measurement strategy, called the Sensogram. Real-ear measurements determine if prescriptive gain targets have been achieved. Starkey Laboratories introduced an integrated real-ear measurement system in their hearing aids. Purpose: To determine whether the responses obtained using the Widex Sensogram were equivalent to those obtained using current clinical threshold measurement methods. To determine the accuracy of the Starkey IREMS™ (Integrated Real Ear Measurement System) in measuring RECD (real-ear to coupler difference) values compared to a dedicated real-ear measurement system. Research Design: A verification design was employed by comparing participant data measured from standard, benchmark equipment and procedures against new techniques offered by hearing-aid manufacturers. Study Sample: A total of 20 participants participated in this study. Ten participants with sensorineural hearing loss were recruited from the Ohio University Hearing, Speech, and Language Clinic participated in the first experiment. Ten participants with normal hearing were recruited from the student population at Ohio University participated in both experiments. The normal-hearing group had thresholds of 15 dB HL or better at the octave frequencies of 250–8000 Hz. The hearing-impaired group had thresholds of varying degrees and configurations with thresholds equal to or poorer than 25 dB HL three-frequency pure-tone average. Data Collection and Analysis: The order of measurement method for both experiments was counterbalanced. In Experiment 1, thresholds obtained via the Widex Sensogram were compared to thresholds obtained for each participant using a clinical audiometer and ER-3A insert ear phones. In Experiment 2, RECD values obtained via the Starkey IREMS were compared to RECD values obtained via the Audioscan Verifit™. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis, and a Fisher's LSD (least significant difference) was used as a post hoc analysis tool. Results: A significant difference between Sensogram thresholds and conventional audiometric thresholds was found with the Sensogram method resulting in better threshold values at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz for both groups. In Experiment 2, a significant difference between RECD values obtained by the Starkey IREMS and the Audioscan Verifit system was found with significant differences in RECD values found at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 2.0, and 6.0 kHz. Conclusions: The Sensogram data differ significantly from traditional audiometry at several frequencies important for speech intelligibility. Real-ear measures are still required for verification of prescribed gain, however, calling into question any claims of shortened fitting time. The Starkey IREMS does perform real-ear measurements that vary significantly from benchmark equipment. These technologies represent a positive direction in prescribing accurate gain during hearing-aid fittings, but a stand-alone system is still the preferred method for real-ear measurements in hearing-aid fittings.

scholarly journals A new method to detect apoptosis in paraffin sections: in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA.

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Wijsman ◽  
R R Jonker ◽  
R Keijzer ◽  
C J van de Velde ◽  
C J Cornelisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Sections

Apoptosis (programmed cell death) can be difficult to detect in routine histological sections. Since extensive DNA fragmentation is an important characteristic of this process, visualization of DNA breaks could greatly facilitate the identification of apoptotic cells. We describe a new staining method for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections that involves an in situ end-labeling (ISEL) procedure. After protease treatment to permeate the tissue sections, biotinylated nucleotides are in situ incorporated into DNA breaks by polymerase and subsequently stained with DAB via peroxidase-conjugated avidin. Staining of cells with the morphological characteristics of apoptosis was demonstrated in tissues known to exhibit programmed cell death, i.e., prostate and uterus after castration, tumors, lymph node follicles, and embryos. Apoptotic cells could be discriminated morphologically from areas of labeled necrotic cells, in which DNA degradation also occurs. Because apoptosis is relatively easily recognized in H&E-stained sections of involuting prostates of castrated rats, we used this model system to validate the ISEL method for the quantification of apoptotic cells. A high correlation was found between the fractions of ISEL-labeled cells and the fractions of apoptotic cells that were morphologically determined in adjacent sections. We conclude that ISEL is a useful technique for quantification of apoptosis in paraffin sections, especially for those tissues in which morphological determination is difficult. Furthermore, this new staining method enables the use of automated image cytometry for evaluating apoptosis.

