scholarly journals Selection of high-yielding pea varieties in the conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe zone of the Bashkortostan Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Firzinat Davletov ◽  
Karina Gainullina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
State Register ◽  
Unfavourable Weather ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Peas have become the most important leguminous crop worldwide. Large areas in Russia are used for pea growing. Unfavourable weather and climatic conditions often lead to a significant yield decline. There is an urgent need to develop new high-yielding varieties adapted to local conditions. The current paper presents the results of long-term breeding of modern pea cultivars Chishminsky 229, Pamiati Hangildina, Pamiati Popova, meeting the requirements of agricultural production. The research was conducted in the Bashkir Agricultural Research Institute. The varieties were bred by repeated single selection based on intervariety hybridization. Chishminsky 229 and Pamiati Hangildina cultivars are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. Pamiati Popova is currently undergoing state variety testing. According to the comparative testing in 2016-2020, the excess yield compared to Chishminsky 95 standard variety was 2.1 c/ha for Chishminsky 229 variety, 1.9 c/ha for Pamiati Hangildina cultivar, and 3.2 c/ha for Pamiati Popova cultivar.

Perspectives of the advanced functional using of some ornamental bushy crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
V.M. Yezhov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Dubrovskyi ◽  
O.Yu. Ansieiev ◽  
O.A. Olenich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Common Lilac ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Selection Of

The authors present the results of the collection’s formation of some ornamental shrubs, long-term phenological observations of them and the selection of the best forms and breeding hybrids in the Left-Bank Lisosteppe of Ukraine. In particular, the characteristic of the vegetation of 20 varieties of common lilac collection is given. The estimation of the terms and duration of the crop flowering enable to divide its varieties into groups of early, average and late flowering. The high decorative value of most of the strains has been described as well as their resistance to low temperatures and pests. The additional analysis of the latest literature data has shown the significant yield of aromatic substances in the common lilac plant, with the predominance of alkanes and lilac alcohol. The results have been presented of 70 rose cultivars of adaptation to the growing zone conditions. There are 20 promise varieties of the crop, which are characterized by high decorative value, resistance to pathogens and low temperatures and duration of flowering. The characteristics of the new variety of roses of the floribunda group – Olexandra has been given created by the authors. Along side with the high decorative value, different types of the rose plant provide the significant yield of aromatic substances with the domination of alkanes, monoterpenes and 2-phenylethanol. The analysis of the literature data also has shown the presence of aromatic substances in the jasmine and mock-orange plants. The first is characterized with esters based on benzene, cis-jasmon and isophytol, the second – with some sesquiterpenes and epi-13-manol. The further research included the phenological evaluation of the of white cedar and juniper collection. The best selected forms were characterized with decorativeness, resistance to frost, pests and pathogens. The literature data have shown, that the aromatic complex of the crops cultures includes mainly monoterpenes and their derivatives – alcohols and ketones. As a result, it was concluded that it is necessary to expand research with ornamental bushy crops in the direction of evaluating of their aromatic properties.

scholarly journals Selection of Oviposition Sites by Libelloides coccajus (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae), North of the Alps: Implications for Nature Conservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Markus Müller ◽  
Jürg Schlegel ◽  
Bertil O. Krüsi
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Northern Switzerland ◽  
Road Verge ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Oviposition Sites ◽  
Selection Of

(1) The survival of peripheral populations is often threatened, especially in a changing environment. Furthermore, such populations frequently show adaptations to local conditions which, in turn, may enhance the ability of a species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In conservation biology, peripheral populations are therefore of particular interest. (2) In northern Switzerland and southern Germany, Libelloides coccajus is an example of such a peripheral species. (3) Assuming that suitable oviposition sites are crucial to its long-term survival, we compared oviposition sites and adjacent control plots with regard to structure and composition of the vegetation. (4) Vegetation structure at and around oviposition sites seems to follow fairly stringent rules leading to at least two benefits for the egg clutches: (i) reduced risk of contact with adjacent plants, avoiding delayed drying after rainfall or morning dew and (ii) reduced shading and therefore higher temperatures. (5) Furthermore, the study showed that it is possible to successfully create secondary habitats for L. coccajus, as shown by a road verge in one of our study areas. It is likely that other artificial habitats such as abandoned gravel pits and quarries may also provide suitable habitats.

scholarly journals An evaluation of defluoridation technologies in the context of decision-making strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann C Fantin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Specific Community ◽  
The Government ◽  
Selection Of

