scholarly journals Effects of probiotics on loperamide-induced constipation in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takio Inatomi ◽  
Mihoko Honma
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Gut Immunity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

AbstractThe role of probiotics in mitigating constipation, gut immunity, and gut microbiota has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics on loperamide (LP)-induced constipation in Sprague–Dawley rats. Altogether, 150 male Sprague–Dawley rats (age 8 weeks) were used in the experiments following a 12-day acclimatisation period and were randomly divided into three treatment groups (groups 1, 2, and 3). Spastic constipation was induced via oral LP administration (3 mg/kg) for 6 days, 1 h before administering each test compound in groups 1 and 2. A probiotic solution (4 mL/kg body weight) was orally administered once a day for 6 days in group 2. In group 1, a phosphate buffer solution was orally administered once a day for 6 days, 1 h after each LP administration. In group 3, a phosphate buffer solution was orally administered once a day for 6 days. In the probiotic group, faecal parameters improved; faecal n-butyric acid, acetic acid, and IgA concentrations were increased; intestinal transit time was shortened; and disturbance of intestinal microbiota was inhibited. Our findings suggest that this probiotic was useful in improving various symptoms caused by constipation.

scholarly journals Ethanolic Extract of Herb Pugun Tanoh (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) Modulates TCD4+ and TCD8+ Cell Profile of Doxorubicin-Induced Immuno-Suppressed Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 3774-3776
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ridwan Lubis ◽  
Reny Haryani ◽  
Safriana Safriana ◽  
Denny Satria
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Profile ◽  
Group 1

AIM: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of ethanolic extract of herb pugun tanoh on TCD4 and TCD8 cells in Doxorubicin-induced rats. METHODS: Fifteen male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups consisting of six rats each as follows: Group 1, DOX-treated rats (4.67 mg/kg BW body weight on day 1 and 4) and were administered normal saline 0.9% orally once daily for 7 consecutive days, Group 2, receiving Ethanolic Extract of Herb Pugun Tanoh (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) of dose 150 mg/kg BW orally, Group 3, receiving dose Ethanolic Extract of Herb Pugun Tanoh (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) 300 mg/kg BW orally. The rats of group 2-3 were intramuscularly administered with doxorubicin at a dose of 4.67 mg/kg BW at the days 1-4 to suppress immune functions. RESULTS: Treatment of 300 mg/kg BW of Ethanolic Extract of Herb Pugun Tanoh (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) succeeded in reducing side effect doxorubicin based on increasing the TCD4+ and TCD8+ blood level. CONCLUSION: Ethanolic Extract of Herb Pugun Tanoh (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) could increase the level of TCD4+ and TCD8+ in rats which induced by doxorubicin.

A Comparison of Arterial and Venous Flaps

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. CHOW ◽  
D. Z. CHEN ◽  
Y. D. GU
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Venous Flaps ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The survival rate and elastic properties of the anterior abdominal skin flap in Sprague-Dawley rats were studied in three groups of animals. In group 1 where the flaps were supplied by a normal artery, arterial flaps (1A) had better survival rate and elastic properties than venous flaps (1B). In group 2, where the flaps were supplied by an artery with diminished perfusion pressure, the arterial flaps (2A) still had slightly better results than venous flaps (2B). However, in group 3 where the flaps were supplied by a vein, venous flaps (3B) had better results than arterial flaps (3A).

Abstract 10770: Curcumin Mitigates the Severity of Post-Resuscitation Myocardial Dysfunction Caused by Epinephrine in a Rat Cardiac Arrest Model

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengfei Yang ◽  
Jiangang Wang ◽  
Lu Yin ◽  
Shen Zhao ◽  
Ziren Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Epinephrine significantly increases the severity of post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction (PRMD) and reduces the duration of survival. The cardioprotective effect of curcumin against catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity has been established. In the present study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on PRMD caused by epinephrine in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Hypothesis: Curcumin reduces the severity of PRMD caused by epinephrine. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 450-550g were randomized into three groups: 1) Placebo group; 2) Epinephrine (20ug/kg) group; 3) Curcumin (100 mg/kg) pretreatment + epinephrine (20ug/kg) group. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was then induced. After 8 mins of VF, CPR was initiated for 8 mins, and defibrillation was then attempted. Myocardial function was measured by echocardiography at baseline and hourly for 4 hours following successful resuscitation. Results: All animals except for two in the placebo group were resuscitated. Post-resuscitation myocardial function was significantly impaired in all animals. Significantly worse myocardial function was observed in the Epinephrine group in comparison with the two other groups (Figure). However, myocardial function was significantly better in the animals treated with curcumin when compared with those in the two other groups (Figure). Conclusion: In a rat cardiac arrest model, curcumin reduced the severity of PRMD caused by epinephrine.

scholarly journals The Effect of Resveratrol on Surgery-Induced Epidural Fibrosis in Laminectomy Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifeng Sun ◽  
Bo Miao ◽  
Hongmei Xin ◽  
Jinzhu Zhao ◽  
Guofeng Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Epidural Fibrosis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Group 1