Denudations as paracellular routes for alphafetoprotein and creatinine across the human syncytiotrophoblast

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (3) ◽  
pp. R677-R683 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brownbill ◽  
D. Mahendran ◽  
D. Owen ◽  
P. Swanson ◽  
K. L. Thornburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Paracellular Diffusion ◽  
Hydrophilic Solutes ◽  
Combined Data

We tested two hypotheses: 1) that fibrin-containing fibrinoid-filled denudations of the syncytiotrophoblast may provide a route for paracellular diffusion and 2) that placentas from women who had elevated maternal serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) in midgestation had raised permeability to AFP and greater denudation than in normal pregnancy. We measured AFP and creatinine clearance across term placental cotyledons from the above groups and used light microscope morphometric analysis to determine the volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid deposits. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of AFP and creatinine clearance or volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid deposits. The combined data showed a significant ( P < 0.05) positive correlation between creatinine clearance, but not AFP clearance, and volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid. We conclude that syncytiotrophoblast denudations, with associated fibrinoid, do provide a route for diffusion of small hydrophilic solutes, but that other anatomic features of the placenta are rate limiting for transfer of AFP and similarly sized molecules.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERGERAKAN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR FARMASI MENGGUNAKAN INDIKATOR BOLLINGER BAND DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Intan Elita ◽  
K. Bagus Wardianto ◽  
M. Iqbal Harori
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Selection Technique ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to measure the accuracy of technical analysis using the Bollinger Band indicator in predicting stock prices in the middle of pandemic covid-19. The concept in this study is to compare daily stock price predictions according to technical indicators with the closing prices that occured on that day. Sample selection technique used in this research used a purposive sampling method and obtained 9 pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the IDX from February to April 2020. The type of data used is a chart of the company's daily stock price movements obtained from finance.yahoo.com. The data analysis technique used was the paired sample t-test and used the SPSS 26 analysis tool. The results of this study indicate that the Bollinger indicator does not have a significant difference. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur keakuratan analisis teknikal dengan indikator Bollinger Band dalam memprediksi harga saham pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Konsep pada penelitian ini adalah membandingkan prediksi harga saham harian menurut indikator teknikal dengan harga penutupan yang terjadi pada hari tersebut. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 9 perusahaan sub sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di BEI selama Februari hingga April 2020. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu berupa grafik pergerakan harga saham harian perusahaan yang diperoleh dari finance.yahoo.com. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji independent sample t-test dan menggunakan alat analisis program SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indikator Bollinger tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan.

scholarly journals Para-badminton: características temporais e técnicas do jogo

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Aline Miranda Strapasson ◽  
João Guilherme Cren Chiminazzo ◽  
Wendel De Oliveira Mota Ribeiro ◽  
Marcos Bezerra de Almeida ◽  
Edison Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Pause Time ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
World Championship ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Inferential Analysis

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de Para-Badminton (PBd) para usuários de cadeiras de rodas (WH - Wheelchair) através do scout. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com análise inferencial para comparação entre grupos. Durante um Campeonato Mundial da modalidade foram filmados e analisados seis jogos de PBd das classes WH1 e WH2, da categoria simples masculina. Analisaram-se as variáveis técnicas e temporais e os resultados apontaram que o tempo total (TT) de jogo das categorias WH1 e WH2 não apresentou diferenças estatísticas significativas, além disso, o tempo de rali (TR) da classe WH2 apresentou-se maior que o tempo de pausa (TP), caracterizando mais intensidade de jogo. Os itens que apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre as categorias foram: tempo de descanso (TD), frequência de golpes (FG), densidade de jogo (DJ) e golpes por rali (GR). Quanto aos fundamentos executados, o único que apresentou diferença expressiva foi o drive, golpe menos utilizado nas partidas. Os fundamentos mais utilizados foram o clear, o lob, o drop e o net-shot; e o número de erros não forçados (ENF) foi maior que os pontos vencedores (PV). Conclui-se assim, que é possível caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de PBd utilizando o scout como ferramenta de análise de jogo.ABSTRACT. Para-badminton: technical and temporal characteristics. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd matches in WH1 and WH2 classes (WH - wheelchair) through the scout. A descriptive study was carried out with inferential analysis for comparison between groups. Six PBd matches (WH1/WH2 classes, men single) were filmed and analyzed during a World Championship. The temporal and technical variables were analyzed. The results show that: total time of WH1 and WH2 categories did not present significant statistical differences and WH2 class rally time is higher than the pause time, characterizing greater intensity of the game. The items that presented significant statistical differences among the categories were: rest time, strokes frequency, game density, rally strokes. As for the strokes executed, the only one that presented significant difference was drive, the least used stroke in the games. The most used strokes were clear, lob, drop and net-shot; and the number of non-forced errors were greater than winning points. The conclusion is that is possible to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd games using scout as a game analysis tool.

