The effect of periconceptional undernutrition of sheep on the cognitive/emotional response and oocyte quality of offspring at 30 days of age

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Abecia ◽  
A. Casao ◽  
M. Pascual-Alonso ◽  
S. Lobón ◽  
L. A. Aguayo-Ulloa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Extensive Farming

Maternal periconceptional undernutrition is associated with altered development and increased risks of adverse outcomes in the offspring. This circumstance is normal in flocks under extensive farming systems, which depend on natural forage resources. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of periconceptional undernutrition in sheep on behavioral and reproductive aspects of the offspring. Eighty ewes were synchronized in estrus and allocated to two groups (n=40) to be fed diets that provided 1.5 (C) or 0.5 (L) times the requirements for maintenance. Ewes were mated and 7 days later fed the control diet until lambing. One month after lambing, 32 lambs were exposed to tests to determine their cognitive and emotional responses. Six ewe lambs were euthanized and in vitro maturation and fertilization procedures were performed. L ewes presented a significant reduction in prolificacy and fecundity (P<0.05) in comparison with C ewes. Mean LW at lambing of L lambs was significantly higher than C lambs (C: 3.80±0.11; L: 4.24±0.15 kg, P<0.05). Lambs born from C ewes spent more time walking than L lambs (P<0.05) in the isolation test, revealing a decrease in the locomotor activity of lambs born from undernourished ewes around conception. Ewe lambs from the undernourished ewes presented a total population of oocytes 2.3 times higher than ovaries from control ewe lambs (60.0±7.8 v. 140.0±18.5 oocytes; P<0.05). In conclusion, periconceptional undernutrition is able to produce an increment in the body weight and the oocyte population, and an alteration of the locomotor activity of the offspring.

scholarly journals A preliminary study of the effects of organic farming on oocyte quality in ewe lambs

Zygote ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Casao ◽  
G. A. María ◽  
J.A. Abecia
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Ewe Lamb ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Total Integration ◽  
Conventional Farm

SummaryThis study tested whether feeding Rasa Aragonesa ewes certified organic feed, from 15 days before mating until lamb weaning, improved oocyte quality and in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization (IVF) performances of the offspring. In a second experiment, ovaries from ewe lambs that were bred on an organic farm and were of the same breed were compared with those from conventionally bred animals. The number (± standard error of the mean) of healthy oocytes per ewe lamb did not differ significantly between organic (12.2 ± 3.3) and conventionally (13.6 ± 4.0) fed ewes. Ovaries from ewe lambs born on an organic farm had significantly (P < 0.0001) more healthy oocytes per ewe lamb (39.6 ± 5.2) than did those born on a conventional farm (25.0 ± 4.2), and higher IVM (76.5% vs. 53.1%, P < 0.0001) and IVF (97.3 vs. 91%, P < 0.05) rates. In conclusion, this preliminary approach to the study of the effect of organic procedures on the sheep oocyte quality indicates that the total integration in the complete organic system improved the oocyte quality of ewe lambs, although organic feeding alone was insufficient to improve quality.

scholarly journals How to Achieve High-Quality Oocytes? The Key Role of Myo-Inositol and Melatonin

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Giovanni Vitale ◽  
Paola Rossetti ◽  
Francesco Corrado ◽  
Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda ◽  
Sandro La Vignera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have experienced growing interest from infertile patients seeking to become pregnant. The quality of oocytes plays a pivotal role in determining ART outcomes. Although many authors have studied how supplementation therapy may affect this important parameter for both in vivo and in vitro models, data are not yet robust enough to support firm conclusions. Regarding this last point, in this review our objective has been to evaluate the state of the art regarding supplementation with melatonin and myo-inositol in order to improve oocyte quality during ART. On the one hand, the antioxidant effect of melatonin is well known as being useful during ovulation and oocyte incubation, two occasions with a high level of oxidative stress. On the other hand, myo-inositol is important in cellular structure and in cellular signaling pathways. Our analysis suggests that the use of these two molecules may significantly improve the quality of oocytes and the quality of embryos: melatonin seems to raise the fertilization rate, and myo-inositol improves the pregnancy rate, although all published studies do not fully agree with these conclusions. However, previous studies have demonstrated that cotreatment improves these results compared with melatonin alone or myo-inositol alone. We recommend that further studies be performed in order to confirm these positive outcomes in routine ART treatment.

