scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii F-box family under cadmium stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuang Zhang ◽  
Wenmin Qiu ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Xiaojiao Han ◽  
Longhua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Sedum Alfredii ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Transgenic Yeast

AbstractThe F-box genes, which form one of the largest gene families in plants, are vital for plant growth, development and stress response. However, F-box gene family in Sedum alfredii remains unknown. Comprehensive studies addressing their function responding to cadmium stress is still limited. In the present study, 193 members of the F-box gene (SaFbox) family were identified, which were classified into nine subfamilies. Most of the SaFboxs had highly conserved domain and motif. Various functionally related cis-elements involved in plant growth regulation, stress and hormone responses were located in the upstream regions of SaFbox genes. RNA-sequencing and co-expression network analysis revealed that the identified SaFbox genes would be involved in Cd stress. Expression analysis of 16 hub genes confirmed their transcription level in different tissues. Four hub genes (SaFbox40, SaFbox51, SaFbox136 and SaFbox170) were heterologously expressed in a Cd-sensitive yeast cell to assess their effects on Cd tolerance. The transgenic yeast cells carrying SaFbox40, SaFbox51, SaFbox136, or SaFbox170 were more sensitive and accumulated more cadmium under Cd stress than empty vector transformed control cells. Our results performed a comprehensive analysis of Fboxs in S. alfredii and identified their potential roles in Cd stress response.

scholarly journals Survival Strategies of the Plant-Associated Bacterium Enterobacter sp. Strain EG16 under Cadmium Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1734-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmei Chen ◽  
Yuanqing Chao ◽  
Yaying Li ◽  
Qingqi Lin ◽  
Jun Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Conserving

ABSTRACTPlant-associated bacteria are of great interest because of their potential use in phytoremediation. However, their ability to survive and promote plant growth in metal-polluted soils remains unclear. In this study, a soilborne Cd-resistant bacterium was isolated and identified asEnterobactersp. strain EG16. It tolerates high external Cd concentrations (Cd2+MIC, >250 mg liter−1) and is able to produce siderophores and the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), both of which contribute to plant growth promotion. Surface biosorption in this strain accounted for 31% of the total Cd accumulated. The potential presence of cadmium sulfide, shown by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, suggested intracellular Cd binding as a Cd response mechanism of the isolate. Cd exposure resulted in global regulation at the transcriptomic level, with the bacterium switching to an energy-conserving mode by inhibiting energy-consuming processes while increasing the production of stress-related proteins. The stress response system included increased import of sulfur and iron, which become deficient under Cd stress, and the redirection of sulfur metabolism to the maintenance of intracellular glutathione levels in response to Cd toxicity. Increased production of siderophores, responding to Cd-induced Fe deficiency, not only is involved in the Cd stress response systems of EG16 but may also play an important role in promoting plant growth as well as alleviating the Cd-induced inhibition of IAA production. The newly isolated strain EG16 may be a suitable candidate for microbially assisted phytoremediation due to its high resistance to Cd and its Cd-induced siderophore production, which is likely to contribute to plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome combined with metabolome analyses revealed key factors involved in nitric oxide (NO)-regulated cadmium stress adaptation in tall fescue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Huihui Zhu ◽  
Honglian Ai ◽  
Zhengrong Hu ◽  
Dongyun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
No Donor

Abstract Background It has been reported that nitric oxide (NO) could ameliorate cadmium (Cd) toxicity in tall fescue; however, the underlying mechanisms of NO mediated Cd detoxification are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of Cd detoxification process by comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. Results The application of Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as NO donor decreased the Cd content of tall fescue by 11% under Cd stress (T1 treatment), but the Cd content was increased by 24% when treated with c-PTIO together with L-NAME (T2 treatment). RNA-seq analysis revealed that 904 (414 up- and 490 down-regulated) and 118 (74 up- and 44 down-regulated) DEGs were identified in the T1 vs Cd and T2 vs Cd comparisons, respectively. Moreover, metabolite profile analysis showed that 99 (65 up- and 34-down- regulated) and 131 (45 up- and 86 down-regulated) metabolites were altered in the T1 vs Cd and T2 vs Cd comparisons, respectively. The integrated analyses of transcriptomic and metabolic data showed that 81 DEGs and 15 differentially expressed metabolites were involved in 20 NO-induced pathways. The dominant pathways were involved in antioxidant activities such as glutathione metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, secondary metabolites such as flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and nitrogen metabolism. Conclusions In general, the results revealed that there are three major mechanisms regulated by NO in Cd stress response in tall fescue: (a) antioxidant capacity enhancement; (b) accumulation of secondary metabolites related to cadmium chelation and sequestration; and (c) regulation of cadmium ion transportation, such as ABC transporter activation. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the NO-mediated cadmium stress response.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of MYB Gene Family Reveals Their Potential Functions in Cadmium Stress Response and the Regulation of Cannabinoid Biosynthesis in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yin ◽  
Gen Pan ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Lining Zhao ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Potential Functions ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Specific Expression