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of Two-rowed Barley (Hordeum sativum ssp. distichum L.) Landraces Originating from Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Ivan Kovačević ◽  
Đurađ Hajder ◽  
Danijela Kondić ◽  
Dragan Mandić ◽  
Desimir Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Barley Landrace ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Significant Difference

Barley is a small grain cereal, tolerant to high temperatures and drought. Due to this characteristic, it can be regarded as a promising crop for production in dry conditions. Research on five spring landraces of two-rowed barley lasted two experimental years (2011 and 2012) in agro-ecological conditions of Banja Luka. In the experiment, the standard cropping practices were applied, without irrigation. The experiment was set as a complete randomized design with four replications. All measurements were performed in 10 plants per replication. Morphological characteristics included plant height (cm), spike length (cm), grain number per spike and grain weight per spike (g). Obtained data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance with landrace and growing season as main factors. Significant treatment or interaction effects were further analysed by Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test, often utilized for pairwise comparisons among arithmetic means. In all tested traits the maximum average values were obtained in barley landrace AM2, i.e. the plant height (86.89 cm), the spike length (8.90 cm), the grain number per spike (24.74) and the grain weight per spike (1.17 g). Due to these facts, two-rowed barley landrace AM2 can be marked as the most productive in this research, bearing a potential for different crop breeding practices.

scholarly journals Development and validation of reflective inventories: assisting radiation therapists with reflective practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Findlay ◽  
Shane E. Dempsey ◽  
Helen M. Warren-Forward
Keyword(s):  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Reflective Writing ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Process Validation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development And Validation

AbstractObjective:Freeform reflective writing is one way that radiation therapists can document their development. Barriers to this form of writing include the fact that some radiation therapists do not know what to write or how to begin this writing process. This paper outlines the development and validation of guided inventories called the Newcastle Reflective Inventories and the validation of the Newcastle Reflective Analysis Tool as an effective tool for assessing short-form guided reflective writing.Method:The Newcastle Reflective Inventories consist of a series of questions that guides the user through the reflective writing process. Validation of the Newcastle Reflective Inventories involved comparing the evidence of reflection in 14 freeform journals to that of 14 inventories completed on the same topic. Validation of the Newcastle Reflective Analysis Tool included the assessment of 30 Newcastle Reflective Inventories.Results:There was a highly statistically significant difference (p< 0.001) in the high levels of reflection evident in the inventories when compared to the lower levels of reflection in the freeform journals. Good levels of agreement were achieved between the coders.Discussion:These results show that the Newcastle Reflective Inventories are effective tools in promoting reflective writing when compared with freeform journaling.

A bioartificial rat heart tissue: Perfusion decellularization and characterization

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Busra Ozlu ◽  
Mert Ergin ◽  
Sevcan Budak ◽  
Selcuk Tunali ◽  
Nuh Yildirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Structural Preservation