Epidural fibrosis (EF) is a common complication for the patients who underwent laminectomy. Recently, EF is thought to cause recurrent postoperative pain after laminectomy. Resveratrol has been shown to exert its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiproliferative multifaceted properties. The object of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol on the prevention of postlaminectomy EF formation in laminectomy rats. A controlled double-blinded study was performed on 60 healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent lumbar laminectomy at the L1-L2 levels. They were divided randomly into 3 groups (1, 2, and 3) of 20 rats each—group 1: resveratrol treatment group; group 2: resveratrol dilution saline treatment group; group 3: sham group (rats underwent laminectomy without treatment). All rats were killed 4 weeks after operation. The Rydell score, hydroxyproline content, vimentin cells density, fibroblasts density, and inflammatory factors expressional levels all suggested better results in resveratrol group than the other two groups. Resveratrol is able to inhibit fibroblasts proliferation, and TGF-β1 and IL-6 expressions and prevent epidural fibrosis in postlaminectomy rat.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nanosilver Hemocompatibility in Prehypertensive Salt-Induced Animal Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-573
Author(s):  
Ogechukwu K Uche ◽  
Esiri F Ohiambe ◽  
Fabian C Amechina
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Aim: There are Conflicting reports on safety profile of nanoparticles on biological cells. This study evaluated the impact of nanosilver on hemocompatibility on salt-loaded rats. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats [(inbred) (120-140 g)] randomly divided into of 4 groups, (n = 6) were studied. Group 1(control) received normal rat chow and tap water, Group 2 received rat chow containing 8% NaCl [(salt-loaded rats (SLRs)]. Group 3 received rat chow + Nanosilver Solution (NS) 0.18 mL 10 ppm/kg/day. Group 4 comprised SLRs + NS. After 6 weeks oral gavage treatments, measurements of Blood pressure (Bp) and Heart Rate (HR) were by pressure transducer via cannulation of left common carotid artery following anaesthesia with urethane. HR was computed by the number of arterial pulse per 60 seconds. 5 ml of blood for WBC, PLATELETS, RBC, PCV, HB, MCH, MCHC and MCV analyses using automated haematology analyser and Osmotic fragility reactivity with standard spectrophotometer at 540 nm wavelength. Results: Exposure of nanosilver to normotensive rats resulted in significantly lower RBC level compared with control, whereas RBC level in Salt-Loaded Co-Treated Nanosilver (SCNS) was comparable with the SLRs. The tenet was the same for HB, PCV, MCH and MCHC. Nanosilver induced leukopenia in normotensive compared with control and prevented WBC elevation in SCNS. Platelets significantly increased in Nanosilver-Treated Normotensive Rats (NTNRs) compared with control and decreased in SCNS. Osmotic burst resistance increased in NTNRs and decreased in cells from treated groups. Conclusion: Chronic exposure of nanosilver to salt loaded rats alters haematological parameters which may worsen circulatory function and activate risk factors of cardiovascular disorders.

scholarly journals Resveratrol chemoprotective effect and COX 2 down regulation in tumor suppression in DMBA induced breast cancer in female Sprague Dawley rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Aneena Suresh ◽  
Rajat Rana ◽  
Keerthana C.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Tumor Multiplicity ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Group 2

Background: Aim of the study was to assess the Chemo protective role of Resveratrol in 7,12‑Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induced breast cancer in Female Sprague Dawley rats and its possible role in down regulation of COX 2, an enzyme known to be expressed in breast cancer tissues.Methods: A total of 40 female Sprague dawley rats (total 4 groups, n = 10 per group) 6 weeks old, group 1 on pulverized rodent diet, group 2 DMBA with diet, group 3 DMBA and diet with Resveratrol 100mcg, group 4 DMBA and diet with Resveratrol 200mcg. After 120 days experiment was terminated and tumors were analyzed for multiplicity, incidence and histology. Cox 2 expression was analyzed by Western blot analysis. Values were statistically tested using one way variance and Tukey’s comparison test.Results: Body weight and tumor volume was similar, there was remarkable high latency period for tumor onset and reduction in tumor multiplicity andincidence in resveratrol treated groups. Tumor incidence was 42.27±10.17 for Group 2, 21.91±5.87 for Group 3, 13.73±3.98 for group 4. Tumor multiplicity was reported as 0.8909±0.30 for group 2, 0.1036±0.04 for group 3, 0.04545±0.02 for group 4. Histopathological analysis revealed ductal carcinoma in group 2, minor tissue necrosis in group 3 and fibroadenoma in group 4.Conclusions: Resveratrol has chemoprevention action against DMBA induced breast cancer and suppresses COX 2 expression in breast carcinoma.

