scholarly journals Strong association of glaucoma with atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqin Song ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Yunfeng Li ◽  
Xinfeng Yan ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Main Index ◽  
Preventive Effects

AbstractCarbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze the synthesis of HCO3- from H2O and CO2. The dysfunction of CAs leads to aqueous humor secretion and high intraocular pressure to cause glaucoma pathogenesis. Methazolamide (MTZ), a CA inhibitor, can effectively treat glaucoma by reducing aqueous humor secretion. We previously reported that carbonic anhydrase I (CA1), a CA family member, was highly expressed in atherosclerotic tissues of the aorta and stimulated atherosclerosis (AS) by promoting calcification. MTZ showed therapeutic and preventive effects on AS in a mouse model. The above findings suggest a relationship between AS and glaucoma. This study explored the possible association between AS prevalence and glaucoma prevalence and the therapeutic effect of MTZ on AS by analyzing medical records. Among 10,751 patients with a primary diagnosis of glaucoma, 699 (6.5%) were also diagnosed with AS. However, the incidences of AS in patients with keratitis and scleritis, which are also ophthalmic diseases, were 2.5% (206/8383 patients) and 3.5% (46/1308 patients), respectively. In the population without ophthalmic records, the AS prevalence was only 1.9% (99,416/5,168,481 patients) (all p values between each group were below 0.001). Among 152,425 patients with a primary diagnosis of AS, 1245 (0.82%) were also diagnosed with glaucoma. Among 199,782 patients with a primary diagnosis of hypertension (excluding AS), 1149 (0.57%) were diagnosed with glaucoma, and among 5,313,433 patients without AS or hypertension, 9513 (0.18%) were diagnosed with glaucoma (all p values between each group were below 0.001). Additionally, among 14 patients who suffered from both AS and glaucoma and were treated with MTZ to cure their glaucoma, 9 of them showed reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, the main index of AS, within 3 months after medication use (2.81 ± 0.61 mmol/L vs. 2.38 ± 0.58 mmol/L, p = 0.039). The above findings demonstrated a strong relation between AS and glaucoma and suggested that AS patients with glaucoma were more likely to suffer from angle-closure glaucoma.

scholarly journals Strong Association of Glaucoma with Atherosclerosis and Potential Therapeutic Effect of Methazolamide on Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianQin Song ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Yunfeng Li ◽  
Xinfeng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Main Index

Abstract Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze the synthesis of HCO3− from H2O and CO2. The dysfunction of CAs leads to aqueous humor secretion and high intraocular pressure to cause glaucoma pathogenesis. Methazolamide (MTZ), a CA inhibitor, can effectively treat glaucoma by reducing aqueous humor secretion. We previously reported that carbonic anhydrase I (CA1), a CA family member, was highly expressed in atherosclerotic tissues of the aorta and stimulated atherosclerosis (AS) by promoting calcification. MTZ showed therapeutic and preventive effects on AS in a mouse model. The above findings suggest a relationship between AS and glaucoma. This study explored the possible association between AS prevalence and glaucoma prevalence and the therapeutic effect of MTZ on AS by analyzing medical records. Among 10751 patients with a primary diagnosis of glaucoma, 699 (6.5%) were also diagnosed with AS. However, the incidence of AS in patients with keratitis and scleritis, which are ophthalmic diseases, was 2.5% (206/8383 patients) and 3.5% (46/1308 patients), respectively. In the population without ophthalmic records, the AS prevalence was only 1.9% (99416/5168481 patients). Among 152425 patients with a primary diagnosis of AS, 1245 (0.82%) were also diagnosed with glaucoma. Among 199782 patients with a primary diagnosis of hypertension (excluding AS), 1149 (5.7‰) were diagnosed with glaucoma, and among 5313433 patients without AS or hypertension, 9513 (1.8‰) were diagnosed with glaucoma. Our study also found that AS patients with glaucoma were more likely to suffer from angle-closure glaucoma, Additionally, Among 14 patients who suffered from both AS and glaucoma and were treated with MTZ to cure their glaucoma, 9 people showed reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, the main index of AS, within 3 months after medication use (2.81 ± 0.61 mmol/L VS 2.38 ± 0.58 mmol/L, p = 0.039). The above findings show a strong relation between AS and glaucoma and support that MTZ can be considered a potential therapy to treat AS.

