scholarly journals Survey of Glyphosate-Resistant Junglerice Accessions in Dicamba-Resistant Crops in Tennessee

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Clay M. Perkins ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller ◽  
Lawrence E. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Factor ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Poor

Abstract Junglerice has become a major weed in Tennessee cotton and soybean fields. Glyphosate has been relied upon to control these accessions over the past two decades but in recent years cotton and soybean producers have reported junglerice escapes after glyphosate + dicamba and/or clethodim applications. In the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019, a survey was conducted of weed escapes in dicamba-resistant crops. Junglerice was the most prevalent weed escape in these dicamba-resistant (Roundup Ready Xtend®) cotton and soybean fields in both years of the study. In 2018 and 2019, junglerice was found 76% and 64% of the time in dicamba-resistant cotton and soybean fields, respectively. Progeny from junglerice seeds collected during this survey was screened for glyphosate and clethodim resistance. Seventy percent of the junglerice accessions tested had an effective relative resistance factor (RRF) of 3.1 to 8.5 to glyphosate. In all, 13% of the junglerice accessions could no longer be effectively controlled with glyphosate. This research also showed that all sampled accessions could still be controlled with clethodim in a greenhouse environment but less control was observed in the field. These data would also suggest that another cause for the poor junglerice control is dicamba antagonizing the glyphosate and clethodim activity.

High-Resolution, Low-Voltage SEM of Cell Wall Regeneration of Yeast Shizosaccharomyces Pombe Protoplasts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
M. Osumi ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Nagatani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Wall Regeneration ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Beam Damage ◽  
Biological Field ◽  
Scanning Electron

Even though many early workers had suggested the use of lower voltages to increase topographic contrast and to reduce specimen charging and beam damage, we did not usually operate in the conventional scanning electron microscope at low voltage because of the poor resolution, especially of bioligical specimens. However, the development of the “in-lens” field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) has led to marked inprovement in resolution, especially in the range of 1-5 kV, within the past year. The probe size has been cumulated to be 0.7nm in diameter at 30kV and about 3nm at 1kV. We have been trying to develop techniques to use this in-lens FESEM at low voltage (LVSEM) for direct observation of totally uncoated biological specimens and have developed the LVSEM method for the biological field.

Theodore W. Schultz. The Economics of Being Poor. Oxford: Blackwell. 1993. ix+340 pp.+ Index. Hardbound. £ 40.00.

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Economic Journals ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Demand For Children

Improving the material conditions of the poor has been the main focus of economic policy formulation for the past fifty years or so. Thus, in this connection, a vast body of literature has been published which deals with such issues as identifying the poor and suggesting remedies to alleviate their lot. The book by Theodore W. Schultz deals specifically with the economics of the poor. The book is primarily a collection of articles the author wrote over a fortyyear period (1950-1990), and these have been published previously in a number of leading economic journals. The articles have been grouped under three headings: "Most People Are Poor"; "Investing in Skills and Knowledge"; and "Effects of Human Capital". The articles basically deal with the concept of human capital. There is a logical sequence to the articles that make up this book; the poor are identified and steps are then suggested to improve their standing. Issues such as women's economic emancipation and the demand for children are highlighted in the collection of articles dealing with these two subjects. By investing in themselves through education, the poor raise their level of skills, and thus their level of wages/salaries, allowing them to enjoy higher standards of living.