Despite remarkable advancement in the past decades, heart-related defects are still prone to progress irreversibly and can eventually lead to heart failure. A personalized extracellular matrix–based bioartificial heart created by allografts/xenografts emerges as an alternative as it can retain the original three-dimensional architecture combined with a preserved natural heart extracellular matrix. This study aimed at developing a procedure for decellularizing heart tissue harvested from rats and evaluating decellularization efficiency in terms of residual nuclear content and structural properties. Tissue sections showed no or little visible cell nuclei in decellularized heart, whereas the native heart showed dense cellularity. In addition, there was no significant variation in the alignment of muscle fibers upon decellularization. Furthermore, no significant difference was detected between native and decellularized hearts in terms of fiber diameter. Our findings demonstrate that fiber alignment and diameter can serve as additional parameters in the characterization of biological heart scaffolds as these provide valuable input for evaluating structural preservation of decellularized heart. The bioartificial scaffold formed here can be functionalized with patient’s own material and utilized in regenerative engineering.

scholarly journals Morphological Assessment of Cultivated and Wild Amaranth Species Diversity

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjita Thapa ◽  
Matthew Blair
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blade Shape

Amaranthus L. is genus of C4 dicotyledonous herbaceous plants comprising approximately 70 species, with three subgenera, which contains both cultivated and wild types, where cultivated ones are used for food grains, leafy vegetables, potential forages and ornamentals. Grain amaranth are pseudocereals from three species domesticated in North and South America and are notable for containing high amount of protein and minerals and balanced amino acid in their small seeds. Genetic diversity analysis of amaranths is important for development of core set of germplasm with widely diverse population and effective utilization of plant genetic resources. In this study, we evaluated a germplasm collection of 260 amaranth accessions from United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) and 33 accessions from Seed Savers’ Exchange (SSE). We evaluated morphological traits like blade pigmentation, blade shape, petiole pigmentation, branching index, flower color, stem color, inflorescence density, inflorescence shape, terminal inflorescence attitude, plant height and yield characteristics across all 293 accessions. We compared clustering within the USDA and SSE collection and across both collections. Data analysis of morphological data showed significant difference of petiole pigmentation, stem color, blade pigmentation, blade shape and flower color across different clusters of accessions of USDA unlike among different clusters of SSE where we found significant difference of only blade pigmentation, blade shape and flower color. The relationship depicted by neighbor-joining dendogram using the morphological markers was consistent with some but not all of the differences observed between species. Some divisions were found between cultivated and weedy amaranths that was substantiated by morphological characteristics but no separation of South and Central American species was observed. Substantial phenotypic plasticity limits the use of morphological analysis for phylogenetic analysis but does show that important morphological traits such as inflorescence type and plant architecture can cross species boundaries. Similarly, color variants for leaves, flowers and seeds are not exclusive to one cluster in our study nor to one species and can be used widely for breeding any of the cultigens, but not to species identification. Our findings will help in germplasm conservation of grain amaranths and facilitate in this crop’s improvement. It will also help on developing effective breeding programs involving different plant characteristics and morphological traits of Amaranths.

Effects of the Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the Proliferation and Morphological Characteristics of Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) in Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Shafawati Rosli ◽  
Azhar Abdul Rahman ◽  
Azlan Abdul Aziz ◽  
Shaharum Shamsuddin ◽  
Nurul Sabihah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mcf 7

Ultrastructural characteristic and morphological changes of untreated and treated breast cancer MCF-7 cells were observed by energy-filtered transmission electron microscope (EFTEM). Morphological observation of MCF-7 after being treated with 13 nm, 50 nm, and 70 nm AuNPs, were looking unhealthy and dying out of the populace, the observed cells were more reduced and dying as treatment with 50 nm and 70 nm AuNPs. Cells detachment, clumping, shrunken, and dispersed cells in the culture medium and floating cells were also observed. The observed morphological changes increase in 50 nm and 70 nm AuNPs than in 13 nm AuNPs, which is less toxic to MCF-7 cells. The presented morphological analysis has established that 13 nm AuNPs showed less toxic to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Whereas, control cells of MCF-7 were treated with only complete culture media, despite the duration of treatment, whereby the cells maintained most of their morphological features and observed to have a typical morphology of healthy cells that are well attached to the surface. These results indicate that AuNPs were clustered in the cells and there was no significant difference between images of different sizes of AuNPs observed in the cells, because the AuNPs always clustered together inside the cells.

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