scholarly journals Preventive and therapeutic effects of relaxin on bisphosphonaterelated osteonecrosis of the jaw: an experimental study in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Develi ◽  
Sina Uckan ◽  
Burak Bayram ◽  
Kagan Deniz ◽  
Remzi Saban Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Differentiation Process ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a challenging complication of chronic bisphosphonate (BP) use. The hormone relaxin is able to induce the multistep differentiation process of human osteoclastogenesis, exhibits anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions, and promotes vasodilatation, wound healing, and angiogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of relaxin in the prevention and management of BRONJ. Material and Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in group 1 (n = 10) received relaxin and BP simultaneously for 12 weeks. Rats in group 2 (n = 10) received injections of BP for 12 weeks, followed by relaxin for another 12 weeks. Rats in group 3 (n = 10) received only BP injections, and those in group 4 (control, n = 6) received only saline. Necrosis and inflammation in the rats’ mandibles were evaluated as indicators of BRONJ. Results: Necrosis and inflammation were not detected in group 1 (BP + relaxin). In group 3 (BP only), incidence rates of necrosis and inflammation were 90% and 60%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that relaxin may be potently effective in preventing BRONJ and have some benefit in the treatment of existing BRONJ.KEYWORDSAnimal model; BRONJ; Relaxin.

VIRGIN COCONUT OIL MODULATES TCD4+ AND TCD8+ CELL PROFILE OF DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED IMMUNE-SUPPRESSED RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Profile

 Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a drug of choice in many cancer therapies. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is one of nutraceutical which has many biology activities. This current study was carried out to investigate the VCO activity in modulating TCD4+, and TCD8+ cells profile toward rats which induced by DOX.Methods: A total of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups consisting of five rats each as follows: Group 1, receiving oral saline 10 mL Kg BW (control group); Group 2, receiving oral saline 10 mL/kg BW; and Group 3, receiving VCO 5 mL/kg BW. Group 2 and 3 were administered with DOX intramuscularly at dose 4.67 mg/kg BW at day 1 and 4 to suppressed immune functions.Results: Treatment of VCO 5 mL/kg BW succeeded in reducing a side effect of DOX based on increasing the TCD4+ and TCD8+ blood level.Conclusion: The results reveal that VCO could increase the level of TCD4+ and TCD8+ in rats which induced by DOX.

Volume expansion-induced alterations in proximal tubule chloride gradient in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 237 (6) ◽  
pp. F473-F478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Galla ◽  
R. G. Luke
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tubule Fluid

To elucidate the mechanisms by which acute volume expansion (AVE) induces a decrease in proximal tubule transepithelial chloride gradient, male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied before and after AVE with Ringer lactate. In group 1, after AVE equivalent to 10% body wt, there were decreases in both tubule fluid to plasma inulin ratio ((TF/P)In) (from 2.28 +/- 0.10 to 1.57 +/- 0.05) and tubule fluid to ultrafiltrate chloride ratio ((TF/UF)Cl) (from 1.25 +/- 0.02 to 1.18 +/- 0.02). Group 2 was studied during carbonic anhydrase inhibition (CAI) produced by benzolamide before and during superimposed AVE (20% body wr). Both (TF/P)In (from 1.91 +/- 0.10 to 1.41 +/- 0.08) and (TF/UF)Cl (from 1.07 +/- 0.02 to 1.01+/- 0.01) decreased. Group 3 was studied during maintained AVE (15% body wt) as a control for group 4, in which CAI was superimposed on maintained AVE. In group 3, (TF/P)In and (TF/UF)Cl did not change, but in group 4 CAI was associated with a decrease in (TF/P)In (from 1.55 +/- 0.05 to 1.21 +/- 0.05) and in (TF/UF)Cl (from 1.16 +/- 0.01 to 1.04 +/- 0.07). These data suggest that in the superficial proximal convoluted tubule of the rat, AVE-induced alterations in transepithelial chloride gradient are dependent on a mechanism(s) other than changes in carbonic anhydrase-mediated bicarbonate reabsorption.

scholarly journals Risperidone-Induced Renal Damage and Metabolic Side Effects: The Protective Effect of Resveratrol

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedat Bilgiç ◽  
Deniz Taştemir Korkmaz ◽  
Sebile Azirak ◽  
Ayşe Nilay Güvenç ◽  
Nevin Kocaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible protective qualities of resveratrol (RSV) against the side effects of risperidone (RIS) in an experimental model in rat kidneys with histologic and biochemical assessments. Materials and Methods. Experimental procedures were performed on 35 female Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, untreated rats (n=7) were in group 1; group 2 was given 2 mg/kg/day RIS (n=7); group 3 was treated with 2 mg/kg/day RIS and 20 mg/kg/day RSV (n=7); group 4 was treated with 2 mg/kg/day RIS and 40 mg/kg/day RSV (n=7); and group 5 was treated with 2 mg/kg/day RIS and 80 mg/kg/day RSV (n=7). All treatments were administered for two weeks by gavage. On treatment day 15, kidney tissues were removed for analysis. Results. The results showed that RSV treatment reduced weight gain induced by RIS. In addition, RSV increased the total antioxidant status (TAS) and decreased serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), oxidative stress index (OSI), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion. This study revealed that treatment with RSV might protect kidney tissues against the side effects of RIS. RSV could be an effective course of therapy to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

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