Effect of Genetic Characteristics and Environmental Factors on Organosulfur Compounds in Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Grown in Andalusia, Spain

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1301-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Montaño ◽  
Victor Manuel Beato ◽  
Francisco Mansilla ◽  
Francisco Orgaz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Genetic Characteristics

scholarly journals The nutritional applications of garlic (Allium sativum) as natural feed additives in animals

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11934
Author(s):  
Jiashun Chen ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yexin Yin ◽  
Xiaokang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Stress Markers

Garlic (Allium sativum) is an essential vegetable that has been widely utilized as seasoning, flavoring, culinary and in herbal remedies. Garlic contains several characteristic organosulfur compounds, such as diallyl sulfide, allicin (diallyl thiosulphate), γ-glutamylcysteine, and S-allyl cysteine (alliin) and ajoene, which garlic has beneficial effects on inflammation, oxidative stress markers, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and endothelial function in vitro or in animal model. These bioactive molecules are also playing pivotal role in livestock and fisheries production apart from its application in humans. Supplementation of animal feed with garlic and its related products is consistent with the modern agricultural concept of organic animal husbandry. This review compiles the information describing the effects of feeding garlic and its extracts on selected performance parameters in animals (chicken, rabbits, ruminants, pigs and fish). This review may provide reference for scientists and entrepreneurs to investigate the applications of feeds added with garlic and allicin by-products for the improvement of animal husbandry and aquatic production.

REACTION OF SPRING WHEAT LINES WITH FOREIGN GENETIC MATERIAL TO THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIALLY CREATED STRESSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Pavlova ◽  
◽  
L. A. Marchenkova ◽  
R. F. Chavdar ◽  
T. G. Orlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
The Impact

The adaptive properties of spring wheat lines with foreign genetic material at the early stages of ontogenesis on the backgrounds of salinization with sodium chloride and prolonged flooding of seeds in water were evaluated. In the course of the work, different degrees of inhibition of growth processes were revealed, depending on the factor used and the genetic characteristics of the studied forms, a comprehensive (summary) assessment of the index of stability characterizing adaptability to adverse environmental factors was shown.

Mitochondrial haplogroups in Basque multiple sclerosis patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Otaegui ◽  
A Sáenz ◽  
M Martínez-Zabaleta ◽  
P Villoslada ◽  
I Fernández-Manchola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplogroups ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplogroup ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial metabolism and/or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could be, in conjunction with other genetic or environmental factors, a risk factor for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). One of these studies establishes that mitochondrial haplogroup JT is a risk factor for developing the disease, in particular the visual manifestations [optic neuritis (ON)]. Nevertheless, as distribution of these haplogroups varies between populations, the observed association may be due to a slanted sample with no physiopathological value. This hypothesis was checked with MS patients, originals from Basque country (this population has peculiar genetic characteristics) and from other Spanish regions. We concluded that such an association does not exist. By contrast, a decrease could be seen in the frequency of the JT haplogroup in the ON group and in the MS-Basque group. That trend could be a protective effect, which needs to be verified in further investigations.

scholarly journals Fluorinated Analogs of Organosulfur Compounds from Garlic (Allium sativum): Synthesis, Chemistry and Anti-Angiogenesis and Antithrombotic Studies

Molecules ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Block ◽  
Benjamin Bechand ◽  
Sivaji Gundala ◽  
Abith Vattekkatte ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Fluorinated Analogs

The use of the ‘Cryogenic’ GC/MS and on-column injection for study of organosulfur compounds of the Allium sativum

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽  
Jan W. Dembicki ◽  
Paulina Goldshlag ◽  
Lumı́r O. Hanuš ◽  
Valery M. Dembitsky
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds

Composition of organosulfur compounds from cool- and warm-type garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyoung Yoo ◽  
Sanghee Lee ◽  
Sunyoung Kim ◽  
Jin-Bong Hwang ◽  
Jinyeong Choe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds

scholarly journals Environmental Effects and Postharvest Flux of Antiplatelet Activity, Pungency, and Solids in Onion (Allium cepa)

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 543D-543
Author(s):  
Jan E.P. Debaene ◽  
I.L. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Organosulfur Compound ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Antiplatelet Activity ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Blood Platelet Aggregation