Abstract Backgroud: Heavy metal pollutant, Cadmium (Cd), is an inorganic pollutant in China. Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an important fiber crop to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils. The MYB family is one of the largest and most important gene families that influences plant growth and produce secondary metabolites. Results: 115 CsMYB genes were identified in the hemp genome. The 1R-MYB subfamily had 17 genes, the 2R-MYB subfamily 88 genes, and the 3R-MYB subfamily 8 genes. The synteny analysis of the CsMYB genes indicated that there were 3 pairs of tandem repeats, 21 pairs of segmental duplication, 6 CsMYB genes present before species differentiation, and 60 genes belonging to the hemp-specific CsMYB genes. 7 CsMYB genes were identified to influence the response to Cd stress by combining the transcriptome data of two hemp species under Cd stress. Based on the changes in the Cannabinoid content of hemp under Cd stress, the expression of different CsMYB genes in hemp with high and low cannabidiol (CBD) contents, and tissue-specific expression, it was inferred that CsMYB024 may be affected by Cd stress and mediate the CBD synthesis pathway.Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the hemp MYB family. These results should be helpful in understanding of their potential functions in Cd-Stress Response and the Regulation of Cannabinoid Biosynthesis in Hemp. In addition, lays the foundation for the further study of biological functions of CsMYBs in hemp.

scholarly journals Novel Bacillus cereus Strain, ALT1, Enhance Growth and Strengthens the Antioxidant System of Soybean under Cadmium Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Atlaw Anbelu Sahile ◽  
Muhammad Aaqil Khan ◽  
Muhammad Hamayun ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Sang-Mo Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Soybean Plants

Cadmium stress significantly decreases agricultural productivity worldwide. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are eco-friendly and inexpensive tool for mitigating heavy metal stress in crops. We isolated rhizospheric bacteria and screened them for various plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits as well as Cd tolerance. Only 6 bacterial isolates out of 55 assessed showed multiple PGP traits in response to different Cd concentrations. The Bacillus cereus ALT1 strain showed high tolerance to increased Cd amounts in the culture medium, while secreting indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and organic acids into the culture medium. High Cd concentrations (0.7 mM, 1.4 mM, and 2.1 mM) reduced soybean shoot and root length, root/shoot fresh and dry weight, as well as chlorophyll content; however, inoculation with the bacterial isolate ALT1 mitigated Cd stress and enhanced both soybean growth parameters and chlorophyll content. It also decreased abscisic acid (ABA) amounts, enhanced salicylic acid (SA) production, and promoted antioxidant response by increasing total proteins (TP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while decreasing glutathione (GSH) content, lipid peroxidation (LPO), peroxidase (POD), superoxide anion (SOA), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in soybean plants. In addition, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) showed that soybean plants treated with the bacterial isolate ALT1 enhanced K uptake and decreased Cd amounts in comparison to control plants. The present study reveals that Cd-tolerant bacterial isolate ALT1 can alleviate Cd toxicity on plants by increasing their growth, thus imposing itself as an eco-friendly bio-fertilizer under Cd stress.

scholarly journals Physiological and Transcriptomic Response of Grey Poplar (Populus ×Canescens Aiton Sm.) to Cadmium Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Komarkova ◽  
Jakub Chromy ◽  
Eva Pokorna ◽  
Petr Soudek ◽  
Pavlina Machova
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Stress Response Genes ◽  
Most Significant Change ◽  
As Stress

Abstract Background: Populus ×canescens (Aiton) Sm. is a fast-growing woody plant belonging to the family Salicaceae. Thanks to its deep root system and fast growth rate, two poplar genotypes (TP11 and TP20) was chosen to be characterized and tested for a physiological and transcriptomic response to Cd stress.Results: Both sexual and clonal reproduction are common in grey poplar. Thus, to reveal its genetic structure, two selected poplar genotypes characterized by unique phenotypic traits were distinguished by microsatellite analysis. A comparative analysis of the effects of exposure to high cadmium (Cd) concentrations on the physiological response of TP11 and TP20 was performed. After 2 and 10 days, 10 µM and 100 µM Cd were added to the nutrient solution of poplar plants grown in perlite. Neither tested Cd concentration negatively affected plant growth; however, the chlorophyll content significantly decreased. According to mineral uptake analysis, the potassium (K) content was higher in the shoots than in the roots. The calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations were only slightly affected by Cd treatment. The zinc (Zn) content in the shoots of TP20 was lower than that in the shoots of TP11. Moreover, the amount of Zn was slightly higher in the shoots of both genotypes after 10 days of Cd treatment compared to the control conditions. Cd accumulation was higher in the roots than in the shoots. After 2 days of 100 µM Cd treatment, TP11 accumulated significantly more Cd in the roots than TP20. After 10 days of exposure, 10 µM Cd resulted in comparable amounts of Cd in the roots and shoots of TP20, which was reflected in a translocation factor (TF) value greater than 1. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses were used to examine the expression profiles of selected stress-response genes in the roots and shoots of plants exposed to Cd. The most significant change in transcript amount was observed in endochitinase 2, 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1 and phi class glutathione S-transferase, which have been characterized as stress-response genes.Conclusions: Our study provided new insights for effective assessing the ability of different poplar genotypes to tolerate Cd stress and underlying Cd tolerance.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of MYB Gene Family Reveals Their Potential Functions in Cadmium Stress Response and the Regulation of Cannabinoid Biosynthesis in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ming yin ◽  
gen pan ◽  
jie tao ◽  
lining zhao ◽  
zheng li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Potential Functions ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Specific Expression

