Role of Dietary Vitamin E in Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rabbit’s Blood, Liver and Kidneys

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beytut ◽  
Yuce ◽  
Kamiloglu ◽  
Aksakal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E intake on lipid peroxidation (LPO) by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), vitamin E and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px: EC 1.11.1.9) activity in plasma, red blood cells (RBC), livers, and kidneys of rabbits dosed with cadmium (Cd). Six-month-old clinically healthy New Zealand White rabbits (8 in each group) were given tap water only, containing 1 g CdCl2/L, or tap water with CdCl2 plus vitamin E (100 mg dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate in 0.2 mL corn oil) daily for 30 days. The vitamin E level in the plasma, liver, and kidneys was significantly higher in the control than in the Cd-only group, and TBARS levels were significantly lower. There were no statistical differences between the control and Cd-only groups GSH-Px activities and GSH levels in RBC, liver, and kidneys. Vitamin E levels in plasma, liver, and kidneys and GSH-Px activity in RBC were higher in the vitamin E group than in both control and Cd-only groups. However, the TBARS levels of RBC, liver, and kidneys in vitamin E administered group were decreased. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the effectiveness of vitamin E in reducing oxidative stress in Cd-treated rabbits and suggests that reductions in increased TBARS due to Cd toxicity may be an important factor in the action of vitamin E.

Effects of Megadoses of Dietary Vitamin E on the Antioxidant Status of Rats Fed Lard or Salmon Oil

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flader ◽  
Brandsch ◽  
Hirche ◽  
Eder
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

This study was undertaken to investigate whether megadoses of vitamin E in the diet of rats can have pro-oxidative activity. Two experiments with rats were conducted in which both the dietary vitamin E concentration (Experiment 1: 100; 500; 3000; 10,000 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg, and Experiment 2: 100; 1000; 10,000 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg) and the type of dietary fat (lard vs. salmon oil) were varied. Experimental parameters were the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, 7beta-hydroxycholesterol, the activities of several antioxidative enzymes, the concentration of glutathione in the liver, and the lag time during copper-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Increasing the dietary vitamin E concentration to 10,000 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg led to a significant reduction of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the liver after feeding salmon oil, and also to a significant reduction in 7beta-hydroxycholesterol after feeding both dietary fats. Megadoses of vitamin E (3000 and 10,000 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg) also led to a reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase and the concentration of glutathione in the liver of rats fed salmon oil. The lag time during LDL oxidation was independent of the dietary vitamin E concentration. The study shows that megadoses of vitamin E, far from having pro-oxidative activity, actually increase the antioxidative capacity of the liver, especially after ingestion of salmon oil.

scholarly journals Lipid peroxidation status as an index to evaluate the influence of dietary fats on vitamin E requirements of young pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao H. Wang ◽  
J. Leibholz ◽  
W. L. Bryden ◽  
D. R. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Pufa ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Suitable Index

The aims of the present study were to establish a suitable criterion for estimating the vitamin E requirement for young pigs, and to investigate the influence of dietary fats on the requirement of this nutrient. In Expt 1 weaned pigs were given a semi-purified diet supplemented with 0,20, or 100 mg DL- α-tocopheryl acetate/kg. Pigs in Expt 2 were fed on diets containing 10 g sunflower oil (SO) stripped of vitamin E/kg in diets 1 and 2, 100 g SO/kg in diets 3 and 4, and 100 g tallow/kg in diet 5. Diets 2, 4 and 5 were supplemented with DL-α-tocopheryl acetate at 20 mg/kg for 0·28 d and 50 mg/kg for 29–56 d of the experiment respectively. Results showed that vitamin E concentrations in plasma and tissues reflected dietary levels of vitamin E. No apparent clinical signs of vitamin 'E deficiency were observed, but pigs fed on diets without vitamin E supplementation showed a higher (P < 0·05) lipid peroxidation status as indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in erythrocytes, and ethane and pentane levels in exhaled gases than those fed on supplemental diets. This indicated that the former was deficient in vitamin E. Data in Expt 1 suggested that supplementation with 20 mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate/kg is adequate for young pigs when the diet contains 30 g lard/kg. However, results in Expt 2 showed that this level was inadequate when the diet contains 100 g SO/kg or its equivalent to 70 mg polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/g. Vitamin E and lipid peroxidation status of pigs were affected by both dietary vitamin E and dietary PUFA. This demonstrates that the requirement for vitamin E in young pigs increases as PUFA levels in the diet increase. The present study shows that lipid peroxidation response of pigs is a suitable index to evaluate vitamin E requirements.