scholarly journals Bilberry Anthocyanins Ameliorate NAFLD by Improving Dyslipidemia and Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3252
Author(s):  
Hironobu Nakano ◽  
Shusong Wu ◽  
Kozue Sakao ◽  
Taichi Hara ◽  
Jianhua He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Preventive Effects

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a manifestation of metabolic syndrome closely linked to dyslipidemia and gut microbiome dysbiosis. Bilberry anthocyanins (BA) have been reported to have preventive effects against metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of BA in a Western diet (WD)-induced mouse model. The results revealed that supplementation with BA attenuated the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), fat content in liver, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) caused by WD. Furthermore, gut microbiota characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that BA reduced remarkably the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) and modified gut microbiome. In particular, BA increased the relative abundance of g_Akkermansia and g_Parabacteroides. Taken together, our data demonstrated that BA might ameliorate WD-induced NAFLD by attenuating dyslipidemia and gut microbiome dysbiosis.

The Relationship Between Intensity of Physical Activity and HDL Cholesterol in 272 Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. LeCheminant ◽  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
Bruce W. Bailey ◽  
Travis Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Measured Intensity

Purpose:To determine objectively measured intensity of physical activity (iPA) and its relationship to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the LDL/HDL ratio in women.Methods:Two hundred seventy-two women (40.1 y) wore CSA-MTI model 7164 accelerometers to index intensity and volume of physical activity for 7 d. Blood lipids were measured at a certified laboratory.Results:HDL-C was 52.1 ± 10.1, 52.2 ± 9.7, and 56.1 ± 11.1 mg/dL for the low, medium, and high intensity groups (P = 0.040), LDL-C differences were not significant (P = 0.23). LDL/HDL differences were observed (P = 0.030) with specific differences between the low and high iPA groups (P = 0.006). For HDL-C and LDL/HDL, significant relationships remained with control of dietary fat and age but not body fat percentage or volume of activity.Conclusions:High iPA had higher HDL-C levels and lower LDL/HDL ratios than low and medium iPA. The iPA was predictive of HDL-C partly due to its strong association with volume of activity and body fat percentage.

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia in Psoriasis: A Case Controlled Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Nakhwa ◽  
R. Rashmi ◽  
K. H. Basavaraj
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Psoriasis Area Severity Index

Multiple observational studies have demonstrated associations of psoriasis with metabolic syndrome including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis. However there is paucity of Indian studies on dyslipidemia in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to assess the serum lipids in psoriasis and to investigate the association of lipids with disease severity and its duration. 100 cases of psoriasis (75/M, 25/F), between 15 and 72 years, were recruited with age and sex matched 73 controls. Using Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) cases were graded into mild, moderate, and severe psoriasis. Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed using enzymatic method. Using independent t-test, significant elevation of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and very low density lipoprotein was observed (P<0.05) when compared to controls. The levels of low density lipoproteins were comparable in cases and controls. Lipid aberrations in hypertensive patients were significant. There was a decrease in HDL levels with increase in disease severity. A fall in the levels of HDL was seen in cases with long term psoriasis. There is a strong association of dyslipidemia with psoriasis. There exist racial and ethnic variation in the prevalence of psoriasis; however, dyslipidemia is consistently seen in diverse population. Whether genetic factors are implicated in lipid derangements in psoriasis needs further research.

scholarly journals The Utility of Echocardiography for Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Edward T. Ha ◽  
Marc Cohen ◽  
Paul J. Fields ◽  
Jessie Van Daele ◽  
Theodore J. Gaeta
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Demographic Attributes ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The objectives were to assess factors associated with a higher likelihood of predicting acute coronary atherothrombosis (ACA) in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), evaluate the impact of adding echocardiographic data, and develop an algorithm that would reduce overutilization of emergent angiography. Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed on a patient cohort presenting to an emergency department of an urban community hospital with NSTEMI from October 1, 2015, to July 31, 2018. The inclusion criterion was any adult patient with a first-time, primary diagnosis of NSTEMI without high-risk features. The main outcome variables were the presence of ACA on angiography. Results: Seventy-three patients with NSTEMI were included in this study. Logistic regression analysis identified the following independent variables useful for predicting ACA: age, wall motion abnormality on echo, and levels of low-density lipoprotein. The model’s overall fit was highly significant ( P = .0012). Conclusion: An integrative approach was demonstrated for the management of patients with NSTEMI presenting to the hospital. Although the positive predictive value of echo in predicting ACA was limited, when combined with demographic attributes and risk factors, it proved to be successful in determining the need for angiography in patients with NSTEMI.

