Nuclease Hydrolysis Does Not Drive the Rapid Signaling Decay of DNA Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Sensors in Biological Fluids

Langmuir ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (17) ◽  
pp. 5213-5221
Author(s):  
Alexander Shaver ◽  
Nandini Kundu ◽  
Brian E. Young ◽  
Philip A. Vieira ◽  
Jonathan T. Sczepanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Rapid Signaling

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Biosensor Using Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide and Nickel Phthalocyanine Ultrathin Films for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa F. Zampa ◽  
Inês Maria de S. Araújo ◽  
José Ribeiro dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Valtencir Zucolotto ◽  
José Roberto de S. A. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Nickel Phthalocyanine ◽  
Layer Technique ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

The antimicrobial peptide dermaseptin 01 (DS 01), from the skin secretion ofPhyllomedusa hypochondrialisfrogs, was immobilized in nanostructured layered films in conjunction with nickel tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines (NiTsPc), widely used in electronic devices, using layer-by-layer technique. The films were used as a biosensor to detect the presence of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, with detection limits in the order of 10−6 mol L−1. The use of DS 01 in LbL film generated selectivity in the detection of DA despite the presence of ascorbic acid found in biological fluids. This work is the first to report that the antimicrobial peptide and NiTsPc LbL film exhibits electroanalytical activity to DA oxidation. The selectivity in the detection of DA is a fundamental aspect for the development of electrochemical sensors with potential applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Cellular uptake of aptamer by Quantum Dots (QDs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-01
Author(s):  
Haleena Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Heparin Binding ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Phosphate Backbone ◽  
Aptamer Sequence

Aptamers are short single stranded oligonucleotide sequences that exhibit high binding affinity and high specificity against their target molecule. Binding affinity and specificity are crucial features for aptamers in order to exploit their therapeutic and diagnostic potential and to make them an appealing candidate for the commercial market1,2. Aptamers contain functional moieties that can fold into different conformation such as hairpin stem and loops, G-quadruplexes, and pseudoknots. A study led by Dr Harleen Kaur involving unique stem-loop truncation strategy was employed to find the binding domain in a 66-mer long DNA aptamer sequence against the heparin binding domain of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) protein1. The results from the work demonstrated identification of a 26-mer long aptamer sequence referred as SL2-B in the paper with improvement in the binding affinity by more than 200-folds (Kd = 0.5nM) against VEGF protein. To improve the biostability of the aptamer in the biological fluids, the phosphorothioate linkages (PS-linkages) in the phosphate backbone of the DNA were introduced at the 5’-and 3’-termini of the obtained SL2-B aptamer sequence. The PS-modified SL2-B aptamer sequence demonstrated significant improvement in the stability without comprising

scholarly journals Electrochemical biosensors in pharmaceutical analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric de Souza Gil ◽  
Giselle Rodrigues de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Increasing Demand

Given the increasing demand for practical and low-cost analytical techniques, biosensors have attracted attention for use in the quality analysis of drugs, medicines, and other analytes of interest in the pharmaceutical area. Biosensors allow quantification not only of the active component in pharmaceutical formulations, but also the analysis of degradation products and metabolites in biological fluids. Thus, this article presents a brief review of biosensor use in pharmaceutical analysis, focusing on enzymatic electrochemical sensors.

Recent Sensing Technologies for First Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Pharmaceutical Dosages and Biological Fluids: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 833-858
Author(s):  
Rajasekhar Chokkareddy ◽  
Gan G. Redhi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
First Line ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Voltammetric Techniques ◽  
Voltammetric Detection

Tuberculosis remains a global problem with a huge burden, estimated at 10.4 million new cases of infection in 2015. First line anti-tuberculosis drugs-based electrochemical sensors are being measured as an important development in the arenas of electroanalysis and are nowadays attracting the attention of several researchers. Transformation from classic electrochemical sensors which normally accept the complete value of the signal as the output, first line anti-tuberculosis drugs based electrochemical sensors retain dual electrochemical signals and the quantitative extent of target is based on the ratio of these two signals. Electrochemical methods have integral benefits over other well-established analytical procedures, this review pointing to offer an efficient summary of the newest developments in the voltammetric detection of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Moreover, the advantages and limits of these approaches are critically discussed and deliberated. The review exposes that in spite of exhausting a variation of chemically fabricated electrodes to isolate the first line anti-tuberculosis drugs, there is still a deficiency of applicability of the voltammetric techniques to measure these complexes in human body fluids, exclusively in blood plasma and pharmaceutical samples as well.

scholarly journals Carbon nanomaterials: synthesis and applications to development of electrochemical sensors in determination of drugs and compounds of clinical interest

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís S. Porto ◽  
Daniela N. Silva ◽  
Ana Elisa F. de Oliveira ◽  
Arnaldo C. Pereira ◽  
Keyller B. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Electrocatalytic Effect ◽  
Clinical Interest

AbstractIt is notorious that researches related to electrochemical sensors increased significantly due the promising characteristics that these devices present such as the possibility of obtaining information, with minimum manipulation of the studied system, in real time, and with low environmental impact. This article covers the carbon nanomaterials, presenting important aspects such as main properties, synthesis methods, and the application of these materials in the development of electrochemical sensors for the analysis of drugs and compounds of clinical interest. In this context, drug analysis is extremely important for quality control, to ensure that the medicine fulfills its role effectively without possible complications that could compromise the patient’s health and quality of life. In addition, analytical methods capable of determining compounds of clinical interest in biological fluids are extremely important for the indication of effective diagnoses. Thus, the versatility, selectivity, and portability of the electroanalytical techniques make the electrochemical sensors a favorite tool for the determination of drugs and compounds of clinical interest. It will be possible to follow in the present work that carbon nanomaterials have excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, strong adsorption capacity, high electrocatalytic effect, high biocompatibility, and high surface area. The possibility of formation of different composite materials based on carbonaceous nanomaterials that makes these materials promising for the development of analytical sensors, contributing to rapid, sensitive, and low-cost analyses can also be highlighted.