scholarly journals Differential Indicators of Diabetes-Induced Oxidative Stress in New Zealand White Rabbits: Role of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall L. Davis ◽  
Christy L. Lavine ◽  
Melissa A. Arredondo ◽  
Patrick McMahon ◽  
Thomas E. Tenner, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Determination of reliable bioindicators of diabetes-induced oxidative stress and the role of dietary vitamin E supplementation were investigated. Blood (plasma) chemistries, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured over 12 weeks in New Zealand White rabbits (control, diabetic, and diabetic + vitamin E). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not correlate with diabetic state. PlasmaLPOwas influenced by diabetes and positively correlated with glucose concentration only, not cholesterol or triglycerides. Liver glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity negatively correlated with glucose and triglyceride levels. Plasma and erythrocyte GPX activities positively correlated with glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations. Liver superoxide dismutase activity positively correlated with glucose and cholesterol concentration. Vitamin E reduced plasma LPO, but did not affect the diabetic state. Thus, plasmaLPOwas the most reliable indicator of diabetes-induced oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities and types of reactive oxygen species generated were tissue dependent. Diabetes-induced oxidative stress is diminished by vitamin E supplementation.

Effects of hypoxia and dietary vitamin E on growth performance and oxidative status of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham., 1822)

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tincy Varghese ◽  
Asim Kumar Pal ◽  
Narottam Prasad Sahu ◽  
Puthiyottil Mishal ◽  
Subrata Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Vitamin E is of importance for several physiological processes, some of which also apply to fish. Here, we conducted an experiment to assess the effect of environmental hypoxia and dietary vitamin E on oxidative status and tissue injury in a bottom dwelling carp,Cirrhinus mrigala(Ham., 1822). The four treatments combined oxygen availability (Normoxia/Hypoxua) and Vitamin E presence/absence. Lipid peroxidation parameters such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBAR), peroxide value (PV), polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and erythrocyte fragility were assessed. The results indicate that exposure to hypoxia elevates these parameters. However, the supplementation of vitamin E via the diet effectively reduced erythrocyte membrane damage (EF) and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), which were enhanced by the exposure to hypoxia. Dietary vitamin E also improved antioxidant enzyme status in the hypoxia exposed fish, as indicated by the decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Vitamin E supplementation also compensated for increased levels of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and an increased polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acid ratio resulting from the exposure to hypoxia. Overall, it can be concluded that fortification of vitamin E in the diet of this carp species, and possibly other fish that live under hypoxic conditions, can restore the antioxidant status and well-being to some extent.

scholarly journals Lens Lipid Peroxides and Glutathione Concentrations in Diabetic Cataract

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Özmen ◽  
I Mutaf ◽  
B Özmen ◽  
J Mentes ◽  
O Bayindir
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radical Damage

This study aims to explore the role of reactive oxygen radicals in the genesis of diabetic cataract. Lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations in senile ( n = 30) and diabetic ( n = 14) cataractous lenses, were determined as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) by a method modified from Satoh and Yagi, and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured according to Beutler. Lens LPO levels (mean, SD; nmol TBARS/g protein) were significantly higher in diabetics (107·54, 18·12) than senile cataractous subjects (53·54, 15·48) ( P < 0·0001). Lens GSH levels (mean, SD; nmol/g protein) showed no significant difference between diabetics (4·29, 2·05) and senile cataractous subjects (4·68, 3·12). These results suggest that free radical damage is more effective in the genesis of diabetic cataract than in senile cataract.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Fat Sources and Vitamin E Isoforms/Levels on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Pigs Grown to 150 Kg

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kelley ◽  
G. Rentfrow ◽  
M. Lindemann ◽  
D. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Dressing Percentage