scholarly journals Optimal Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels In Adults Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Including More Than 4 Million Individuals From South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hye Huh ◽  
Sang Wook Park ◽  
Tae-Hwa Go ◽  
Dae Ryong Kang ◽  
Sang-Hak Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Although the strong association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well-known, the threshold LDL-C level at which the risk of CVD begins to increase in individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between incident CVD and serum LDL-C levels with or without statin use in individuals without DM. Methods: We identified 4,182,117 individuals without previous CVD who underwent a health screening examination in 2009 and 2011 from the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort database. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular deaths, myocardial infarction (MI) cases, and ischemic stroke cases. Results: During the median follow-up of 6 years, there were 51,961 CVD events that included 17,392 MI cases, 33,779 ischemic stroke cases, and 2,039 cardiovascular deaths. The LDL-C levels that were associated with an increased risk of CVD were ≥100 mg/dL in non-statin users and ≥130 mg/dL in statin users. However, even in individuals with lower LDL-C levels, all those with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels ≥110 mg/dL had a significantly higher risk of CVD.Conclusions: We demonstrated that LDL-C levels ≥100 mg/dL were correlated with an increased risk of CVD in individuals without DM and a history of CVD. We found that a glucose, cholesterol interaction increased CVD risk, and modestly elevated FPG levels (110–125 mg/dL) were associated with a higher CVD risk even in individuals with well-controlled LDL-C levels.

scholarly journals Heat-shock protein gene polymorphisms and the risk of nephropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Buraczynska ◽  
Andrzej Swatowski ◽  
Kinga Buraczynska ◽  
Michal Dragan ◽  
Andrzej Ksiazek
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Increased Risk

HSPs (heat-shock proteins) are molecular chaperones synthesized under stress conditions, and are involved in renal cell survival and matrix remodelling in acute and chronic renal diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether the HSP70 gene polymorphisms affect susceptibility to DN (diabetic nephropathy) in patients with T2DM (Type 2 diabetes mellitus). The study group consisted of 452 patients with nephropathy. Two control subgroups involved 340 healthy individuals and 132 patients with T2DM lasting ≥10 years who were free of nephropathy. Subjects were genotyped for the HSP70-1 +190 G/C and −110 A/C, HSP70-2 +1267 A/G and HSP70-hom +2437 T/C polymorphisms by PCR, followed by digestion with restriction endonucleases. There were no statistically significant differences in genotype distribution between patients with T2DM with DN and controls for the HSP70-hom polymorphism. Significant differences were observed for HSP70-1 and HSP70-2 polymorphisms. CC homozygotes of the −110 and +190 HSP70-1 polymorphisms were more frequent in patients with T2DM with DN compared with healthy controls (22 compared with 6% and 15 compared with 6.5% respectively; P<0.01). The OR (odds ratio) for the risk allele was 2.17 [95% CI (confidence interval), 1.73–2.72] for the −110 A/C and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.40–2.15) for +190 G/C polymorphisms. A strong association with DN was found for the +1267 HSP70-2 polymorphism. The GG genotype and the G allele were associated with DN, with the OR for the G allele being 4.77 (95% CI, 3.81–5.96). All GG homozygotes in the patient group had higher LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol levels than AA homozygotes (P<0.01), suggesting that the observed effect might be associated with this cardiovascular risk factor. These patients progressed faster to end-stage renal failure than those with other genotypes. In conclusion, our results indicate that the HSP70-1 and HSP70-2 polymorphisms are associated with renal complications in T2DM and may be useful in identifying patients with increased risk of DN.