Onion is a species within the Allium genus with great culinary importance. Onion extract contains organosulfur compounds that influence pungency and inhibit blood platelet aggregation. Antiplatelet activity has the potential of reducing cardiovascular disease. Onions are typically held in postharvest storage for up to 160 days, during which time volatile organosulfur compounds may be affected. A study was conducted to evaluate antiplatelet activity, pungency, and percent solids during cold storage of onions grown in replicated plots in Wisconsin and Oregon in 1994 and 1995. Organosulfur compound concentration and antiplatelet activity were also measured in progeny derived from crosses of inbred lines contrasting for pungency grown during 1995 and 1996 in Wisconsin. For the first study, bulbs were evaluated for antiplatelet activity, percent solids and pungency at 40day intervals after harvest. Significant differences were detected for these traits among years, states, dates of sampling, and lines. During the 120-day postharvest period in 1994, antiplatelet activity increased by 25% and 80% for Oregon and Wisconsin, respectively, averaged over all lines. During the same period in 1995, antiplatelet activity decreased by 35% and 4% in the two locations. For three out of four lines, antiplatelet activity was 4.6% higher for Wisconsin than Oregon. Averaged over states, antiplatelet activity was 9.7% higher in 1994 compared to 1995. Pungency was positively correlated with antiplatelet activity in Wisconsin. Broad-sense heritabilities were calculated for antiplatelet activity and organosulfur compound concentration. These data demonstrate that environmental factors influence postharvest flux of antiplatelet activity and pungency in onion.

scholarly journals Antiviral potential of garlic (Allium sativum) and its organosulfur compounds: A systematic update of pre-clinical and clinical data

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 219-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razina Rouf ◽  
Shaikh Jamal Uddin ◽  
Dipto Kumer Sarker ◽  
Muhammad Torequl Islam ◽  
Eunus S. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds

scholarly journals Alliin, a Garlic (Allium sativum) Compound, Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saray Quintero-Fabián ◽  
Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún ◽  
Manuel Vázquez-Carrera ◽  
Rocío Ivette López-Roa
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Neuroprotective Actions

Garlic (Allium sativumL.) has been used to alleviate a variety of health problems due to its high content of organosulfur compounds and antioxidant activity. The main active component is alliin (S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide), a potent antioxidant with cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions. In addition, it helps to decrease serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and uric acid, as well as insulin resistance, and reduces cytokine levels. However its potential anti-inflammatory effect is unknown. We examined the effects of alliin in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes by RT-PCR, Western blot, and microarrays analysis of 22,000 genes. Incubation of cells for 24 h with 100 μmol/L alliin prevented the increase in the expression of proinflammatory genes, IL-6, MCP-1, and Egr-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to 100 ng/mL LPS for 1 h. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which is involved in LPS-induced inflammation in adipocytes, was decreased following alliin treatment. Furthermore, the gene expression profile by microarrays evidentiate an upregulation of genes involved in immune response and downregulation of genes related with cancer. The present results have shown that alliin is able to suppress the LPS inflammatory signals by generating an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile and by modifying adipocyte metabolic profile.

The Role of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Neurodegenerative Diseases in Older People: An Epidemiological Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rachel Tham ◽  
Tamara Schikowski
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Genetic Characteristics

Traffic-related air pollution is ubiquitous and almost impossible to avoid. It is important to understand the role that traffic-related air pollution may play in neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, particularly among older populations and at-risk groups. There is a growing interest in this area among the environmental epidemiology literature and the body of evidence identifying this role is emerging and strengthening. This review focuses on the principal components of traffic-related air pollutants (particulate matter and nitrogen oxides) and the epidemiological evidence of their contribution to common neurodegenerative diseases. All studies reported are currently observational in nature and there are mixed findings depending on the study design, assessment of traffic-related air pollutant levels, assessment of the neurodegenerative disease outcome, time period of assessment, and the role of confounding environmental factors and at-risk genetic characteristics. All current studies have been conducted in income-rich countries where traffic-related air pollution levels are relatively low. Additional longer-term studies are needed to confirm the levels of risk, consider other contributing environmental factors and to be conducted in settings where air pollution exposures are higher and at-risk populations reside and work. Better understanding of these relationships will help inform the development of preventive measures and reduce chronic cognitive and physical health burdens (cost, quality of life) at personal and societal levels.

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