Vitamin C protects carboplatin-exposed oocytes from meiotic failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 601-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyin Zhou ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Xiayan ShiYang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Platinum Compound ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract CBP (carboplatin) is a second-generation chemotherapeutic drug of platinum compound commonly applied in the treatment of sarcomas and germ cell tumours. Although it is developed to replace cisplatin, which has been proven to have a variety of side effects during cancer treatment, CBP still exhibits a certain degree of toxicity including neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity and myelosuppression. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding how CBP influences the female reproductive system especially oocyte quality have not yet been fully determined. Here, we report that CBP exposure led to the oocyte meiotic defects by impairing the dynamics of the meiotic apparatus, leading to a remarkably aberrant spindle organisation, actin polymerisation and mitochondrial integrity. Additionally, CBP exposure caused compromised sperm binding and fertilisation potential of oocytes by due to an abnormal distribution of cortical granules and its component ovastacin. More importantly, we demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation prevented meiotic failure induced by CBP exposure and inhibited the increase in ROS levels, DNA damage accumulation and apoptotic incidence. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the toxic effects of CBP exposure on oocyte development and provide a potential effective way to improve the quality of CBP-exposed oocytes in vitro.

scholarly journals Influence of nutrition on the effectiveness of superovulation programmes in ewes: effect on oocyte quality and post-fertilization development

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 543-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Lozano ◽  
P Lonergan ◽  
MP Boland ◽  
D O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two experiments were carried out to study the effect of nutrition on embryo development in two periods in superovulated ewes (Expt 1) and on oocyte developmental capacity during the late follicular phase (Expt 2). In Expt 1, a lower superovulation response in terms of animals ovulating (P < 0.05), ovulation rate per ewe ovulating (P = 0.1) and number of good quality embryos per animal treated (P < 0.07) was noted in ewes fed an ad libitum diet compared with ewes offered control (1.5 times the daily maintenance energy requirements, 1.5 x M) or low energy (0.5 x M) diets. Nutrition also modified the morphological and functional quality of the oocytes and embryos recovered. Thus, 92% of day 4 embryos recovered from ewes offered the control diet were classified as good embryos, compared with 70 and 82% of those recovered from ewes offered the ad libitum and low diets, respectively (P < 0.05). Ewes offered the ad libitum diet had a greater percentage of poorly developed embryos compared with ewes offered the control or low diets (P < 0.05). Ewes fed the low diet tended to have more non-fertilized oocytes than ewes offered the control diet (P = 0.09). Diet of recipient ewes to which good quality embryos were transferred on day 4 did not affect embryo quality, when assessed 12 days later (day 16 of pregnancy). However, recipient diet affected prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) production in vitro, and uterine tissue that originated from recipient ewes on the low diet secreted more PGF(2alpha) relative to uterine tissue that originated from recipients on the control diet (P < 0.05). In Expt 2, fewer total (P < 0.05) and good quality (P < 0.01) oocytes and a lower percentage of good quality oocytes (P < 0.01) were obtained from superovulated ewes offered the ad libitum diet compared with ewes offered the low diet. In addition, cleavage rate tended to be higher (51 versus 35%, P = 0.09) in ewes offered the low diet compared with ewes offered the ad libitum diet. In conclusion, changes in diet can affect the quality of the oocyte and embryo in superovulated sheep. A lower superovulation response and a decrease in the quality of oocytes and embryos indicate that ad libitum diets are highly detrimental for superovulatory programmes when compared with low and control diets. In addition, the results from the present study indicate that a low energy diet during early embryo development increased the uterine production in vitro of PGF(2alpha) which could lead to a poor uterine environment thereby compromising the development of the embryo.

scholarly journals Roles of Resveratrol in Improving the Quality of Postovulatory Aging Oocytes In Vitro

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Li Sun ◽  
Shou-Bin Tang ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
Shen Yin ◽  
Qing-Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Postovulatory Aging

After ovulation, mammalian oocytes will undergo a time-dependent process of aging if they are not fertilized. This postovulatory aging (POA) seriously affects the oocyte quality and then impairs the subsequent fertilization and early embryo development, which should be avoided especially in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Resveratrol is an antioxidant substance that can scavenge free radicals and is effective in improving ovary functions. Here, mouse oocytes were used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of resveratrol on POA oocytes in vitro. With 1.0 µM resveratrol treatment during aging process, the rates of fertilization and blastocyst in POA oocytes increased significantly compared with those in the POA group. Resveratrol can reduce the loss of sperm binding sites by stabilizing Juno. Resveratrol can maintain the normal morphology of spindle and mitochondrion distribution and alleviate the levels of ROS and early apoptosis. Additionally, resveratrol can reduce the changes of H3K9me2. Therefore, resveratrol can significantly improve the quality of POA oocytes in vitro to enhance the rates of fertilization and blastocyst, which may be very helpful during the ART process.

scholarly journals GLUTATHIONE, INFLAMMATION, MITOCHONDRIAL FAT OXIDATION AND DIASTOLIC HEART FUNCTION IN OLD MICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S416-S416
Author(s):  
George E Taffet ◽  
K A Cieslik ◽  
R V Sekhar ◽  
Celia A Pena Heredia ◽  
Dale J Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Function ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Atp Generation ◽  
Old Mice

Abstract Impaired diastolic function is a risk factor for diastolic heart failure, may limit exercise performance, and is common in aging in both people and animals. This diastolic dysfunction seems to be associated with cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and impaired mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. Old (24-28 m) mice fed a GlyNAC supplemented diet for 8 weeks were compared to those on control diet, and had dramatic improvement in all these parameters. For example, ATP generation from fatty acids with five-fold higher in the GlyNAC supplemented mice. In vitro studies compared NAC with GlyNAC and demonstrated the benefits only with supplementing both amino acids as compared to NAC alone. These data suggest that GlyNAC may have a role in improving cardiac function thus improving exercise tolerance and quality of life for older people.