scholarly journals Association Between CST3 Gene Polymorphisms and Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarong Ding ◽  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Yuesong Pan ◽  
Xia Meng ◽  
Xianglong Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Stroke Registry

Objective: Cystatin C, a marker of atherosclerosis, is encoded by CST3. We aimed to evaluate whether two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CST3 are correlated with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke (LAAS) and prognosis.Methods: This subgroup analysis of the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III) enrolled acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients within 7 days from August 2015 to March 2018 in China. rs13038305 and rs911119 of CST3 were selected based on the strong association with cystatin C concentration.Results: Two loci of CST3 (rs13038305 and rs911119) were analyzed in 3,833 ischemic stroke patients. Carriers of T allele in rs13038305 and C allele in rs911119 tend to have lower serum cystatin C levels (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with C/C as a reference in rs13038305, odds ratio (OR) of T/T was 0.486, 95% CI 0.237–0.994, p = 0.048. Per C allele of rs13038305 also showed an increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), β (95% CI) was 1.335 (1.008–1.250), p = 0.044. No correlation was found between the selected SNPs and stroke prognosis (functional outcome, recurrence, and mortality).Conclusions: Carriers of the T allele in rs13038305 tend to have a lower proportion of LAAS. rs13038305 and rs911119 polymorphisms were likely to affect cystatin C concentration independently of kidney function.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Jha ◽  
Sanjay Nath Jha ◽  
Vinayanand Jha ◽  
Krishna Kumar Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) both are known to have adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Available studies have shown variable results on the association of SCH with MetS as well as individual components of MetS. We aimed to study the association of SCH with MetS and its individual components of MetS. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in individuals volunteered for health checkup at Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar. About 60 cases with MetS and 120 controls without having MetS were recruited. Demographic data such as history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference and serum T3, serum T4, thyroid stimulating hormone, fasting blood sugar, fasting lipid profile, and hemoglobin A1c were collected and statistically analyzed. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS sav software packages. Chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative data. Results: SCH was present in 52 (28.9%) among 180 study participants. SCH was present in 35 (58.33%) participants having MetS and in 17 (14.16%) of controls. There was a strong association between SCH and MetS (p<0.001). Significant association of SCH with diastolic BP (p=0.017) and with central obesity (p=0.004) was observed but not with high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, hyperglycemia, systolic BP, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: We observed a strong association of SCH with MetS. We also observed significant association of SCH with diastolic BP and with obesity. The finding of this study indicates the need to screen individuals with MetS for SCH.

Association Serum Lipid Profile with Glutathione S- Transferas M and T genes Polymorphisms in Hypertension of Post-Menopausal Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulla Abd Alsattar Alriyahee ◽  
Methaq J Al-Jboori ◽  
Mona N N Al-Terehi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
And Control

Hypertension has been the most health problem in the world; it caused morbidity and mortality by its complications, some factors contributed in incidence this disease. The present study as cried out to investigate lipid profile types levels in post menopause women suffered from hypertension. Samples and data were collected from patinas and control, then lipid profile cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) , Triglycerides (TG) , Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL). The results show that mean of age was 58.135±9.595 and 50.4±5.834 for patient and control respectively, body mass index was 31.61±6.86, 29.99±3.81 for patients and control respectively. More patients were overweight 48.27% and 40.54% of them have age less than 50 years. About 53.57% of patients had duration rang 5-10 years. The lipid profile levels were significant elevation in patients than control except TG , it were 447.83, 193, 414.43, 64.61 mg\dl for CHO, HDL, TG, LDL and VLDL respectively, The lipid profile levels positive associated with BMI in significant differences but didn’t association with age and duration of disease. This results concluded that there was strong association between blood pressure and lipid profile level in post- menopausal women and this related with BMI in Iraq the genotyping of GST genes GSTM and GSTT show significant differences between GSTT deletion and normal in patients and control , 83.73% of patients GSTT gene was deleted. the deletion in GSTM was high in patients than control (32.43%). Pattern of two genes which represented by two genes normal or two genes deleted show significant differences between study groups about 24.32% of patients had two genes deleted and low percentage of it (10.81%) had normal genes. When analysis normal gene with deleted gene for GSTM and GSTT , there was no significant differences between groups.

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