Fluoride can be considered beneficial or harmful to human health dependant on the amount that is ingested. Many methods exist for the removal of excessive fluoride from drinking water; however, not all defluoridation methods are appropriate for the specific local conditions that may be present within a community. The objective of this research project is to evaluate various available defluoridation technologies against characteristics of a successful and sustainable technology, while considering decision-making strategies that may be employed by those selecting an appropriate defluoridation method to suit the characteristics of the specific community that is affected by fluoride-impacted drinking water. An evaluation of the selected defluoridation technologies supports the notion that there is not an all-encompassing defluoridation technology that would be applicable to all types of situations in which fluoride impacted groundwater is a concern. Water treatment methods for developing countries require careful consideration and selection of a sustainable solution so as to provide long-term benefits and applicability. Formal decision-making strategies would be useful tools at the government level to provide a starting point to determine which available defluoridation methods would be viable at the end user level. Researchers, government officials and, most importantly, local inhabitants of suffering areas must work together to achieve the common goal of clean and safe potable water.

scholarly journals Selection Of Local And Introduced Apricot Varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Karshiev Alisher Esonovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this article is to select from the existing collection orchards of apricot such varieties that are resistant to natural and climatic conditions and possess valuable biological and economic characteristics, as well as to select and introduce promising high-yielding varieties.

scholarly journals The role of variety and forecrop in the population dynamics of Rhizoctonia solani in soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. A. Malyuga ◽  
N. S. Chulikova
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Peaks

Long-term studies (2014–2019) of the population dynamics of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Küch. were carried out in the soil on the Purple Majesty, Vitelotte and Fioletovy potato varieties and preceding crops (potatoes, oats and tendergreen). The study was carried out in Novosibirsk region in the soil and climatic conditions typical of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. To study the peculiarities of R. solani fungus population dynamics in potato plantations, soil samples were taken from under the plants during the entire growing season. The accumulation of rhizoctonia propagules in the soil was determined using the method of multiple soil pellets. The difference in the amount and rate of accumulation of the fungus R. solani on different varieties, as well as the influence of previous crops on this process, was established. Two peaks of the fungus accumulation were observed on the Purple Majesty variety: the first (48.7 propagules/100 g of soil) – during the full germination period, the second (57.2 propagules/100 g of soil) – at the end of the crop maturation phase. One peak was observed in the population dynamics of the fungus on Vitelotte and Fioletovy varieties, at the end of the ripening period (59.0 and 49.1 propagules/100 g soil, respectively). The smallest amount of R. solani fungus in the soil on average during the growing season was noted on the Fioletovy variety – 33.3 propagules/100 g of soil. In the Purple Majesty and Vitelotte varieties, this figure was 41.5 and 40.4 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively. When potato variety Agata was cultivated as monoculture, there was a rapid and significant accumulation of the fungus R. solani in the soil (from 34.6 to 126.8 propagules/100 g of soil). When this variety was cultivated following tendergreen or oats, the amount of the pathogen varied to a lesser extent (25.1–52.2 and 19.8–41.0 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively). No sharp increases in the number of propagative structures of the phytopathogen in the soil were noted.

WINTER WHEAT SELECTION IN CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
G. G. Goleva ◽  
Т. G. Vashchenko ◽  
N. Т. Pavlyuk ◽  
V. V. Znamenskaya ◽  
V. I. Pushkareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State Register ◽  
State Commission ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

Research results, which were conducted in the forest-steppe of the Central Black Earth Region in the years 2000-2016, are presented. They were carried out in order to find new approaches to the selection of parental components in hybridization to make varieties of winter soft wheat with a high level of productivity, resistant to abiotic environmental factors. Agrotechnology - generally accepted in the region, research material- is the crop structure data of variety samples and hybrids from breeding nurseries. The experiments were conducted according to generally accepted methods, statistical analysis of data was carried out using the Statistica 6.1. The contingency was estimated by the Spearman coefficient, the contribution of factor signs to the resultant one was estimated by the method of multiple regression using the coefficient Beta (β). It is established that hybrids of winter wheat are characterized by higher polymorphism, the appearance of favorable transgressions. Their parental forms are selected by morphological and biological features according to the principle of different quality. When selecting high-yielding varieties which are resistant to lodging, it is advisable to make crossing, contrasting in height, forms with different spike lengths. Using the proposed methods, hybrids which are responsive to environmental conditions were made. They were used in the selection of the intensive winter wheat cultivar Alaya Zarya (since 2011 it's included in the State Register of Selective Breeding Results of the Russian Federation in the fifth region). In a number of hybrids, the contribution to the productivity of their elements practically does not depend on the conditions of the growing season, they are the basis for making the Alexia variety for organic farming (it is in State Commission of the Russian Federation on Testing and Protection of Selective Breeding Results).

scholarly journals An evaluation of defluoridation technologies in the context of decision-making strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann C Fantin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Specific Community ◽  
The Government ◽  
Selection Of