A case of two spellings for Humboldt’s blue-winged mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4974 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Author(s):  
RALPH E. HARBACH ◽  
NEAL L. EVENHUIS
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
Perceived Color ◽  
Dark Blue

While adding taxon names to the Systema Dipterorum database (Evenhuis & Pape 2021), one of us (NLE) discovered that Humboldt (1819) had spelled the proposed name of a nominal mosquito species in two ways. He described the species, which was found in swampy places along the Magdalena River near Tenerife, Colombia, as Culex cyanopennis on page 340 and afterwards referred to it as Culex cyanopterus on pages 345 and 349. Both names have the same meaning: cyano- (Gr. kyanos, dark blue), pennis (L. penna, feather, wing) and pteron (Gr. feather, wing). The species was named for the perceived color of the wings: “Alæ cæruleæ, splendore semi-metallico…” (wings blue, a bright semi-metallic). On page 345, Humboldt states, translated from the French: “We have been informed in the Rio de la Magdalena that in Simitì no other Culex than the jejen [je·jén: Sp., gnat, mosquito] was known in the past. You can spend the night there quietly, because the jejen is not a nocturnal insect. Since the year 1801, the big blue-winged mosquito (Culex cyanopterus) has shown itself in such abundance that the poor inhabitants of Simitì do not know how to get a peaceful sleep.” Thus, in addition to having the same meaning, the two names are associated with the same locality. 

Influence of Insecticides and Reflective Mulch on Watermelon Vine Decline Caused by Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekar S. Kousik ◽  
Scott Adkins ◽  
Craig G. Webster ◽  
William W. Turechek ◽  
Philip Stansly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Vine Decline ◽  
Yellowing Virus

Watermelon vine decline (WVD) caused by the whitefly-transmitted Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) has been a serious limiting factor in watermelon production in southwest and west-central Florida over the past few years. Symptoms of WVD typically appear as sudden decline of vines a few weeks before harvest or just after the first harvest. Fruit symptoms include rind necrosis and flesh discoloration that affects fruit quality and marketability. The combination of insecticide treatments consisting of an imidacloprid drench (Admire Pro, 560 ml/ha) at transplanting followed by two foliar applications of spiromesifen (Oberon, 2SC, 490 ml/ha) and reflective plastic mulch was evaluated for management of WVD during fall growing seasons of 2006, 2007, and 2009. Virus inoculum source was introduced by planting SqVYV-infected squash plants at the ends of each plot. In all three experiments, the insecticide-treated plots had significantly lower levels of WVD on foliage and fruit compared to non-treated plots. In 2007, the reflective plastic mulch was effective in reducing foliar WVD compared to non-reflective mulch, but not in 2006 and 2009. No significant interaction between plastic mulch and chemical treatments was observed on WVD development on foliage or fruit. Our results suggest that application of insecticides for managing whiteflies can help manage SqVYV-caused WVD. Accepted for publication 13 January 2015. Published 25 March 2015.

From learning to labour to custody for the precariat

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ove Sernhede
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Young People ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Large Groups

The globally reported riots in the poor high-rise suburbs of Sweden’s metropolitan districts in 2013 were stark manifestations of the increased social and economic inequality of the past 30 years. Large groups of young adults acted out their unarticulated claims for social justice. In the light of the riots, it is relevant to ask whether any trace of resistance or protest can be found in the compulsory school where the young people from these neighbourhoods spend their days. The ethnography sampled for the article comes from two public schools in two poor, multi-ethnic, high-rise neighbourhoods on the outskirts of Gothenburg. The article argues that the theoretical and methodological concepts and perspectives developed by Willis still is of crucial importance to any investigation aimed at understanding the presence or absence of resistance in contemporary Swedish schools.

Some Actuarial Aspects of Unemployment Insurance

1929 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-160
Author(s):  
J. G. Kyd ◽  
G. H. Maddex
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Poor Laws ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

Judged by the amount of space devoted to the subject in the Journal of the Institute, Unemployment Insurance has received but little attention from actuaries in the past Public interest in the problem of relieving distress due to unemployment became pronounced in the early years of the present century and led to the appointment in 1904 of a Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and, eventually, to the passing in 1911 of the first Unemployment Insurance Act. These important events found a somewhat pallid reflection in our proceedings in the form of reprints of extracts from Sir H. Llewellyn Smith's address on Insurance against Unemployment to the British Association in 1910 (J.I.A., vol. xliv, p. 511) and of Mr. Ackland's report on Part II of the National Insurance Bill (J.I.A., vol. xlv, p. 456). At a later date, when the scope of the national scheme was very greatly widened, the Government Actuary's report on the relevant measure—the Unemployment Insurance Bill 1919—was reprinted in the Journal (J.I.A., vol. lii, page 72).