Graphene electrodes for voltammetric measurements in biological fluids

Circuit World ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Peplowski ◽  
Daniel Janczak ◽  
Grzegorz Wróblewski ◽  
Marcin Słoma ◽  
Łukasz Górski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

Purpose – The aim of this paper was to verify applicability of graphene-based sensors for voltammetric and amperometric measurements of low-concentration compounds in biological fluids. Design/methodology/approach – Using the screen printing method, electrochemical sensors were manufactured on polymethylmetacrylate foil using a paste consisting of organic solvents and graphene nanopetals. As the model of a biological fluid tear film was chosen, the compound chosen as the analyte was H2O2, which is produced in oxidation of biological compounds. Tear film analog was prepared, in which, the measurements were carried out in a wide range of concentrations to determine the oxidation potential of H2O2 through square-wave voltammetry. The second series of amperometric measurements was carried out for concentrations between 0 and 30 μM/L, which is the lower range of physiological glucose concentration in tear films. Findings – The sensors presented linearity for concentrations from 0 to 3.5 per cent. Mean linear correlation coefficient between the peak current and the concentration for the examined sensors was 0.9764. Mean sensitivity was 434.4 mA·M−1·L−1. Research limitations/implications – Results indicate a need for optimization of the sensors ' performance. Main parameters to be improved are surface area of electrodes and purity of the graphene layer, as well as uniformity of the manufacturing process to improve accuracy and repeatability of measurements. Practical implications – Technology and materials used present an opportunity for creating low-cost, miniaturized and biocompatible sensors to be used in medical monitoring. Originality/value – Printed electronics technology described was not investigated previously in the field of biological sensors and could contribute to the solving of vital medicine problems.

scholarly journals CMOS Interfaces for Internet-of-Wearables Electrochemical Sensors: Trends and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Dei ◽  
Joan Aymerich ◽  
Massimo Piotto ◽  
Paolo Bruschi ◽  
Francisco del Campo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Natural Way

Smart wearables, among immediate future IoT devices, are creating a huge and fast growing market that will encompass all of the next decade by merging the user with the Cloud in a easy and natural way. Biological fluids, such as sweat, tears, saliva and urine offer the possibility to access molecular-level dynamics of the body in a non-invasive way and in real time, disclosing a wide range of applications: from sports tracking to military enhancement, from healthcare to safety at work, from body hacking to augmented social interactions. The term Internet of Wearables (IoW) is coined here to describe IoT devices composed by flexible smart transducers conformed around the human body and able to communicate wirelessly. In addition the biochemical transducer, an IoW-ready sensor must include a paired electronic interface, which should implement specific stimulation/acquisition cycles while being extremely compact and drain power in the microwatts range. Development of an effective readout interface is a key element for the success of an IoW device and application. This review focuses on the latest efforts in the field of Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor (CMOS) interfaces for electrochemical sensors, and analyses them under the light of the challenges of the IoW: cost, portability, integrability and connectivity.

scholarly journals Why Not Glycine Electrochemical Biosensors?

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 4049
Author(s):  
Clara Pérez-Ràfols ◽  
Yujie Liu ◽  
Qianyu Wang ◽  
María Cuartero ◽  
Gastón A. Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Clinical Meaning ◽  
And Storage

Glycine monitoring is gaining importance as a biomarker in clinical analysis due to its involvement in multiple physiological functions, which results in glycine being one of the most analyzed biomolecules for diagnostics. This growing demand requires faster and more reliable, while affordable, analytical methods that can replace the current gold standard for glycine detection, which is based on sample extraction with subsequent use of liquid chromatography or fluorometric kits for its quantification in centralized laboratories. This work discusses electrochemical sensors and biosensors as an alternative option, focusing on their potential application for glycine determination in blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid, the three most widely used matrices for glycine analysis with clinical meaning. For electrochemical sensors, voltammetry/amperometry is the preferred readout (10 of the 13 papers collected in this review) and metal-based redox mediator modification is the predominant approach for electrode fabrication (11 of the 13 papers). However, none of the reported electrochemical sensors fulfill the requirements for direct analysis of biological fluids, most of them lacking appropriate selectivity, linear range of response, and/or capability of measuring at physiological conditions. Enhanced selectivity has been recently reported using biosensors (with an enzyme element in the electrode design), although this is still a very incipient approach. Currently, despite the benefits of electrochemistry, only optical biosensors have been successfully reported for glycine detection and, from all the inspected works, it is clear that bioengineering efforts will play a key role in the embellishment of selectivity and storage stability of the sensing element in the sensor.

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