Fluoride can be considered beneficial or harmful to human health dependant on the amount that is ingested. Many methods exist for the removal of excessive fluoride from drinking water; however, not all defluoridation methods are appropriate for the specific local conditions that may be present within a community. The objective of this research project is to evaluate various available defluoridation technologies against characteristics of a successful and sustainable technology, while considering decision-making strategies that may be employed by those selecting an appropriate defluoridation method to suit the characteristics of the specific community that is affected by fluoride-impacted drinking water. An evaluation of the selected defluoridation technologies supports the notion that there is not an all-encompassing defluoridation technology that would be applicable to all types of situations in which fluoride impacted groundwater is a concern. Water treatment methods for developing countries require careful consideration and selection of a sustainable solution so as to provide long-term benefits and applicability. Formal decision-making strategies would be useful tools at the government level to provide a starting point to determine which available defluoridation methods would be viable at the end user level. Researchers, government officials and, most importantly, local inhabitants of suffering areas must work together to achieve the common goal of clean and safe potable water.

scholarly journals Productivity of the mother root and cutting garden of the pumiselect clone rootstock in the Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
V. Zamorskyi ◽  
◽  
T. Kamedzko ◽  
T. Manushkina ◽  
M. Samoilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Management ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Aboveground Part ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Productivity of the mother root and cutting garden of the pumiselect clone rootstock in the Steppe of Ukraine The dynamics of productivity of the mother root & cutting garden of the Pumiselect clone rootstock was studied, taking into account the soil and climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine, as well as technological aspects of crop management. In the first three years of vegetation of mother plants, there was an intensive build-up of the aboveground part of the bushes, which gave rise to transfer them to the state of operational plantings. Taking into account the annual complete alienation of growth in the next 4-9 years, significant aging of plants occurred, which was manifested in a decrease in habitus indicators, the number of shoots and their length. As a result, the productivity of mother root plantings decreased (the number of cuttings from 570.2 thousand units)/ha up to 133.6 thousand units/ha), which limited the feasibility of long-term cultivation in order to obtain lignified cuttings. Keywords: Pumiselect, clone rootstock, mother root plantings, shoots, biometric characteristics, lignified cuttings.

scholarly journals Selection of Adaptive Agricultural Technologies in Digital Agriculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Andrey V Gostev ◽  
Aleksey I Pykhtin ◽  
Roman V Popadinets
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Selection Of

As follows from the analysis of the collected experimental material of long-term field trials of the Kursk Federal Agricultural Research Centre and generalization of the activities results of leading domestic research and educational institutions, as well as the practical results of many agricultural enterprises of the eastern part of Europe, we have identified the most effective conditions for the use of basic agricultural methods in wheat cultivation technologies as well as spring and winter barley, seed peas, buckwheat, grain maize, oats, millet and winter rye cultivation technologies of different levels of intensity which contribute to the rational use of available resources of agricultural producers based on the prevailing soil and climatic conditions. The technologies made it possible to prepare scientific-methodological approaches and a mathematical model to solve the problems of selecting an adaptive technology of crops cultivation. A normative-reference database for different types of crops cultivation technologies has also been made, including a list of zoned recognized varieties and hybrids of crops under study, necessary technology methods taking into account conditions of their effective use. Currently, an algorithm and the corresponding software are being developed to choose the most expedient technology of crop cultivation for specific soil and climatic conditions depending on a set of defining factors. There has been created software (in the form of a complex of programs for stationary computers and mobile electronic devices with the Android operating system. A specialized website has been developed. It provides a scientifically well-grounded selection of crops varieties and hybrids for the eastern part of Europa on the basis of user-specified conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of changes of climate on the productivity of pratal and steppe vegetation in the Forest-steppe area of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
A. M. Polevoy ◽  
L. E. Bozhko ◽  
E. A. Barsukova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Yield Capacity

The influence of the climate change on the agro-climatic growth conditions, development and formation of productivity of meadow and steppe vegetation in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine for three periods has been studied: 2021–2030, 2031–2040, 2041–2050. The calculations of the expected conditions have been performed according to the climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The paper provides an assessment of the agro-climatic conditions for the formation of productivity of meadow and steppe vegetation in the current global warming and further climate change conditions until 2050. The assessment has been performed by comparing the average long-term agro-climatic indicators (1980–2010) of the productivity of wild phytocenoses with the same indicators for the future over decades. The calculations of both average long-term productivity of grasses and productivity of grasses in the conditions of climate change are executed according to four types of productivity: potential productivity which in case of optimum maintenance of plants with heat, moisture and mineral food is defined by solar radiation; meteorologically possible yield, which is provided by the temperature regime and the regime of humidification of the territory; really possible yield capacity, which is provided by the natural fertility of the soil; actual yield capacity in the natural conditions. Key words: meadow, steppe vegetation, productivity, humus balance, photosynthetic potential, agroecological categories of yields, climate change.

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