Cultural Bases for Understanding Literature

PMLA ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Margaret Mead
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Farm Laborer ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
A Chain

Among the variety of contributions which modern anthropological research might be able to offer to members of this Association, I plan to stress only one, that which anthropological studies of whole cultures can make to those whose task it is to cherish and cultivate the arts, and especially literature, in the contemporary world. Just because we, the anthropologists, specialize in primitive, usually quite small, societies and take as our focus communities of a few hundred people with an oral tradition which can be no more elaborate than the memories of those few, we are able to include within our study many aspects of human experience which the scholar dealing with a period or trend within a complex high civilization accepts on authority or takes for granted. Yet, to the extent that the scholar who works with the eighteenth century in England must so take for granted the economic arrangements of agriculture or the methods of child care in the nursery, he or she is cut off from watching the intimate interplay between the way a farm laborer is paid or a child rebuked and the images of sophisticated literature, within which these experiences of the poor or immature may be represented by a chain of transmuted images or an explicit counterpoint which cuts them off from the developed consciousness of the small literate elite who inherited and cultivated the literary tradition of the past. Short of time, and very often short of materials, historians have only recently thought it worth while to consider the “short and simple annals of the poor” or the life of children who were neither the subjects of later literary elaboration by a Samuel Butler or a Proust, nor had even the dubious claims of a Daisy Ashford.

Equality—an American Dilemma

Worldview ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Joseph P. DeMarco ◽  
Samuel A. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Economic Equality ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Economic Improvement

Americans are committed by Constitutional ideals to political equality. On the other hand, our economic ideals are libertarian and permit inequalities. Court decisions and federal legislation in the 1950's and '60's created a strong commitment to the practical realization of political and social equality. Yet we have come to see in the 1970's that economic inequalities make this achievement very difficult. The pressures for economic equality are relatively recent, because both poor and rich in Amerjca have in the past assumed the plight of the poor can be relieved most quickly through increases in total production rather than through a change in the distribution of what is produced. The prospect of limited economic growth in the future, or even no growth, dramatically shifts the pressures for economic improvement of the poor away from increased production toward greater equality in distribution.

Engaging in Global Nursing Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
Steven L. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
International Business ◽  
Nurse Educators ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Visiting Nurses ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Preferential Option ◽  
Job Opportunity

The nursing profession in the Sultanate of Oman in the past 50 years has undergone considerable growth and development. Its modernization was assisted by visiting professors from outside the country and by sending some nurses to study abroad. Visiting nurses and nurse educators who go to work in countries like Oman should consider implementing the ethic behind the mission statement of Partners in Health, which holds a preferential option for the poor, rather than just considering global health as another international business or job opportunity.

Utility privatisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: a case study of water

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Bayliss
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Privatisation Process ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Over the past twenty years, the focus of development policy has shifted from the state to the private sector. Privatisation is now central to utility reform in much of SSA. This paper sets out developments in water privatisation and reviews the evidence regarding its impact. Water privatisation has been carried out to some degree in at least fourteen countries in the region, and many other governments are at various stages in the privatisation process. However, in some cases privatisation has been difficult to achieve, and a few countries have successfully provided water under public ownership. Evidence on the impact of privatisation indicates that the performance of privatised utilities has not changed dramatically, but that enterprises have continued to perform well, or not so well, depending both on their state when they were privatised and on the wider economic context. The evidence points to internal improvements in terms of financial management. However, governments face considerable difficulties in attracting investors and regulating private utilities. Furthermore, privatisation fails to address some of the fundamental constraints affecting water utilities in SSA, such as finance, the politicised nature of service delivery, and lack of access for the poor. A preoccupation with ownership may obscure the wider goals of reform.

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