ObjectivesThe objective was to evaluate the effect of supplementing α- and γ-tocopherol vitamin E isoforms with corn oil and tallow on carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs grown to heavier weights (>150 kg).Materials and MethodsIndividually fed pigs (n = 72; 36 barrows, 36 gilts; 28.55 ± 1.16 kg) were randomly assigned to 12 dietary treatments in a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement. Fat treatments were tallow and corn oil (5?). The vitamin E treatments included four levels of α-tocopheryl-acetate (ATA; 11, 40, 100, and 200 ppm) and two levels of mixed tocopherols (primarily γ-tocopherol; 40 and 100 ppm). Pigs were humanely slaughtered at approximately 150 kg. 45 min pH was taken at the 10th rib. After 24 h chill (4°C), carcass measurements were taken (carcass length, backfat depth at first rib, last rib, 10th rib and last lumbar, loin muscle area, and 24 h pH at the 10th rib). In addition, wholesale weights from the Boston butt (IMPS #406), shoulder picnic (IMPS #405), loin (IMPS #412), and belly (IMPS #408) and spareribs were recorded. Furthermore, bellies were divided into eight sections and the average depth was taken at each section and the vertical and lateral belly flex was measured. Drip loss was determined by suspending a 1.3cm chop at 4°C for 48 h and purge loss was determined from approximately 2kg vacuum packaged loin muscle sections at 0, 7, 14, and 30d. Objective (Hunter Lab Colorimeter XE Plus) and subjective (NPPC color, marbling and firmness scores) measurements were taken at the 10th rib. Data analysis were performed in SAS by least squares analysis of variance using the generalized linear model as a randomized complete block design. The individual pig served as the experimental unit and results were reported as least square means.ResultsThere were no differences in dressing percentage, 24 h pH, backfat depth, loin muscle area, primal cuts, purge loss, and drip loss between the two vitamin E isoforms. Fat treatments did not affect dressing percentage, 45 min and 24 h pH, backfat depth, loin muscle area, primal cuts, purge loss, drip loss as well as objective and subjective color. Although not significant (P = 0.07), pork from the γ-tocopherol pigs had a lower pH than the ATA treatment. The γ-tocopherol supplementation tended to have a lighter subjective color (P = 0.06) as well as increased L*, decreased a*, and increased the hue angle calculations at 7d shelf-life. The belly depth was greater (P = 0.01) along with higher lateral (P < 0.01) and a lower vertical (P < 0.01) flex for pigs fed tallow.ConclusionIn conclusion, feeding tallow to heavy weight pigs (150 kg) could improve belly firmness. Also, α-tocopherol did not improve shelf-life stability and γ-tocopherol could negatively affect subject and objective pork loin color.

scholarly journals Oxidative stability of tilapia feeds containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina platensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Luís Magnani Grassi ◽  
Juliana Sedlacek-Bassani ◽  
Elisa Helena Giglio Ponsano
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Oxidative Rancidity ◽  
Plastic Bags

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of microbial biomass on the oxidative rancidity of tilapia rations stored for 12 months. Treatments included a control diet and diets supplemented with either 0.01% vitamin E, 0.25 and 0.5% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 and 0.5% of Spirulina platensis. Experimental diets were stored in the dark inside plastic bags at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 months. The oxidative rancidity was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). It was concluded that the inclusions of Spirulina platensis at 0.25% (1.734 ± 0.206) and 0.5% (1.629 ± 0.181) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.5% (1.459 ± 0.305) minimized the oxidative rancidity in comparation to control diet (2.843 ± 0.109) of Nile tilapia until 12 months of storage.

scholarly journals PSV-22 Effects of different fat sources and vitamin E levels/isoforms on growth performance, antioxidant status, and fatty acid profile in the liver of pigs grown to 150 kg

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Ding Wang ◽  
Young Dal Jang ◽  
G K Rentfrow ◽  
H J Monegue ◽  
M J Azain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract The study objective was to assess the contribution of fat source and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, and fatty acid profile in the liver of pigs at heavy slaughter weight (148.09 ±1.64 kg). A total of 72 individually-fed pigs (36 barrows, 36 gilts; 28.55 ±1.16 kg) were randomly assigned to 12 dietary treatments in a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement. Fat treatments were tallow and corn-oil. The VE treatments included four levels of α-tocopheryl-acetate (ATA; 11, 40, 100, and 200 ppm) and two levels of mixed tocopherols (primarily γ-tocopherol; 40 and 100 ppm). Liver samples were collected at slaughter. Data analysis were performed by ANOVA using GLM in SAS. No effect of dietary fat sources, isoforms of VE, and levels of γ-tocopherol were detected on growth performance or liver antioxidant status (GSH, GSSG, SOD, and MDA). Increasing dietary ATA linearly increased overall ADG (0.98, 1.02, 1.02, and 1.08 kg/day; P = 0.02) from 28 to 150 kg; overall ADG of pigs fed γ-tocopherol-diets was 1.07 and 1.04 kg/day, respectively. An interaction between fat sources and ATA was observed on cumulative ADG during Phase1-3 (28-100 kg; P = 0.04) and Phase1-4 (28-125 kg; P = 0.03) wherein pigs fed corn-oil-diet, but not tallow-diet, had increased ADG with increased dietary ATA. Increasing dietary ATA quadratically increased SOD activity (P < 0.05; highest at 100 ppm), and quadratically decreased MDA content (P < 0.05; lowest at 40 ppm) in the liver. Liver fatty acid profile was affected by fat source (P < 0.05) but not VE treatment, pigs fed corn-oil-diets had less SFA (34.23 vs. 35.45%; P = 0.02) and MUFA (11.98 vs. 18.38%; P < 0.0001), but more PUFA (49.14 vs. 40.78%; P < 0.0001) than pigs fed tallow-diets in the liver. Beneficial effects of dietary VE supplementation were observed on growth performance and antioxidant status of pigs under conditions of this study.

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