Pre-clinical study of complex phyto-sorbents on the basis of makley and chitozan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
V.A. Baryshev ◽  
◽  
O.S. Popova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Poultry Farming

The aim of our research was to assess the toxicity of complex phytosorbents based on maklea cordate and chitosan. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity in vitro was carried out according to the General Pharmacopoeia Monograph (the method is described in the Pharmacopoeia (OFS.1.2.4.0010.15), three types of phytosorption complex were used as the material for the study. Phytosorbents were included in samples 1–3. In addition to sorbents, sample No. 1, oil of oregano and thyme containing carvacrol (with proven antimicrobial activity in previous experi-ments) was added, compound Macleaya cor-data was added to compound No. 2, and chi-tosan was added to compound No. 3-components of samples 1. Нe study of the toxicity of the studied parameters was stud-ied according to the guidelines [5]. The haz-ard class of the studied drugs was deter-mined according to GOST 12.1.007-76. Ac-cording to experiments, drugs can be classi-fied as low-hazard substances. Assessment of acute and subacute toxicity proved the absence of negative effects of both drugs on the body of laboratory ani-mals, at a dose twice and four times the rec-ommended therapeutic, which is 6000 mg / goal. and 12000 mg / goal., Do not cause toxic effects and death of animals. And the introduction of complexes with chitosan and macklea, at a dose of 6000 mg / goal. within 28 days, positively affects the body of labor-atory rats. That allows research to determine the effectiveness, including on productive animals. Factors that determine the relevance of the development of highly effective phytobi-otics and their use in animal husbandry and poultry farming should also include the high profitability of the production of environ-mentally friendly agricultural products and the task of improving the quality of life of the population.

scholarly journals Applications of Melatonin in Female Reproduction in the Context of Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yonghui Jiang ◽  
Huangcong Shi ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Shigang Zhao ◽  
Han Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

Oxidative stress has been recognized as one of the causal mediators of female infertility by affecting the oocyte quality and early embryo development. Improving oxidative stress is essential for reproductive health. Melatonin, a self-secreted antioxidant, has a wide range of effects by improving mitochondrial function and reducing the damage of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This minireview illustrates the applications of melatonin in reproduction from four aspects: physiological ovarian aging, vitrification freezing, in vitro maturation (IVM), and oxidative stress homeostasis imbalance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), emphasising the role of melatonin in improving the quality of oocytes in assisted reproduction and other adverse conditions.

scholarly journals Melatonin in male and female fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Zainab M. Alawad ◽  
Hanan L. Al-Omary
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Cancer Agent

Melatonin, a hormone synthesized mainly by the pineal gland, has been found in extra-pineal organs as well. It’s known as an organizer of circadian rhythms and more recently as an anti-oxidant. In addition to its role in maintaining immunity, pathophysiology of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and as an anti-cancer agent, evidence has demonstrated that melatonin exerts a positive impact on male and female fertility primarily through oxygen scavenging effects. In In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) programs, supplementation of melatonin may be associated with better outcomes in terms of sperm quality, oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy rates. This review summarizes various actions of melatonin on the body focusing on male and female fecundity.

scholarly journals Seasonal Effect on Developmental Competence, Oxidative Status and Tubulin Assessment of Prepubertal Ovine Oocyte

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1886
Author(s):  
Elisa Serra ◽  
Sergio Domenico Gadau ◽  
Giovanni Giuseppe Leoni ◽  
Salvatore Naitana ◽  
Sara Succu
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Reproductive Seasonality ◽  
Embryo Production

The reproductive seasonality of domestic animals is often manipulated in order to have more reproductive periods for commercial purposes related to the production of milk and meat. It is scientifically proven that such an alteration of the reproductive activity in sheep entails a deterioration in oocyte quality, leading to an inability to generate embryos. Since oocytes obtained from prepubertal ewes can be incorporated into an in vitro embryo production system and considering that their quality is crucial to the success of in vitro procedures, the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of seasons on the quality of prepubertal ovine oocytes collected in autumn and spring. Ovaries were collected from a local slaughterhouse from 30–40-day-old suckling lambs during both seasons. Following 24 h of in vitro maturation, oocytes developmental competence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) intracellular levels, and mitochondrial activity were evaluated, and a tubulin assessment was performed. The results on embryo production, as a percentage of first divisions and number of blastocysts obtained, were significantly higher in oocytes collected in the spring. Mitochondrial activity in oocytes was higher, and ROS production significantly lower, in spring than in autumn. Tubulin PTMs (tyrosinated and acetylated α-tubulin) showed a higher immunoreactivity in oocytes collected in spring compared with autumn sampling. Our data showed that seasons may affect the developmental competence, energetic status, and tubulin assessment of oocytes recovered from prepubertal ewes. Therefore, special care should be taken when choosing the period of the year for prepuberal ovine oocytes collection aimed at in vitro embryo reproduction programs.

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