Abstract Backgroud: Heavy metal pollutant, Cadmium (Cd), is an inorganic pollutant in China. Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an important fiber crop to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils. The MYB family is one of the largest and most important gene families that influences plant growth and produce secondary metabolites. Results: 115 CsMYB genes were identified in the hemp genome. The 1R-MYB subfamily had 17 genes, the 2R-MYB subfamily 88 genes, and the 3R-MYB subfamily 8 genes. The synteny analysis of the CsMYB genes indicated that there were 3 pairs of tandem repeats, 21 pairs of segmental duplication, 6 CsMYB genes present before species differentiation, and 60 genes belonging to the hemp-specific CsMYB genes. 7 CsMYB genes were identified to influence the response to Cd stress by combining the transcriptome data of two hemp species under Cd stress. Based on the changes in the Cannabinoid content of hemp under Cd stress, the expression of different CsMYB genes in hemp with high and low cannabidiol (CBD) contents, and tissue-specific expression, it was inferred that CsMYB024 may be affected by Cd stress and mediate the CBD synthesis pathway.Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the hemp MYB family. These results should be helpful in understanding of their potential functions in Cd-Stress Response and the Regulation of Cannabinoid Biosynthesis in Hemp. In addition, lays the foundation for the further study of biological functions of CsMYBs in hemp.

scholarly journals Influence of PGPB Inoculation on HSP70 and HMA3 Gene Expression in Switchgrass under Cadmium Stress

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begum ◽  
Hu ◽  
Cai ◽  
Lou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Acetic Acid Production

This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression of HSP70 and HMA3 in the switchgrass inoculated with plant-growth-promoting-bacteria (PGPB) under cadmium (Cd) stress and to observe the benefit of PGPB in plant growth and development. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture and treated with PGPB inoculants: Pseudomonas grimontii, Pantoea vagans, Pseudomonas veronii, and Pseudomonas fluorescens with the strains Bc09, So23, E02, and Oj24, respectively. The experimental results revealed that HSP70 and HMA3 genes expressed highly in the PGPB-inoculated plants under Cd stress. In addition, the expression of HSP70 and HMA3 genes was considerably higher in the first two days after successive four-day exposure of Cd in plants compared to the last two days of exposure. Increased biomass and indole-3-acetic-acid production with reduced Cd accumulation were observed in the PGPB-inoculated plants under Cd stress compared to the Cd-control plants. These PGPB, with their beneficial mechanisms, protect plants by modifying the gene expression profile that arises during Cd-toxic conditions and increased the healthy biomass of switchgrass. This demonstrates there is a correlation among the growth parameters under Cd stress. The PGPB in this study may help to intensify agriculture by triggering mechanisms to encourage plant growth and development under heavy metal stress.

scholarly journals Jasmonic acid (JA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) mitigated Cd-toxicity in chickpea plants through restricted cd uptake and oxidative stress management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaiz Ahmad ◽  
Vaseem Raja ◽  
Muhammed Ashraf ◽  
Leonard Wijaya ◽  
Andrzej Bajguz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cadmium Contamination ◽  
Relative Water

AbstractCadmium stress is one of the chief environmental cues that can substantially reduce plant growth. In the present research, we studied the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) applied individually and/or in combination to chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants exposed to 150 µM cadmium sulphate. Cadmium stress resulted in reduced plant growth and pigment contents. Moreover, chickpea plants under cadmium contamination displayed higher levels of electrolytic leakage, H2O2, and malonaldehyde, as well as lower relative water content. Plants primed with JA (1 nM) and those foliar-fed with GA3 (10–6 M) showed improved metal tolerance by reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde and electrolytic leakage, and increasing relative water content. . Osmoprotectants like proline and glycinebetaine increased under cadmium contamination. Additionally, the enzymatic activities and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels increased markedly under Cd stress, but application of JA as well as of GA3 further improved these attributes. Enzymes pertaining to the ascorbate glutathione and glyoxylase systems increased significantly when the chickpea plants were exposed to Cd. However, JA and GA3 applied singly or in combination showed improved enzymatic activities as well as nutrient uptake, whereas they reduced the metal accumulation in chickpea plants. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that JA and GA3 are suitable agents for regulating Cd stress resistance in chickpea plants.

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